• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.328-335
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• 2012

The resource-based estimating based on standard unit price of construction work was estimated by multiplying the price per standard unit of work on the amount of labor, material, equipment use time. However, limitation of the resource-based estimating way does not adequately reflect the actual transactions prices. On the subject of water tunnel excavation as a new attempt to overcome these limitations, this study analyzed productivity by work type into cutter inspection/ exchange, TBM maintenance, TBM inspection/refueling, subsequent installations, tramcar, operating change, a cave-underground reinforcement / rock reinforcement, safety / meetings and analyzed actual cost estimating and the net advance rate based on this analysis result. Actual cost estimating calculation approach presented in this study can be utilized as a useful tool to predict the actual cost estimating in the TBM water tunnels field.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1D
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• pp.71-77
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• 2010

This study presented the operation method through of productivity on eight analysis work items (TBM boring, cutter check and exchange, TBM maintenance, succeeding facilities, reinforcement in tunnel, operation alternation, a tram car) which have developed equipment at WRITH with TBM a waterway tunnel works. It was inquired lose time with analyzed result by work items and removed lose time. It was analyzed TBM boring length, TBM boring length percentage and TBM boring length time. This study analyzed TBM operation utility factor of a foreign work with TBM operation boring length percentage, a monthly average boring length, pure boring length percentage etc. and assumed a monthly average boring length and a monthly average boring length of rise forecast. Based on analyzed Data, TBM boring has been forecasted propriety pure boring length at compressive strength $675{\sim}1662kgf/cm^2$.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.48-57
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• 2005

A lot of manufacturing knowledge and method have applied to increase manufacturing efficiency in industry field. DES(Discrete Event Simulation) is one of solution to deal with manufacturing problems in factory. Beginning of research, old maintenance system of KNR ( Korea National Railroad) and its technical problems are basically investigated. KNR has maintained railway vehicle with their own solution based on experience. Very advanced railway vehicles such as KTX (Korea Train Express) and TTX(Tilting Train Express) will be difficult to maintain with their old maintenance method. In order to apply knowledge of DES, maintenance field of railway must be considered. Imaginary maintenance machine are selected to variable of DES. Maintenance capability of each machine will be evaluated base on imaginary data from imaginary machine. The machine could be very expensive as well as difficult to replace. Target of research is minimization of number of machine in railway workshop. So basic knowledge of discrete event simulation is introduced. Then five essential stages of discrete event simulation are provided. Each maintenance case defined as event. Each event is discrete and simulated base on different case such as one maintenance line with one machine and one maintenance line with two machines in railway workshop. simple maintenance method, discrete event simulation, will be come out very powerful in complicate maintenance system and will be helpful to reduce maintenance cost as well as maintenance labor.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.239-258
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to define what circuit repairing ability is and to check improvement in learner's circuit repairing abilities by verifying conformity of learner's achievement of target goals that have been derived from headlight assignment based on circuit repairing ability that has been categorized into six sub-factors, which are preparing ability, attaching/detaching ability, circuit analyzing ability, inspecting and measuring ability, repairing (problem solving) ability and organizing ability. In order to achieve the purpose of study, degree of improvement in circuit repairing ability of learner's group was measured through experiment design and verification by group of experts. SPSS statistics program was used for statistical analysis in which average value for descriptive statistics, Cronbach ${\alpha}$ coefficient and t-test were conducted. Level of significance for t-test was p<.05. The conclusions from conducting this study are as follows. Firstly, the usage of terminology 'circuit repairing ability' pertaining to ability to repair failure of electrical devices in automobiles was confirmed to be appropriate. Secondly, the categorization of circuit repairing ability into sub-factors of preparing ability, attaching/detaching ability, circuit analyzing ability, inspecting and measuring ability, repairing (problem solving) ability and organizing ability was confirmed to be appropriate. Thirdly, field instruction on headlight assignment that has been revised according to achievement of learner's goals was confirmed to be effective in improving learner's circuit repairing abilities compared to regular training. Fourthly, field instruction on headlight assignment that has been revised according to achievement of learner's goals was confirmed to be effective in improving sub-factors of circuit repairing abilities, which are preparing ability, attaching/detaching ability, circuit analyzing ability, inspecting and measuring ability, repairing (problem solving) ability and organizing ability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.443-446
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• 2006

RFID is the core of realizing ubiquitous environment. This is expected to improve economical effect through related industry revitalization, make-work, and so on, in the future, and to be linked to social see-through enhancement via national life change. However unchecked RFID use lets retailers collect unprecedented huge information and they link it to customer information database, so the voice of worry to bring about a result of trampling down consumer privacy doesn't make a negligible situation. Although RFID system is spreaded out socially, the servicing of law and system is not accomplished to protect individuals from personal information violation threat. At the same time, in ubiquitous computing environment, to protect individual information efficiently, from the step of planning and deciding this technology system, constitutional law, norm, the basic legal rights of the people, and so forth is to be considered. The objective of the research is to persent the privacy protection from the viewpoints of law on RFID.

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• no.5 s.254
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• pp.30-35
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• 2006

정유사들이 오는 7월부터 2년 동안 바이오디젤을 자발적으로 구매해 경유에 혼합 공급한다. 바이오디젤이란 콩이나 유채, 팜 등에서 추출한 식물성 유지나 폐식용유 등을 원료로 생산한 경우 대체연료로 정부가 지난 2002년부터 시범보급사업이 진행중이다. 그간의 시범보급사업에서 정부는 바이오디젤을 경유에 2:8로 혼합한 BD20 형태를 유지했지만 올해부터는 사정이 달라졌다. 주유소에서 판매가 허용되던 BD20 형태를 유지했지만 올해부터는 사정이 달라졌다. 주유소에서 판매가 허용되던 BD20은 7월 이후 자가 정비시설 등을 갖춘 연료 자가소비처로 유통을 한정하고 그 대신 모든 경유에 5% 이하의 바이오디젤을 혼합, 공급하는 'BD5' 방식을 선택했다. 하지만 'BD5'가 의무적인 것은 아니다. 현재 경유의 법정 품질기준에는 바이오디젤을 지칭하는 '지방산메틸에스테르 함량이 5% 이하까지 혼합할 수 있도록 하는 'BD5'기준이 설정되어 있지만 최저 혼합비율을 설정하지 않아 정유사 마음먹기에 따라서 전혀 혼합하지 않아도 된다. 혼합 가능한 상한선만 정해 있을 뿐 하한선은 없기 때문이다. 이와 관련해 정부는 2008년 월 이후부터 법으로 최저 혼합비율을 명시해 정유사들이 의무적으로 바이오디젤을 섞어 판매할 수 있도록 하겠다는 복안이다. 이에 앞서 정유사들은 지난 3월 산업자원부와 협약을 맺고 올해 7월부터 2008년 6월까지 2년동안 바이오디젤을 자발적으로 구매해 경유에 혼합 공급하겠다고 선언했다. 구매 물량은 연간 9만톤 수준으로 정부가 의도중인 2008년 7월 이후의 본 보급에 앞선 사실상의 마지막 실험 무대가 될 수 있다는 측면에서 중요한 의미를 갖게 된다. 바이오디젤이 대중적으로 보급되기 위해서 필수적으로 갖춰야 하는 원료의 안정적인 수급이나 품질의 안정성, 가격경쟁력 등이 향후 2년간의 과정에서 충분히 검증돼야만 본 보급에 착수할 수 있기 때문이다. 이처럼 중요한 시점에서 바이오디젤시장이 안고 있는 문제점을 점검해 보고자 한다.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
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• s.299
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• pp.70-75
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• 2001

최근 몇 년 사이 설비투자가 억제되어 고경년(高經年)변압기나 과부하로 운전조건이 어려워진 변압기가 증가하고 있으며, 이에 따라 기기의 운전신뢰성 유지와 정비$\cdot$보수를 위한 토털코스트의 삭감 요구가 제기되고 있다. 변압기의 운전신뢰성을 유지하기 위한 센서 및 장치는 점검$\cdot$순시의 지원, 이상징후의 검출은 물론 기기의 상태를 정확하게 파악함으로써 적절한 유지보수의 지원을 목적으로 하는 것이 제품화되어 있다. 이와 같은 변압기의 감시$\cdot$진단센서 기술과 IT(정보기술)를 이용한 IT화 대응 변압기 유지보수지원시스템을 개발하여 공장내의 실(實)변압기에 설치, 실용성을 확인하였다. 이 시스템은 기존의 광역네트워크를 사용하여 유지보수거점에 위치하면서 원격지의 변압기 운전상태와 감시$\cdot$진단정보를 필요에 따라 액세스할 수 있도록 되어 있으며, 유지보수거점에서는 기기감시서버내의 데이터와 화면을 임의로 액세스할 수 있고 유지보수정보의 공유화와 이상검출시의 유중가스센서의 기동, 부하시 탭전환장치(LTC)의 토크파형 표시에 의한 조기대응과 이상해석$\cdot$진단정도(精度)의 향상에 효과를 발휘할 수 있다. 시스템은 변압기의 중요성, 토털코스트에 맞추어 구축된다. 이 때문에 센서, 각 장치간의 데이터 전송에 대해서는 온라인, 오프라인 및 각종 I/F를 준비하여 시스템의 선택성$\cdot$확장성을 고려토록 하고 있다. 차후 IT화 대응 유지보수지원시스템이 변압기 운전신뢰성 유지와 유지보수코스트 삭감에 효과를 발휘할 것으로 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1197-1199
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• 2015

PLS-II 키커 모듈레이터는 마그넷 코일 4개에 펄스전원을 공급하고 있다. 에너지 저장용 커패시턴스 합성 값은 $3.2{\mu}F$이고, 두 개의 회로로 커패시턴스 $1.6{\mu}F$로 나뉘어져 있다. 키커 마그넷 코일 두 개를 직렬연결하고 두 개 회로를 병렬구조로 하여 펄스 폭 $6.8{\mu}s$, 전류 20 kA, 운전주파수 10 Hz로 운전되고 있다. 커패시터와 코일의 직렬공진에 의해 에너지를 전달하는 직렬공진회로이다. 인덕턴스를 줄일 목적으로 전원장치는 키커 마그넷 가까이에 설치되어있다. 이것은 펄스폭에 영향을 미치게 되며 운전전류에 민감해서 그 값이 커지게 되면 입력공급 전압이 높아지게 된다. 장치의 운영적인 측면에서 고장이나 키커 모듈레이터 내부에 문제가 발생 하였을 경우 저장링 터널에 설치되어있는 전원을 점검하기 위해서는 빔 운전을 중단하고 접근을 해야 하는 불편함이 있다. 키커 모듈레이터 전원을 단일전원을 하고자 하는 궁극적인 목적은 입사효율을 높이기 위함이며, 입사되는 키커의 변수를 조정하고자 한다. 또한, 정비의 용이성과 입사 시 키커의 전압, 전류를 개별적으로 조정이 가능하게 단일전원으로 장치를 제작하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 단일전원의 설계와 실험내용을 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.59-78
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• 2014

Since 2010, the itinerant librarian project has aimed to support small libraries and to establish cooperative systems between public libraries and small libraries. However, the project has been criticized for several issues, although there are some positive evaluations. In this context this study aims to analyze various issues of the project and to provide alternative strategies. Based on analyzing previous studies the study discusses the concept and social background of itinerant librarians. Furthermore, it explores the issues of the project, including low awareness and employment instability of itinerant librarians through the interviews with participants of the project. As a result, the study provides six alternative strategies to improve the project.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2016

Batteries are used for main power engine in the fields such as mobiles, electric vehicles and unmanned submarines, for starter and lamp driver in general automotive, for emergency electric source in ship. These days, lead-acid and the lithium ion batteries are increasingly used in the fields of the secondary battery, and the lead-acid battery has a low price and safety comparatively, The lithium ion battery has a high energy density, excellent output characteristics and long life, whereas it has the risk of explosion by reacting with moisture in the air. But Recently, due to the development of waterproof, fireproof, dustproof technology, lithium batteries are widely used, particularly, because their usages are getting wider enough to be used as a power source for hybrid ship and electric propulsion ship, it is necessary to manage more strictly. Hybrid ship has power supply units connected to the packets to produce more than 500kWh large power source, and therefore, A number of the communication modules and wires need to implement the wire inspection and monitor system(WIIMS) that allows monitoring server to transmit detecting voltage, current and temperature data, which is required for the management of the batteries. This paper implements a low price type wireless inspection and monitoring system(WILIMS) of the lithium ion battery for hybrid vessels using BLE wireless communication modules and power line modem( PLM), which have the advantages of low price, no electric lines compared to serial communication inspection systems(SCIS). There are state of charge(SOC), state of health(SOH) in inspection parts of batteries, and proposed system will be able to prevent safety accidents because it allows us to predict life time and make a preventive maintenance by checking them at regular intervals.