• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.403-408
• /
• 2000

To enlarge applicable field of electrolyzed acid-water(EAW) on food industry, quality changes of agaricus mushroom(Agaricus blazei Mui1l) washed with cooled EAW were investigated during storage at 5$\^{C}$. Total count and coliform count were decreased to 1/88 level and l0$^1$cfu/g respectively by immersion washing with EAW for 5 min. Agaricus mushroom washed with EAW had showed better quality properties such as weight loss, pH, acidity, browning, organoleptic properties after 3∼4 days of storage at 5$\^{C}$ except firmness of the trunk parts of agaricus mushroom comparing with non-treated one. △E values of agaricus mushroom showed lower increasement than those of non-treated ones after 3∼4 days of storage. Considering organoletpic and quality characteristics of stored agaricus mushroom synthetically, it was showed that EAW could be applicable to shelf life extension of argaricus mushroom.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.506-512
• /
• 2006

We investigated changes in the physicochemical characteristics and functional components of the Saengsik cereal grains-milled rice, brown rice, glutinous rice, and barley- by washing with electrolyzed water. There were no changes in the composition of all cereal grains that was dried with hot-air and freeze-dried after being washed with electrolyzed water. The L and a values were not affected by drying in milled rice, brown rice, glutinous rice, or barley, but the b value increased in milled rice and glutinous rice-this increase was greater with hot-air drying than with freeze-drying. The dietary fiber content of the all cereals increased with hot-air drying. The niacin content decreased in all cereals; the extent of this change was greater with hot-air drying than with freeze-drying. The ${\beta}-glucan$ content of barley was higher in samples that underwent freeze-drying than in those treated by hot-air drying, but was not affected by washing with electrolyzed water. Thus, other than a change in color for milled and glutinous rice, no changes in the physicochemical characteristics and functional components these products were observed with freeze-drying. Data indicate that the electrolyzed water washing could be effectively used as pasteurization step in the uncooked cereal grains.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.202.1-202
• /
• 2003

기계적 박피와 수작업 박피로 처리된 감자와 우엉을 수도수, 염소수, 전해수A(pH 2.6), 전해수B(pH 8.5)등의 4가지 세정수로 세정 횟수를 달리하여 최소가공의 초기 단계인 박피와 세정처리에 따른 품질특성을 조사하였다 감자 박피에 최적 조건은 박피도구를 이용한 수작업 박피로 감모율 8.40%, 우엉은 brushing에 의한 박피 방법으로 감모율이 8.05%로 타 처리에 비하여 현저히 낮게 나타났다. 세정에 의한 미생물 살균효과는 수작업 박피 감자의 수도수 세정시 총균수는 처리 직후 4.5$\times$$10^4$CFU/g으로 무처리시의 4.8$\times$$10^4$CFU/g와 거의 차이가 없는 반면에 전해수A에 의한 세정은 $1.5\times$$10^2$CFU/g으로 나타나 뛰어난 살균효과를 나타내었고, 염소수와 전해수B로 세정된 시료도 각각 3.0$\times$$10^2$CFU/g 및 2.5$\times$$10^2$CFU/g로 나타나 전해수 처리구가 수도수 처리구에 비하여 전반적으로 2 log cycle 정도 낮은 수준으로 감소하였다. 이와 같은 살균효과는 대장균군수의 경우에도 마찬가지로 나타났다. 염소수 세정은 수도수와 동일한 방법으로 세정후 시간 경과에 따라 건조에 의한 표면색도가 점차 밝게 변하는 특징을 보였다. 마찬가지로 박피 우엉의 세정처리에 있어서도 전체적으로 전해수가 타 세정수보다 미생물 살균효과를 나타내었으며 특히, 감자에서와는 달리 1회 세정보다 2회 세정시 더 우수한 살균효과를 보여주었다.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 1983

석출전위가 낮은 금속들을 저농도용액에서 전기분해하여 회수하는 방법에 대해 아연과 카드뮴을 모델로 삼아 채취방법을 연구하였다. Hull cell과 hyperbolic twin cell에서 시험해서 전류밀도와 효율이 낮기 때문에 기존방법으로는 회수속도가 매우 느린 것을 알 수 있었다. 전해 채취조건을 좋게 하기 위해서는 음극의 표면적을 크게 하고 흔들어 주며, 또 전해액을 강제 순환시켜 물질이동이 잘 되도록 해야만 한다. Rotating tubular bed reactor 나 impact rod reactor 같은 전해조를 사용하여 여러 종류의 용액 중의 아연과 카드뮴 전해 채취 실험을 하였다. 특히 카드뮴의 잔류농도를 낮추기 위해서는 전해법과 이온교환법을 같이 사용하는 것이 유용하다. 새로운 방법의 처리비용과 기존방법의 처리비용을 비교하여 보았다.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.52-60
• /
• 2007

Denitrification from aqueous solution was investigated through patent analysis and electrochemical denitrification experiment. Among several candidates, biological treatment and oxidation/reduction method are mainly discussed. Recently, patent pending concerning to electrochemical treatment is increasing. Based on basic electrochemical study, total nitrogen was removed up 47% by 1-hour galvanostatic electrolysis with Fe cathode and Pt anode. More applicable technique to industry could be mentioned combination of two or more technologies suitable to waste water characteristics. In the case of small and concentrate effluent, combination of chemical and electrochemical treatment would be recommendable because nitrate could be easily converted to nitrite by chemical treatment, and in that case denitrification by electrolysis becomes more efficient and metal ions from chemical treatment can be recovered during electrolysis.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.530-537
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to determine the inactivation effect of electrolyzed water and organic acids either alone or in combination on L. monocytogenes or natural microflora on lettuce. Acidic electrolyzed water completely inactivated L. monocytogenes in broth system within 60 sec, but alkalin electrolyzed water caused approximate 1.7 log CFU/g reduction. However, acidic electrolyzed water reduced only 2.5 log CFU/g of L. monocytogenes on lettuce, and similar antimicrobial effect was observed with alkalin electrolyzed water. In the meantime, acidic and alkaline electrolyzed water caused approximately 2 log CFU/g reduction compared to control, whereas both electrolyzed water combined with $1\%$ organic acids ranged from 2.6 to 3.7 log CFU/g reduction. Among the organic acids, both electrolyzed water combined with $1\%$ citric acid showed the strongest synergistic antimicrobial effect to reduce L. monocytogenes on lettuce as well as total counts, yeast and molds. When antimicrobials, alone or in combination were treated into L. monocytogenes inoculated lettuce at $5^{\circ}C\;and\;15^{\circ}C$ for designed periods, the combined alkalin electrolyzed water with $1\%$ citric acid showed the greatest potential to inhibit growth of the bacteria. According to Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), the treatment of electrolyzed alkali water in combination with $1\%$ citric acid highly reduced the growth of the L. monocytogenes compared to single treatment and resulted in causing the destruction of cell membrane.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.227-232
• /
• 2004

Ballast water from ship harmful microorganism sterilized use of electrolytic sterilization system. The experimental methods were use of peristaltic flow pump upward on electrode pole. Due to reaction time, HRT were unlike microorganism on flow rate. In electrolysis, dioxide iridium coated titanium(Ti／IrO$_2$) and stainless steel plate were used for anode and cathode respectively. Current density controls make use of D.C Power supply on 250V 100Amper. Experimental use of current density between 0.1 and 0.5A was able to disinfect microorganism at 5 seconds by the reaction time. This study shows that the electrolyzed water has a potential for the sterilization of ballast water.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.1511-1517
• /
• 1999

Effects of washing methods using electrolyzed acid water on lettuce(Lactuca sativa) and quality changes during storage were investigated. The multi-stage immersion treated 3 times in 2 min showed more effective than others to remove microorganisms. Total count of lettuce after immersion in electrolyzed acid water was decreased to 1/100-1/300 of $5.8\;{\times}\;l0^5CFU/g$ of non-immersed lettuce and $2.3\;{\times}\;l0^5CFU/g$ of tap water immersed lettuce. Also coliforms was significantly decreased to 1/3,000 of $3.1\;{\times}\;10^3CFU/g$ after electrolyzed acid water washing. However, microbial levels of electrolyzed acid water treated one became to be similar to those of non-treated lettuce after 3 days of storage at $10^{\circ}C$. The color values of L and b of lettuce treated with electrolyzed acid water were somewhat higher than those of others. Though chlorophyll content of lettuce just after immersion in electrolyzed acid water was 9% lower than those of non-treated one, the content was decreased to the same level of other treatments during storage. Decaying ratio showed the lowest value in lettuce immersed in electrolyzed acid water until 6 days of storage. The sensory tests for overall acceptability and appearance of lettuce immersed in electrolyzed acid water showed higher than those of others until $3{\sim}6$ days of storage.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2001

This study was to investigate the inhibiting effect of electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water with/without freezing point depressing agents on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of peeled chestnut. 0.85% sodium chloride, 0.5% citron and 0.5% lemon juice were used to freezing point depressing agents. The content of total phenolics was 13.36 mg% at the earlier stage of storage, and then suddenly increased at around 8∼1ldays. At the 11th day, PPO activity of untreated chestnut was 1,152 units, that was higher than any ethers. EO water adding lemon and citron juice showed synergistic effects on the enzyme inhibition, and their PPD activities were 143.3 and 180.22 units after 4 weeks, respectively. Sensory analysis showed that acceptance of peeled chestnuts was dependent on color and taste, which was related to PPO activity and sweetness. The peeled chestnut treated with EO water added citron or lemon juice tended to show the highest score fur acceptance.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.366-369
• /
• 2008

To evaluate the performance of a bipolar packed bed cell (BPBC) filled with granular aluminium, the experiments were carried out in two groups as batch and continuous processes. In a batch process, removal efficiency of total phosphate (T-P) was 88% in case of electrolytic treatment of phosphate solution, T-P 10 mg/L at 6 V during 3 h by BPBC filled with granular aluminium. In a continuous process, residual T-P concentration was about 2 mg/L in case of electrolytic treatment of phosphate solution, 10 mg/L at 6 V, HRT 3 h by BPBC filled with granular aluminium. Break-through point was observed after running for 120 h at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 h.