• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3417-3426
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• 2012

This study aims to determine how ownership structure (share-holding ratio of insiders, foreigners) affects agent costs (the portion of asset efficiency or non-operating expenses) through empirical analysis. However, as existing studies on correlations between ownership structure and agent costs adopted Pooled OLS Model, this study focused on additionally formulating Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model aimed to reflect the time of data formation and corporate effects as study models based on verification results on the suitability of Pooled-OLS Model before comparative analysis for the purpose of improvement of credibility and statistical validity of the results of empirical analysis based on the premise that the Pooled OLS Model is not reliable enough to verify massive panel data. The data has been accumulated over 10 years from 1998 to 2007 after the IMF crisis hit the nation, from a subject 331 companies except for financial institutions. As a result of the empirical analysis, verification of the suitability of model has determined that the Random Effect Model is appropriate in terms of asset efficiency among agent costs items. On the other hand, the Fixed Effect Model is appropriate in terms of non-operating costs. As a result of the empirical analysis according to the appropriate model, no hypothesis adopted in the Pooled OLS Model has been accepted. This suggests that developing an appropriate model is more important than other factors for the purpose of generating statistically significant empirical results by showing that different empirical results are produced according to the type of empirical analysis.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.197-208
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the construct validity of self-evaluated writing scale for students with disabilities who had difficulties in writing. After interpreting the Here's How I Write scale developed by Goldstand et al. (2013), we administered Delphi survey to 40 special education professionals, calculated the content validity ratio and decided the final scale of 21 questions applicable to Korea. Additionally, we carried out the scale to 350 disabled and normal students for testing construct validity. The main results are as follows: For both students with disabilities and without disabilities, the overall internal consistency of scale are higher than .89 and the internal consistency of factors of scale are higher than .66. The confirmative factor analysis using AMOS 21.0 and SPSS 21.0 to verify construct validity showed fit index at relatively satisfactory level for students with disabilities and without disabilities. Furthermore, while there were relatively strong convergent validity and discriminant validity in the sub-factors of scale for students without disabilities, the level of convergent validity and discriminant validity were relatively lower for students with disabilities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2017

물리서식처 분석 하천에서 유량에 따른 수심, 유속, 기층 등의 물리서식처 조건의 변화가 서식처 적합도에 미치는 영향을 수치모의를 통하여 분석하는 방법이다. 기존 물리서식처 분석은 어류를 중심으로 수생태계 평가 및 생태유량산정 등의 다양한 하천관리 문제에 적용되었다. 어류의 경우 수생태계의 최상위 포식자이며 상대적으로 모니터링하기에 용이하고 수생태계에 빠르게 반응하고 이동 및 이주가 단기간에 나타나는 특징이 있다. 또한 상업 및 레크리에이션으로의 활용도가 높기 때문에 사회적인 이목이 어류로 집중되었다. 따라서 많은 연구들이 어류를 중심으로 물리서식처 분석을 실시하였으며, 저서무척추 동물에 대한 분석은 미흡한 실정이다. 저서무척추 동물은 어류의 중요한 먹이원이자 수생태계의 건강성을 나타내는 중요한 지표로 활용되고 있으므로, 수생태계의 통합 및 먹이사슬의 보존을 위하여 저서무척추 동물에 대한 물리서식처 평가는 중요하다. 이 연구의 목표는 하천에서의 저서무척추동물의 군집을 평가할 수 있는 서식처모형을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 저서무척추 동물을 서식기능군에 근거한 기는무리, 붙는무리, 헤엄치는 무리, 굴파는 무리로 분류하여 서식처 적합도 지수를 제하고 보철거 사례에 적용하여 모형의 검증성을 확인하였다.

• Survey Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.113-144
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• 2011

The purposes of the present study were (1) to identify the latent classes depending on youth employees' trajectories in job satisfaction and turnover intention and (2) to test the effects of person-job fit(major fit, education level fit, skill level fit) on job satisfaction and turnover intention using Youth Panel 2001. In order to estimate latent classes of job satisfaction and turnover intention changes simultaneously and study probabilities linking latent class membership in trajectory across the two variables, we applied dual trajectory model, an extension of semi-parametric group-based approach, Results showed that four latent classes were identified for job satisfaction, which were defined, based on the trajectory patterns, as increasing group, decreasing group, medium-level group, and high-level group. And, three latent classes estimated for turnover intention were defined as low-level group, maintaining group, and rapidly decreasing group. To test the effects of person-job fit variables, we added the variables as time-dependant variables to the unconditional latent class model. The effect of education level fit and skill level fit were found significant in the groups which are low in job satisfaction and have high in turnover intention. Findings from this study suggest the need to consider trajectory heterogeneity in the study of youth employees' job satisfaction and turnover intention to capture the dynamic dimension of overlap between the two constructs.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.2
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• pp.175-180
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• 2001

This paper presents the optimal fraction of validation set to obtain a prediction accuracy of software failure count or failure time in the future by a neuro-fuzzy system. Given a fixed amount of training data, the most popular effective approach to avoiding underfitting and overfitting is early stopping, and hence getting optimal generalization. But there is unresolved practical issues : How many data do you assign to the training and validation set\ulcorner Rules of thumb abound, the solution is acquired by trial-and-error and we spend long time in this method. For the sake of optimal fraction of validation set, the variant specific fraction for the validation set be provided. It shows that minimal fraction of the validation data set is sufficient to achieve good next-step prediction. This result can be considered as a practical guideline in a prediction of software reliability by neuro-fuzzy system.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2013

This study it to verify the validity of Korean version of DELES (distance education learning environment survey) and analyze its relationship with learning achievement and distance education satisfaction. The target population of this study is students of K cyber university and a total of 254 cases are used for the analysis. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is applied to verify 6 factors of DELES and structural equation analysis is applied to examine the relationship between distance education learning environment and learning achievement and distance education satisfaction. The study result shows that DELES is composed of six factors such as instructor support, student interaction & collaboration, personal relevance, authentic learning, active learning and student autonomy and its model fits are appropriate. The result of structural equation analysis shows distance education learning environment significantly influences distance education satisfaction directly as well as indirectly mediated by learning achievement. Learning achievement also significantly influences distance education satisfaction. Conclusions and implications are followed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.11c
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• pp.2007-2010
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• 2002

본 연구는 UML(Unified Modeling Language) 표준에 의해 작성된 객체지향 다이어그램의 일관성과 정확성을 검증하는 방법에 관한 연구이다. 일관성은 하나의 요구사항으로 표현된 여러 가지 UML 다이어그램이 통일된 의미로 표현되었는가를 나타내는 성질이고, 정확성은 사용자가 작성한 다이어그램이 UML 표준에 적합하게 작성이 되었는가를 나타내는 성질이다. 정확성을 검증하기 위해서는 관계를 가지는 다이어그램들의 관계요소를 파악할 필요가 있다. 메타모델을 유도한 후에는 각 메타모델을 기초로 일관성 및 정확성 검증 규칙을 유도해 내고 검증의 자동화를 위하여 정형적 명세로 표현한다. 본 연구에서는 다이어그램별로 작성한 메타모델에서 규칙을 유도하고 그러한 규칙을 OCL(Obiect Constraint Language) 형태로 표현하여 검증하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.32-37
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• 1997

안전조치 측면에서 관심의 대상이 되어온 중수형 원전의 건식저장고 및 사용후 핵연료 이송 검증을 위한 안전조치 접근방법이 국가 계량관리 검사의 이행을 위하여 개발되었다. 이는 IAEA 사찰장비를 활용하지 못하는 우리나라의 현실을 반영하여 자체 개발된 비파괴검증장비가 이용되며, IAEA 안전조치 기준을 만족시킬 것으로 기대된다. 건식저장고에 대한 국가 계량관리 검사기준은 자체 개발된 비파괴검증장비와 봉인에 의존하는 기준이 제안되었으며, 검증활동은 시설운영자의 부담경감을 위하여 IAEA 사찰이 실시되는 기간동안 동시에 실시되도록 되어 있다. Transfer campaign 검증을 위하여 3명의 국가 계량관리 검사관이 검증활동에 참여하게 되며, 이를 통하여 이송작업의 연속성 유지 및 시설운영자의 부담경감 등이 달성됨과 함께 사참량의 감소가 기대된다. 본 논문은 국가 계량관리 검사의 시작과 함께 현실적인 어려움을 극복하면서, IAEA의 안전조치 기준을 만족하는 안전조치 접근방법을 제시하고 있으며, 안전조치 목적을 보다 적합하게 달성할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.265-275
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that determined the adoption of digital textbook among elementary and middle school teachers, and to propose and validate a revised Technology Acceptance Model. The study was grounded in the innovation diffusion theory and the attribute factors proposed in the theory were used in the model. More specifically, observability, compatibility, and subjective norms were proposed as external factors and usefulness, easy of use, intention to use were proposed as internal factors in the proposed model. It was found that (a) observability, compatibility, and subjective norms were the main external factors that influenced the teachers' intention to use digital textbook and (b) the revised TAM was validated.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2008

본 연구는 여대생의 건강증진행위를 설명하기 위하여, 문헌고찰을 통해 가설적 모형을 도출하고, 여대생을 대상으로 건강증진행위를 횡단적으로 조사하여 모형의 적합성과 모형에서 제시된 가설을 검증하는 서술적 상관관계 연구이다. 연구에 사용된 변수는 건강증진행위와 관련된 선행 문헌의 고찰을 근거로 선정되었으며, 총 280명의 자료가 최종 분석에 이용되었다. 설문지는 Pender의 건강증진모형을 기초로 하여 개발하였으며, 조정요인 5문항, 건강상태 지각 3문항, 건강 통제위 4문항, 자아 존중감 5문항, 건강증진 행위 24문항의 총 41문항으로 구성하여 사용하였다. 개발된 항목에 대하여 간호대학생들을 대상으로 사전 조사를 실시하여 최종적인 설문지를 완성하였다. 본 연구모형에 대한 구성개념의 파악을 위해서 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였고, 측정항목에 대한 요인별 단일 차원성 확인 및 통계적 검정을 위해 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 가설검증을 위해 공변량 구조분석을 실시하였다. 모형의 적합도는 카이제곱은 244.04(자유도=121, p<0.001), GFI=0.91, CFI=0.97, NNFI=0.96, RMSR= 0.022으로 나타났다. 분석결과 여대생의 자아존중감과 내적통제위는 건강상태지각 및 건강증진행위에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 확인되었으며, 여대생의 건강상태지각은 건강증진행위에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.