• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.475-480
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• 2024

As Internet of Things (IoT) technology is being used in all industries, the importance of secure and convenient firmware update technology is increasing. However, conventional FOTA (Firmware Over-The-Air) technology has a problem because the security is weak when updating firmware with a single path, and strong encryption technology cannot be utilized. Therefore, this study proposes a secure FOTA (S-FOTA) mechanism for lightweight IoT and adaptive S-FOTA ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) mechanism. This adaptive S-FOTA ARQ mechanism considers the case where the original file cannot be recovered because of the increase in lost files due to the congested channel state and compares and analyzes the conventional method in terms of security, complexity, and transmission speed. Experimental results show that S-FOTA with 40 encrypted files reduced the attacker's attack success rate by at least 62.58% and up to 99.99%, and S-FOTA with 40% of the total number of encrypted file segments takes at least 996.39% more time on average and up to 3374.99% more time than conventional FOTA. In addition, the transmission speed of the adaptive S-FOTA ARQ mechanism was at least 63.16% and up to 2736.36% higher than that of the conventional S-FOTA, and at least 53.89% and up to 70.89% higher than that of the conventional ARQ mechanism.