• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.595-610
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• 2011

It is hard to understand the coexistence of giftedness and disorder in an individual, but the twice-exceptional is widely recognized now. Gifted autistic spectrum disorder is one of its subtypes in which giftedness exists with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) simultaneously. Like other constructs including giftedness, the nature of gifted ASD has not been understood in a fundamental and wholistic manner. This paper suggests a cognitive mechanism of gifted ASD based on the integrated model of human abilities(Song, 2009; Song & Porath, 2005), which explains how giftedness coexists with ASD and interacts with each other, producing the characteristics of gifted individuals with ASD. According to the suggested mechanism, the excessive growth of mental spaces in the brain may cause ASD. The over-grown mental spaces result in excessively strong short-term sensory memory and better facility of processing, promoting internal cognitive activities on one hand, but relative lack of cognitive activities in the real world space results in ASD symptoms on the other hand. The cognitive structure of gifted ASD students also contributes to the presentation of giftedness in specific domains. This study suggests that gifted individuals with ASD need to be discouraged from fully engaging in domains they are interested in or the most confident of, rather to be encouraged to invest their giftedness to overcome their ASD symptoms. This study also provides new perspectives on theoretical and educational approaches for gifted ASD.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.16A no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2009

One of the most effective way to improve cache performance is to exploit both temporal and spatial locality given by any program executive characteristics. In this paper we present a high performance and low power cache structure with a bank selection mechanism that enhances exploitation of spatial and temporal locality. The proposed cache system consists of two parts, i.e., a main direct-mapped cache with a small block size and a fully associative buffer with a large block size as a multiple of the small block size. Especially, the main direct-mapped cache is constructed as two banks for low power consumption and stores a small block which is selected from fully associative buffer by the proposed bank selection algorithm. By using the bank selection algorithm and three state bits, We selectively extend the lifetime of those small blocks with high temporal locality by storing them in the main direct-mapped caches. This approach effectively reduces conflict misses and cache pollution at the same time. According to the simulation results, the average miss ratio, compared with the Victim and STAS caches with the same size, is improved by about 23% and 32% for Mibench applications respectively. The average memory access time is reduced by about 14% and 18% compared with the he victim and STAS caches respectively. It is also shown that energy consumption of the proposed cache is around 10% lower than other cache systems that we examine.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.13-32
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• 2021

Rapid urbanization has resulted in the unprecedented growth of population in Metro Manila, the Philippines and has led to a 'dual' housing crisis - vacant/unoccupied socialized housing and a chronic housing shortage or delayed housing supply. By developing two GIS-based statistical models, this study is to examine socialized housing in comparison with private housing with respect to location patterns, integration, accessibility, social and economic aspects, and vulnerability to environmental hazards. Multiple regression analysis was integrated with the GIS to identify significant variables that influence the spatial distribution of socialized housing. The comparison between the two regression models has shown that socialized housing is located in areas with inappropriate land use and poor accessibility to transportation facilities and built urban resources. Moreover, both regression models have proven the statistical significance of the vulnerability of socialized housing to environmental hazards. The finding explains how the current housing policies do not address the country's housing crisis, especially for the marginalized and low-income households. Thus, the findings provide implications for urban planners and local decision-makers in reforming the current policy interventions.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.343-361
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• 2014

This research was conducted to measure the satisfaction level of users and the service quality of specialized libraries in the digital environment. 289 users of 24 government-funded institutes were divided into humanity/social science area and science/technology area for comparison. Using seven hypotheses, the tests were conducted between three independent variables, service quality, space quality, and information quality and one dependent variable, user satisfaction. It was concluded that the competence and quality of the librarian, library homepage, and quality of information are most critical for user satisfaction. Suggestions are made: an improvement in the service quality and specialization of the librarian's skills, a need for librarian's courtesy education, a provision of differentiated and specialized quality of information, an easy access to the library homepage, and supports on the contents and information search.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.723-728
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• 2022

The vitality of the city's commercial district, which in the base of city life and provides vitality and diversity of life, has a great impact on the vitality of the entire city and the revitalization of the local economy. The revitalization of the commercial street is related to the activation of walking, and walking is closely related to the quality of life because it involves a wide range of interactions with the surrounding environment beyond simple movement. This quality of life leads to 'Livability'. In order to revitalize pedestrians on the commercial street, the liberty factor was derived and the importance of what was the most important and effective for the activation of the commercial street was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the items representing the atmosphere and purpose, which are detailed indicators of placeness, had a high priority, and it was found that the detailed indicators belonging to accessibility came out with a lower priority. In order to increase the livability of the commercial street, the priority is to increase the spatiality of the space, and if pedestrians are activated as the number of visits and stay time of visitors increases, it can be extended to the vitality of the entire area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2015.01a
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• pp.263-265
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• 2015

안전하지 않은 네트워크에서 정당한 사용자를 인증하여 접근을 허가하는 사용자 인증 기법은 매우 중요한 기술이다. 스마트카드를 이용한 사용자 인증 기법은 연산의 효율성과 사용의 편리성, 저장 공간 등의 이유로 최근까지 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. Huang 등은 Awasthi 등이 제안한 기법의 취약점을 개선하고 연산 효율성 및 편리성을 증대시킨 새로운 기법을 제안하였다. 그러나 Huang 등이 제안한 기법 역시 비밀키가 노출되고 위장 공격, 서비스 거부 공격 등에 취약하다는 것이 확인되었다. 본 논문에서는 Huang 등이 제안한 기법을 살펴보고 안전성을 분석한다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.718-735
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• 2008

Park-and- Rides are intermodal transfer facilities providing a staging location for travellers to transfer between transportation modes. They are an alternative to alleviate transportation problems such as traffic congestion and air pollution in metropolitan areas. Siting Park-and-Ride facilities belongs to a kind of multi-criteria spatial decision making problems being associated with a combination of various location factors. The purpose of this paper is to provide a method and procedure to evaluate the location suitability of Park-and-Ride facilities using GIS(Geographic Information Systems). Using GIS-based suitability analysis, land value, landuse, road accessibility, public transportation accessibility, possibility to intercept automobile trips, distance to activity center and competition with existing facilities were evaluated as location factors. The suitabilities of individual factors were combined to produce a composite map with a specific weight scheme. Then a given number of sites with high suitability score were selected as potential facility locations and their demand were evaluated based on a commutershed with parabolic shape. The suggested method and procedure will provide useful information in determining Park-and-Ride sites and designing their structure.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.235-245
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to figure out the tendency of tunnel convergence during excavation and to present a methodology for the prediction of a fault zone ahead of a tunnel face by analyzing three dimensional displacements in various ways. 3-D numerical analysis was performed to investigate changes of tunnel convergence vectors near a fault zone and to propose a flow chart for predicting fault zones. Results of the site investigation and results of trend line analysis of in-situ data were compared to verify the usefulness of a trend line analysis. It is concluded that the orientation of faults can be predicted by using stereonets and the direction of initial stresses can be predicted from the arm length of a displacement vector as a tunnel approaches fault zones. The results of the trend line analysis coincided with those of the site investigation, and a methodology for the prediction of a fault zone was proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.610-610
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• 2012

한강하구는 국가하천인 한강, 한강의 1지류인 임진강과 북한 황해도의 예성강이 만나 한강하류 수역을 형성하여 서해 중부해역과 합류하여 매우 복잡한 수리학적 특성을 지닌다. 또한 한강하구의 경우 교량, 수중보 등의 하천 구조물이 설치되어 있다. 수리학은 크게 수위와 관계되는 현상, 하상변화와 관계되는 현상, 외부 환경과 관계되는 현상으로 살펴 볼 수 있다(최계운, 2005). 하천구조물이 설치됨에 따라 구조물 주변에서 국부적으로 수위가 상승되거나 유속이 변화, 세굴현상 등의 하상 변화, 구조물 설치에 따른 생태계의 단절 현상 등 수리학적 현상에 영향을 미치게 된다. 한강하구는 이러한 복잡한 흐름현상에 더해 군사적으로 민감한 지역의 특성으로 현장의 접근성에 한계가 있어 이 지역의 연구조사는 더욱 어렵다. 그간 한강하구의 흐름 현상을 규명하기 위한 연구 방법으로 수치모의를 통한 다양한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 수리학적 흐름 현상을 계산하기 위한 필수 조건인 하류경계조건 설정에도 어려움이 수반된다. 이 때문에 한강의 수리학적 수치모의 실험에 관한 연구들은 한강하구의 얕은 수심과 해석의 공간적 범위를 소홀히 하고, 공릉천 합류부를 기준으로 하류지점에 대해서는 인천 조위관측소의 조위자료를 사용하거나 하천정비기본계획상의 기점수위를 일괄적으로 적용하여 지점에 따른 수위의 차이를 적용하지 못하는 한계를 지닌다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 남북접경지역 접근의 어려움으로 인하여 발생되는 한강하구 흐름해석의 불확실성을 명확히 하기 위한 방안으로 한강하구지역에 해당 군부대와 군사정전위원회의 출입허가 승인을 얻어 현장조사를 실시하였다. 사전조사를 통하여 성동교, 대산교, 공릉천, 화도돈대, 철곶돈대 전방 수변, 애기봉전망대 전방 수변을 조사 지점으로 선정하였다. 기존 연구에서는 한강하구의 공릉천 합류부 지점을 하류경계조건으로 채택하고 있으나, 현장조사를 통하여 얻을 자료를 분석한 결과 공릉천 합류부 지점의 수위는 강우발생에 대한 하천의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나 하류경계조건으로 적정하지 않은 것으로 판단되었으며, 공릉천보다 하류지역에 위치한 지역에 대하여 하류경계조건으로 적정한 지역을 찾을 수 있었다. 수치해석 시에는 공간적 범위와 연구의 목적을 고려하여 각 지점의 실제 관측 자료를 활용한 경계조건을 사용하는 것이 적합한 것으로 판단되며 보다 많은 현장조사와 특성분석을 통한 정확한 경계조건의 구축이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.141-152
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• 2019

A gradual increase in the number of people with disabilities and the elderly in our everyday life has changed our perceptions toward them. The concept of barrier free space has been gradually incorporated into the social system and into our everyday life, and has further developed into the universal design concept so that creating an environment where all inhabitants of a city are able to enjoy the space of everyday life. Against this backdrop, this study has conducted research on how to improve the accessibility of major public spaces in Wonju, Chuncheon, and Gangneung, or major metropolitan cities of Gangwon Province. The research has been conducted under the assumption that the conditions of utilizing public spaces in those cities will not meet public expectations compared to private spaced despite being iconic cities of Gangwon Province. The field survey results show that the concept of barrier free space is reflected, to some extent, in planning and development although its role in terms of using such space is not up to expectations. In particular, the buildings and facilities built prior to the enforcement of relevant policies are found to leave much to be desired due to unsatisfactory development plans between architecture and urban public space, which necessitates improvement on relevant policies, sincere efforts of local governments, and practical guidelines that can be useful in the implementation stage. Above all, building owners and public administrations are advised to raise their awareness on the concept of universal design so that it is firmly rooted in our everyday life as one of the universal values. It should lead to the efforts of the members of local cities in providing the environment where people are able to enjoy these utilities from the perspective of promoting public welfare.