• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2005

The silent discharge type ozonizer with three electrodes(central electrode, internal electrode, and external electrode) and one discharge gap(discharge gap between internal electrode and external electrode) has been designed and manufactured. It is a silent discharge type ozonizer for which the AC high frequency voltages applied to the central electrode within vacuum discharge tube and the internal electrode for which the external electrode is a ground Ozone is generated by silent discharge in discharge gap. At the moment, discharge characteristics and ozone generation characteristics were investigated in accordance with vacuum of discharge tube, frequency of AC power source, discharge power of ozonizer, and quantity of supplied oxygen gas. In consequence, ozone characteristics proportional to vacuum of discharge tube and frequency of AC power source. The maximum value of ozone can be obtained 7,700[ppm], 460[mg/h] and 70[g/kwh].

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2005

The superposed discharge type ozonizer of high ozone concentration using vacuum discharge tube has been designed and manufactured. It consists of three electrodes(central electrode, internal electrode, and external electrode) and one discharge gap(discharge gap between internal electrode and external electrode), is a superposed silent discharge type ozonizer for which the AC high voltages applied to the central electrode within discharge tube and the internal electrode has a $180{[^\circ]}$ phase difference and for which the external electrode is a ground. Ozone is generated by overlapping silent discharge between central electrode and external electrode, and silent discharge between internal electrode and external electrode. At the moment, discharge characteristics and ozone generation characteristics were investigated in accordance with vacuum of discharge tube, discharge power of ozonizer, and quantity of supplied oxygen gas. In consequence, high ozone concentration can be obtained 8840[ppm].

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.495-501
• /
• 2011

We present an experimental study of electrical discharge in nanoscale gaps. The discharge occurred between a cathode made of sharpened Pt-Ir wire and a gold-plated anode. Electric discharges were detected for electric potentials from 10 V to 80 V, and their gaps ranged from 50 nm to 800 nm. The spark signals indirectly showed spark phenomena such as discharges or shortages in the system. The sparks and discharges strongly depended on the electric potential (voltage) and the radius of the tips. For small gaps, the electrical discharge was random and strongly depended on the radius of the cathode tips.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.29 no.3C
• /
• pp.127-136
• /
• 2009

The objective of this study is the development and verification of the 4-electrode resistivity probe (4ERP) for the estimation of electrical properties of the saturated soils. The 4ERPs with wedge and plane types are manufactured to obtain the electrical resistivity without polarization at the electrodes by using Wenner array. The wedge type is for the penetration into the soil samples and the plane type is for the installation into the cells used for the laboratory tests. The consolidation tests are carried out by using 6 types of glass beads and 3 types of sands in size. The test results show that the electrical resistivity increases with a decrease in the porosity, and the constant m used in Archie's law is dependent on the particle shape rather particle size. The one dimensional liquefaction tests show that the porosity obtained by the 4ERP is similar to that determined by the volume fraction. The penetration of the 4ERP into the large scale calibration chamber produces the resistivity profiles. This study demonstrates that the 4ERP may effectively estimate the porosity of the saturated soils.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.328-336
• /
• 1999

To characterize the hydro-mechanical behavior of a rock joint, a rotary shear testing apparatus was devised in this study. Shear stress was driven by twisting the end of a sample in the rotary shear testing apparatus. The test results show that the rotary shear test underestimates the peak shear strength of a rock joint. The torque is known as a function of the radial distance from the axis of rotation, resulting in the radial variation of the shear stress. Fluid flow through rock joints is mainly dependent on the Joint roughness, contact area, initial aperture. To examine the dependency, the relationship between the hydraulic and the mechanical apertures for shear-flow was established by measuring the initial aperture. It shows that the mechanical aperture and the hydraulic aperture increase linearly with the dilatancy. The difference between the hydraulic and mechanical apertures describes the deviation from the behavior predicted by the parallel plate model.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1983.07a
• /
• pp.208-209
• /
• 1983

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.258-258
• /
• 2004

전해 가공은 공작물의 기계적 특성과 무관하게, 빠른 속도로 가공할 수 있는 장점이 있으나, 가공 간극이 비교적 넓어 초정밀 가공에는 널리 적용되지 못했다. 최근 Schuster는 초단 펄스를 이용한 전해 가공으로 가공 간극을 수 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 까지 줄일 수 있고 미세 3차원 구조물의 정밀가공에 초단 펄스를 적용할 수 있음을 보였다. 본 논문에서는 초단 펄스를 이용한 미세 흠의 와이어 전해 가공에 대하여 연구하였다. 전극으로는 지름 10$\mu\textrm{m}$ 백금 와이어를 사용하였으며 공작물은 스테인리스 스틸을 사용하였다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.322-322
• /
• 2013

$CO_2$를 $CH_4$와 열 및 전기화학적인 반응을 통해 고농도의 CO 및 $H_2$로 구성된 합성가스로 효율적으로 전환시키기 위해, 반응가스 주입용 간극형 노즐을 가진 비이송식 직류 열플라즈마 토치 시스템을 설계, 제작하고 다양한 조건에서 이 두 가스의 개질 실험을 수행하였다. 설계 제작된 간극형 노즐과 리액터 내 고온 반응 영역을 활용한 $CO_2$ 및 $CH_4$ 반응가스의 효율적인 처리를 통하여, 최고 70% 이상의 $CO_2$ 및 $CH_4$의 전환율과 최고 80% 이상의 CO 및 $H_2$선택도를 달성할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 상기 조건의 경우, 플라즈마 입력 전력 10.6 kW 대비 49 lpm 의 반응가스 처리량을 통하여 얻은 것으로 최고 2.5 mmol/kJ 이상의 Specific Energy Requirement (SER) 조건도 만족할 수 있음을 보였다. 특히, 제안된 막대 음극-반응 가스 주입구를 가진 양극 노즐 플라즈마 토치의 경우, $CH_4$ 반응가스를 음극에 직접 닿지 않도록 간극을 통해 주입하게 함으로써, 반응 가스 분해에 의한 음극 등 전극 부식을 최소화하면서도 고에너지 전자가 풍부한 아크 컬럼에 의해 $CO_2$ 및 $CH_4$의 전환 반응을 효율적으로 일으킬 수 있어 효율적인 $CO_2$ 및 $CH_4$ 개질을 위한 열플라즈마 토치 시스템의 개발이 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2006

We constructed a TEA $N_2$ laser which consists of spark gap, pulse type high voltage power supply, Blumlein transmission line circuit, laser tube with Ernst electrode. We observed the self-preionization with an optical fiber in the spark gap and laser tube. The higher voltage power supplied to the Blumlein transmission line circuit, the better preionization was. An U-type transformer yielded better stability and output power than an I-type transformer. The discharge time after triggering a spark gap for the U-type transformer was also short. We obtained the stability of $2.7\%$ and output power of $36{\mu}J$ when the optimum conditions of the laser operation were spark gap distance of 6.0 mm, electrode distance in laser tube of 5.0 mm, $N_2$ gas flow rate in spark gap of 1500 cc/min, $N_2$ gas flow rate in laser tube of 4 ${\iota}$/min, output window reflectivity of $40\%$ and repetition rate of 10 Hz.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2009

The electrical characteristics of soils have been used for investigating soil properties. The purpose of this study is the development and application of the electrical resistivity cone probe (ERCP) for the evelation of the porosity in the field with high precision. The shape of the probe tip is a cone shape to minimize the disturbance during penetration. In addition, the four terminal pair configuration is adopted to minimize the electrical interference. The electrical resistances are continuously measured during penetration of the ERCP using penetration rigs with 0.33 mm/sec penetration rate at Incheon and Busan sites. With the measured resistance profile and electrical resisivity of electrolyte of undisturbed samples, soil porosity profiles are obtained by using Archie's law. The empirical coefficients for the Archie's law are obtained based on the electrolyte extracted from the undisturbed samples. The estimated porosity profiles show similar trends to those of in-situ penetration tests such as SPT, CPT, and DMT. This study suggests that the ERCP may be an effective tool for the porosity estimation in the field with minimum disturbance.