• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2008

Since the direct normal insolation is a main factor for designing any solar thermal power system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. We have begun collecting direct normal insolation data since December 1992 at 16 different locations and considerable effort has been made for constructing a standard value from measured data at each station. KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research)'s new data will be extensively used by solar thermal concentrating system users or designers as well as by research institutes. From the results, we can conclude that 1) Yearly mean $2.67\;kWh/m^2/day$ of the direct normal insolation was evaluated for all days all over the 16 areas in Korea. 2) All day's direct normal insolation of spring and summer were $2.91\;kWh/m^2/day$ and $2.23\;kWHm^2/day$, and for fall and winter their values were $2.78\;kWh/m^2/day$ and $2.77\;kWh/m^2/day$ respectively. So, spring, fall and winter were higher, and summer was lower than the yearly mean value.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.199-200
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• 2014

최근 국내에서는 경제적 여유와 함께 웰빙에 관심이 높아지며 도심생활에서 벗어나 수변공간, 해양레저활동 등이 주목받고 있다. 이에 따라 수상에서의 다양한 활동을 수용할 수 있는 플로팅 건축물에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있으며, 플로팅 건축물을 이용한 다양한 용도와 기능의 건축물들이 수상에 설치되고 있다. 플로팅 건축물 역시 사람들의 생활을 위한 공간으로 육상의 일반 건축물과 같이 쾌적한 거주환경 제공을 위하여 다양한 설비들이 설치되고 있다. 하지만 플로팅 건축물은 수상에 위치한 입지적 특성으로 인하여 육상의 일반건축물과 다른 환경적 요인을 고려한 설비시스템 도입이 필요함에도 불구하고 수상환경을 고려한 설비시스템의 설치는 이루어지지 않고 있다. 특히, 실내의 쾌적한 거주환경 유지를 위하여 중요한 요소인 냉난방설비는 충분한 성능을 발휘하기 위하여 시스템설계 전 충분한 환경적 요소를 고려한 부하산정이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 플로팅 건축물의 입지적 특성을 고려하여 냉난방 시스템 설계 시 일반건축물에 적용되는 부하산정 요소 외 해수온도, 해수면 반사일사 및 창면적비를 부하산정 요소로 도입하고 각 요소별 특성을 고찰하여 플로팅 건축물 냉난방부하에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 종합적으로 고찰하였다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2012

Mongolia's solar-meteorological resources map has been developed using satellite data and reanalysis data. Solar radiation was calculated using solar radiation model, in which the input data were satellite data from SRTM, TERA, AQUA, AURA and MTSAT-1R satellites and the reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR. The calculated results are validated by the DSWRF (Downward Short-Wave Radiation Flux) from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. Mongolia is composed of mountainous region in the western area and desert or semi-arid region in middle and southern parts of the country. South-central area comprises inside the continent with a clear day and less rainfall, and irradiation is higher than other regions on the same latitude. The western mountain region is reached a lot of solar energy due to high elevation but the area is covered with snow (high albedo) throughout the year. The snow cover is a cause of false detection from the cloud detection algorithm of satellite data. Eventually clearness index and solar radiation are underestimated. And southern region has high total precipitable water and aerosol optical depth, but high solar radiation reaches the surface as it is located on the relatively lower latitude. When calculated solar radiation is validated by DSWRF from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, monthly mean solar radiation is 547.59 MJ which is approximately 2.89 MJ higher than DSWRF. The correlation coefficient between calculation and reanalysis data is 0.99 and the RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) is 6.17 MJ. It turned out to be highest correlation (r=0.94) in October, and lowest correlation (r=0.62) in March considering the error of cloud detection with melting and yellow sand.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.292-294
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 MW급 집중배치형 태양광 발전시스템 설치 전 기상청 기상대 기후자료를 Solar Pro 시뮬레이터에 적용하여 최적의 발전 Site를 선정하는 방법을 소개하고, 그 결과를 보여준다. 국내 지역별로 일사량 및 지역 기후 특성에 따라 태양광 발전의 발전량이 차이가 남에 따라 태양광발전 사업 전 반드시 거쳐야 할 단계이다. 이를 토대로 MW급 태양광 발전시스템 설치 시 각 지역별 경제성 차이도 알아 볼 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.42-54
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• 2020

This study aimed to analyze the rate of increase and spread patterns of dead trees of the conifer (Abies koreana and others) in subalpine zones by using the high-resolution aerial images in Jirisan National Park around 10 years ago. Furthermore, factors affecting the death of conifer were identified by analyzing the altitude, topographical information, solar radiation, and moisture environment of the site where the dead trees are located. The number of dead trees per unit area increased by two to five times in the Banyabong peak, Yeongsinbong peak, and Cheonwangbong peak in Jirisan National Park over the past decade. The increase was about 2 times in the Banyabong peak, about 3.9 times in the Yeongsinbong peak, and about 5.2 times in the Cheonwangbong peak, indicating the most notable increase in the Cheonwangbong peak. It is estimated that dead trees commonly occurred in the environments where the soil moisture content was low due to the high slope, amount of evaporation was high due to strong solar radiation as the location faced south, and the soil was dry due to strong solar radiation and short rain retention time. In other words, dead conifer trees in subalpine zones were concentrated in dry location environments, and the tendency was the same more than ten years ago.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.221-228
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• 2019

The effects of wind speed on the temperature change during day time could be insignificant in a region with a complex terrain. The objective of this study was to derive empirical relationship between solar radiation and hourly temperature under a windy condition for the period from sunrise to sunset in order to improve hourly air temperature at a site-specific scale. The deviation of the temperature measurements was analyzed along with the changes of the hourly sunlight at weather observation sites located on the east and west slopes under given wind speed. An empirical model where wind speed use used as an independent variable was obtained to quantify the solar effects on the temperature change (MJ/㎡). This model was verified estimating the hourly temperature during the daytime (0600-1900 h) at 25 weather observation sites located in the study area that has complex topography for the period from January to December 2018. The mean error (ME) and root mean square error (RMSE)of the estimated and measured values ranged from -0.98 to 0.67 ℃, and from 0.95 to 2.04 ℃, respectively. The daytime temperature at 1500 h were estimated using new and previous models. It was found that to the model proposed in the present study reduced the measurement errors of the hourly temperature in the afternoon in comparison with the previous model. For example, the ME and RMSE of the previous model were (ME -0.91 ℃ and 1.47 ℃, respectively. In contrast, the values of ME and RMSE were -0.45 ℃ and 1.22 ℃ for the new model, respectively. Our results suggested that the reliability of hourly temperature estimates at a specific site could be improved taking into account the effect of wind as well as solar radiation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.135-148
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• 2019

Although the technology for the observation of solar radiation is rapidly developing worldwide, in Korea the guidelines for comparing observations of solar radiation are only now under preparation. In this study, a procedure for intercomparison observations of solar radiation was established which accounts for meteorological and geographical conditions. The intercomparisons among observations by national reference pyranometers were carried out at the Asia Regional Radiation Center, Japan, in 2017. Recently, the result of the calibration of the reference pyranometer of the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) has been reported. Using the KMA pyranometer as a reference, comparisons between observations and calibrations were carried out for the standard (B to J) pyranometers of the KMA, and for the reference (A) and the standard pyranometers of the Gangneung-Wonju National University. The intercomparisons were carried out between October 24 and October 25, 2018. The sensitivity constants were adjusted according to the results of the data analysis performed on October 24. On October 25, a post-comparison observation was also performed, and the data of the participating pyranometers were verified. The sensitivity constants were calculated using only data corresponding to a solar radiation of $450.0W\;m^{-2}$ or higher. The B and I pyranometers exhibited a small error (${\pm}0.50W\;m^{-2}$), and the applied sensitivity constants were in the range $0.08-0.16{\mu}V(W\;m^{-2})^{-1}$. For the C pyranometer, the adjustment of the sensitivity constant was the largest, i.e., $-0.16{\mu}V(W\;m^{-2})^{-1}$. As a result, the nine candidate pyranometers could be calibrated with an average error of $0.06W\;m^{-2}$ (0.08%) with respect to the KMA reference, which falls within the allowed tolerance of ${\pm}1.00%$ (or ${\pm}4.50W\;m^{-2}$).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.229-234
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• 1982

Environmental factors are known in general to influence much on the development of abscission layer and thereby on shedding of plant parts. The present study was carried out to determine the effect of meterological condition during ripening on the grain shatterability of rice plants at harvest. Different meteorological conditions were obtained by shifting transplanting timing of 40 days old rice seedlings 4 times with a 15 days-interval. Grain shatterability was measured as tensile strength of rice grains: it varied within a range of 214g. to 251g. in a practically non-shattering Japonica variety'Jinheung' and l27.5g. to 204g. in an easy shattering Indica \times Japonica progeny variety'Taeback'. In view of field loss of rice, the variation in tensile strength with time of transplanting and harvest did not matter in Jinheung, but was an important factor in Taeback. In Taeback the tensile strength was significantly correlated positively with mean, maximum and minimum air temperature and relative humidity during a certain period of grain ripening, especially during 30 days period before harvest, but diurnal range of air temperature showed a significant, negative correlation with it. The tensile strength seemed to be more closely related with min. air temperature than max. air temperature, and it was not significantly correlated with radiation amount during any period of pre-harvest. Meteorological effect on grain shatterability may vary with variety, but temperature regime during ripening appears to play major role among the meteorological factors in easy shattering and more thermophilic Indica \times Japonica varieties: lower the temperature, greater the shatterability.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.13 no.2 s.17
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• pp.70-84
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• 2000

한국유일체의서규(韓國有一體醫書叫) 신수비전격염진선결(神授秘傳隔簾診線訣). 대개시자종고대전하래적(大槪是自從古代傳下來的). 차서지내용시파환자여대부격개우실내여실외(此暑之內容是把患者與大夫隔開于室內與室外). 야부진행문진화문진(也不進行聞診和問診). 지완상계적선중래적감각래판단병증(只腕上係的線中來的感覺來判斷病症). 우안차병증제시치료법적비결(又按此病症提示治療法的秘訣). 아문상상가문도(我們常常可聞到) '고대적대부부근왕후('古代的大夫不僅王后). 이차장상적처첩(而且將相的妻妾), 也只고사선래진호맥(也只고絲線來診好脈), 가현재즘마야조불도나종유명적대부'아상차화기원우선결(可現在즘마也조不到那種有名的大夫'我想此話起源于線訣). 단종실제내간(但從實際來看). 불득부회의(不得不懷疑) ‘즘마능용일사선내정확판단환자적맥상('즘마能用一絲線來正確判斷患者的脈象), 우기시이차판단내소정하래적진단여치법우능신도심마정도니(尤其是以此判斷來所定下來的診斷與治法又能信到甚마程道尼).' 결과득지료(結果得知了) 격염진선결(隔簾診線訣) 상소서술적이론시기우'주역'적이론지사(上所敍述的理論是基于'周易'的理論之事), 요결형식내서술적(要訣形式來敍述的). 소이일반인흔난이해(所以一般人흔難理解). 인차아요대차이개소(因此我要對此而介紹). 수선통과선결적제요체예(首先通過線訣的提要體例), 작괘법급원문일례(作卦法及原文一例), 재의역학적립장상(在醫易學的立場上), 위료육효(爲了六爻), 생리(生理), 병리(病理), 진단(診斷), 예후(豫候), 방제화침구방면적응용(方劑和針灸方面的應用). 환유고찰료괘상적납갑(還有考察了卦象的納甲), 납지(納支), 세응(世應), 비신(飛神), 복신(伏神), 종류적작용여이용괘상적유관의역서적작용(種類的作用與利用卦象的有關醫易書的作用).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.110-113
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• 2008

태양광 발전은 태양에너지를 직접 전기에너지로 변환시키는 설비로서 Co2 발생이 적고 에너지원인 태양에너지가 무한하다는 장점이 있다. 현재 EU를 비롯한 선진국 및 개도국에서는 신재생에너지 확대를 위해 전 국가적으로 노력하고 있으며 특히 태양광 발전분야는 전 세계적으로 설비용량이 급증하고 있다. 국내에서도 발전차액지원제도 하에 태양광 발전설비를 확충하고 있으며, 정부가 발표한 1차국가에너지 기본계획에 의하면 2030년까지 3,504 MW로 공급규모를 확대할 방침이다. 그러나 현재 태양광 발전은 에너지 변환효율은 약 15%이며 날씨와 시간에 따라 발전에 제약이 따른다. 이에 태양광 발전의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해 국내 발전차액지원을 받고 있는 태양광 발전소의 연간 발전량을 근거하여 이용률을 분석했다. 분석결과 일사량이 풍부한 전남지역의 이용률이 가장 높고,반대로 경기와 서울지역은 저조했으며, 연평균 15.70%의 이용률을 보였다. 한편 월간 이용률은 5월에 높게 나타났으며, 연중 최대 전력수요가 나타나는 7-9월에는 기상조건으로 인해 저조한 이용률을 보였다. 따라서 기후변화를 완화하고 저탄소 녹색성장을 구현하기 위해 기술개발을 통해 태양광 이용률 증대시켜야 한다.