• Membrane Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 1995

The monolayer characteristics of phosphate amphiphiles with azobenzene at air/water interface were studied by the measurment of $\pi-A$ curves and absorption spectra. Immediately after being spread on the water surface, these amphiphiles having strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions showed the typical absorption spectra which resulted from domain formation. But the aggregated domains could be controlled by changing the subphase conditions (adding bulky salt and rasing pH). Addition of metal ions in subphase changes the molecular orientation of monolayer. As the metal ion charge increases ($1\leq2$ < 3 < 4 valence), the absorption maximum (310nm) of the amphiphile with azobenzene shifts to a longer wavelength (350nm) which means that the orientation of the amphiphile is tilted. These results suggest that the molecular orientation, and furthermore the aggregation state of monolayer can be possibly controlled by the interaction of metal ions with different charge types.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 1995

The authentic hGH converted from met-hGH by immobilized ApM was purified by successive chromatographic processes based on the differences in isoelectric points, hydrophobicities and charges. The final recovery yield was about 14.1% and the specific activity of the purified hGH was 2.75IU per mg when assayed by enzyme immunoassay. The purified hGH was verified to be authentic hGH through the analysis of amino acid composition, amino-terminal amino acid sequence, carboxy-terminal amino acid and tryptic peptide map. The purity of purified hGH was higher than that of commercial hGH when assessed by SDS-PAGE, PAGE, IEF and HSGF. In weight-gain assay and tibia test with hypophysectomized rats, the hGH produced in this study showed the same growth effect as the commercial hGH.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.388-394
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• 2018

Carbon nanotube (CNT) based membranes are promising candidates for separation membranes by showing high water transport rate and ion rejection rate according to their radii. The ion selectivity is an important factor to discover the full potential of CNT membranes, and it is affected by the functionalization of CNTs. With multivalent/size ion mixtures, the ion selectivity is affected by not only ion-functional groups interaction but also ion-ion interactions and ion size exclusion in a complex manner. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the ion selectivity of functionalized carbon nanotubes when multivalent/size ions are contained. The permeation energy barriers are calculated by plotting potential of mean force profiles, and various factors, such as CNT size and partial charges, affecting ion selectivity are investigated. The results presented here will be useful for designing CNT membranes for ion separation, biomimetic ion channels, etc.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.479-486
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• 2021

In this paper, an ultra small phase locked loop (PLL) with a single capacitor loop filter has been proposed by adding a signal sensing circuit (SSC). In order to extremely reduce the size of the PLL, the passive element loop filter, which occupies the largest area, is designed with a very small single capacitor (2pF). The proposed PLL is designed to operate stably by the output of the internal negative feedback loop including the SSC acting as a negative feedback to the output of the single capacitor loop filter of the external negative feedback loop. The SSC that detects the PLL output signal change reduces the excess phase shift of the PLL output frequency by adjusting the capacitance charge of the loop filter. Although the proposed structure has a capacitor that is 1/78 smaller than that of the existing structure, the jitter size differs by about 10%. The PLL is designed using a 1.8V 180nm CMOS process and the Spice simulation results show that it works stably.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.503-508
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• 2023

Tryptane derivatives are substances that treat acute migraines, and many studies have been conducted on analysis methods such as chromatography, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and capillary electrophysiology. Recently, analytical chemists have become more interested in drug analysis and solving fundamental problems of biological importance. Therefore, in this study, the chemical properties of each derivative were investigated by calculating the total energy, band gap, electrostatic potential, and charge of Sumatriptan, Lizatriptan, Naratriptan, and Eletriptan using HyperChem8.0's semi-empirical PM3 method. As a result of this study, in the case of Sumatriptan, Naratriptan, and Eletriptan, chemical reactions are expected to proceed centering on oxygen and nitrogen atoms bonded to sulfur atoms. In addition, in the case of Rizatriptan without a sulfur atom, it was shown that the chemical reaction proceeds at the 17th and 19th nitrogens of the 5-membered heterocyclic compound.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.570-573
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• 2022

This paper presents the identification of void diameters for a cast-resin transformer using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. A PD signal was measured by the Rogowski coil sensor which has the planar and thin structures fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB), and the PD electrode system was fabricated to simulate a PD defect by a void. In addition, void samples with different diameters were fabricated by injecting air in a cylindrical aluminum frame using a syringe during the epoxy curing process. To identify the diameter of void defects, PD characteristics such as the discharge magnitude, pulse count, and phase angle were extracted and back propagation algorithm (BPA) was designed using virtual instrument (VI) based on the Labview program. From the experimental results, the BPA algorithm proposed in this paper has over 90% accurate rate to identify the diameter of void defects and is expected to use reference data of maintenance and replacement of insulation for cast-resin transformers in the on-site PD measurement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.337-337
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• 2009

가시광선영역에서 매우 균일한 높은 투과성뿐만 아니라 근적외선영역에서 가파른 홉수성 엣지와 함께 낮은 투과율을 제공하는 산화구리(II)를 함유하는 포스페이트 유리는 컬러 비디오 카메라의 컬러 보정 필터, 발광 컬러 디스플레이용 보호판(sheild), 모노크로메이터의 미광 필터, 플라스틱 복합재 필터의 무기 성분 및 CCD(전하 결합 소자) 및 CMOS(상보성 금속 산화물 반도체) 카메라 및 검출기 분야용 필터 유리로서 사용된다. 용융온도 및 산화구리(II) 첨가량에 따른 투과율을 측정하기 위해 포스페이트 유리 시료를 $1100\sim1500^{\circ}C$ 용융한 후 $400^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 어닐링 공정을 거쳐 제조하였다. 제조된 시료는 두께 0.3mm로 폴리싱하여 자외선-적외선 분광 광도기를 이용하여 광학적 특성을 측정하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 용융온도에 따라 가시광선영역 및 근적외선영역에서의 투과율 거동을 비교한 결과 $1100\sim1200^{\circ}C$에서의 우수한 투과율 특성을 나타냈다. 용융온도가 내려감에 따른 가시광선영역 (400~600nm)에서 높은 투과율 및 근적외선영역 (750~1100nm)에서 낮은 투과율과 가파른 흡수성 엣지를 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 1996

Intrinsic layers of homoepitaxial InP grown by the hydride vapor phase epitaxy (VPE) technique were investigated by Fourier-transform photoluminescence(FTPL) and variable temperature Hall measurements. The effect of process variables (i.e., source zone temperature and inlet mole fractions of HCl and $PH_{3}$) on the backgroudn impurity levels was investigated. The background carrier concentration was found to decrease with decreasing source zone temperature and increasing HCl, but was relatively independent of $PH_{3}$ for the range of mole fraction studied. The presence of background donors and acceptors was clearly verified in the FTPL spectra, and the major impurities were tentatively identified as Si donors and Zn acceptors as well as some unidentified acceptors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.126-126
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• 2011

삼차원 구조의 낸드 플래시 메모리 소자는 기존 이차원 구조의 메모리 소자를 비례 축소할 때 발생하는 단채널 효과와 간섭효과를 최소화 하면서 집적도를 높일 수 있는 장점 때문에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 삼차원 구조의 낸드 플래시 메모리 소자는 공정 과정이 복잡하고 주변 회로 연결이 어려울 뿐만 아니라 금속 접촉에 필요한 면적이 넓은 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 Vertical-Stacked-Array-Transistor (VSAT) 구조를 갖는 플래시 메모리 소자가 제안되었으나, VSAT 구조 역시 드레인 전류량이 적고 program과 erase 동작 시게이트 양쪽의 전하 트랩층에 전자와 정공을 비효율적으로 포획해야 하는 문제점을 가진다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 VSAT 구조의 문제점을 개선하면서 집적도를 증가한 삼차원 구조의 고집적낸드 플래시 메모리 소자를 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 플래시 메모리 소자의 구조는 기존 VSAT 구조에서 수직 방향의 두 string 사이에 존재하는 polysilicon을 제거하고 두 string 사이에 절연막을 증착하였다. 삼차원 시뮬레이션 툴인 Sentaurus를 사용하여 이 소자의 동작특성을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 소스와 드레인 사이의 유효 채널 길이가 감소하였기 때문에 기존의 VSAT 구조를 갖는 메모리 소자에 비해 turn-on 상태의 드레인 전류가 증가하였다. 제안한 플래시 메모리 소자의 subthreshold swing (SS)가 기존의 VSAT 구조를 갖는 메모리 소자의 SS 에 비해 낮아, 소자의 스위칭 특성이 향상하였다. 프로그램 전후의 문턱전압의 변화량이 기존의 VSAT 구조를 갖는 메모리 소자에 비해 크기 때문에 멀티 레벨 동작이 가능하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.278-280
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• 2004

본 논문의 내용은 다중전극에 전기 중합한 전도성 고분자를 이용하여 약물을 결합한 후 전압 인가에 의한 선택적인 약물방출을 구현하는 것이다. Glass wafer에 anode와 cathode 전극을 제작하고 4개의 anode 전극면에 각각 전기중합으로 전도성 고분자막을 합성하였다. 양이온성 약물인 lidocaine을 결합할 수 있도록 피롤과 함께 도펀트로써 분자량이 큰 DBS를 사용하였으며 고분자막의 이온출입원리를 이용하여 약물을 결합하고 방출하였다. Cyclic voltammogram로부터 PPy(DBS) Polypyrrole (dodecylbenzene sulfonate) 전극의 산화 환원특성 및 전극면에 PPy(DBS) 막이 생성되기 위한 조건을 확인하였고, 그 결과를 토대로 PPy(DBS)막을 3전극 시스템과 Coulometry를 이용하여 전압을 인가하여 합성하였고, 합성전하량으로 부터 PPy(DBS)막의 두께를 알 수 있었다. Lidocaine의 결합 및 방출 시에도 정전압을 이용하였으며 약물의 방출 유무를 확인하기 위하여 UV spectrometer를 사용하였다. 다중전극에 PPy(DBS)막을 1.5um 두께로 합성한 후 lidocaine을 결합시키고 선택적으로 약물을 방출한 결과 각각의 PPy(DBS)막으로부터 $1.4{\sim}1.7mg$의 약물이 방출됨을 확인 할 수 있었다.