• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.100-115
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• 1999

본 연구는 기업이 기술제품을 도입한 후에 내부에 확산시키려고 하는 실행단계에서 직면하는 혁신저항에 영향을 미치는 요인과 혁신저항을 줄이고 확산을 증진시키는 확산촉진활동을 설명하여 2B 마케팅 상황에서 기술제품의 조직내 혁신저항-확산모델을 도출하였다. 기업에서 기술제품을 조직내에 확산시킬 때는 구성원들의 혁신저항을 접하게 된다. 소비자 행동에서는 혁신저항에 영향을 주는 변수로 개인변수와 제품변수를 제시하고 있지만 2B 마케팅에서는 조직구조변수와 구매센터변수가 추가적으로 영향을 주게 된다. 중앙집권화, 공식화정도가 높은 기업에서는 구성원들이 혁신저항을 가지면서도 사용할 수 있다. 이러한 경우에는 판매기업과 구매기업의 관계가 단기적인 관계로만 그칠 수 있다. 또한 구매센터 참여정도가 적고 구매센터가 집중화되어 있으면 혁신저항이 커지고 단기적인 관계만 형성될 가능성이 커진다. 그리고 제품의 지각된 위험, 적합성에 따라 혁신저항의 정도가 달라질 것이다. 그리고 사용자 개인의 지각된 자기능력, 현 제품의 만족도 등이 의미있는 조절 변수 역할을 할 것이다. 그러므로 장기적인 관계로 이어지기 위해서는 혁신저항을 줄이는 교육훈련, 제품개선, 부서간 조정, 개인적 동기 부여와 같은 확산촉진활동이 있어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 판매기업과 경영자들은 기술제품에 대한 혁신저항을 극복하고 제품을 확산시킬 수 있는 학문적, 관리적 시사점을 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.12 no.1 s.34
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

The effect of trimming process to adjust accurate resistance of a thin-film resistor was studied with respect to low temperature coefficient of resistance(TCR) and high precision. The characteristics of a thin-film resistor fabricated by sputtering were investigated depending on trimming condition and annealing temperature. Measured results showed that the characteristic of a thin-film resistor was degraded with increased trimming speed. However, an average resistance deviation and a TCR were improved to $0.26\%$ and 52.77[ppm/K], respectively, through annealing treatment. Also, thin-film resistors with 1 k$\Omega$ and 10k$\Omega$ showed better performance compared to a resistor with 100k$\Omega$. The Optimal trimming speed and annealing temperature were 20mm/sec and 539K, respectively, and under this optimal condition, a thin-film resistor with an average resistance deviation of $0.31\%$ and a TCR of below 10[ppm/K] was obtained.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.298-304
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• 2002

The inheritance of resistance to gall mite(Eriophys macrodonis) in boxthorn cultivars was studied with plants infected in open field. Segregation of the F$_1$ generation from crosses between resistant cultivars(Japan 1 and China 1) and susceptible line(CL42-56) hits a 3 resistant : 1 susceptible ratio, and the segregation ratio was 15 : 1 in cross between Japan 1 and China 1. It is concluded that gall mite resistance seemed to be controlled by two duplicate genes(El and E2), such that E1e1E2e2 symbolize the genotypes of China 1 and Japan 1. However, F, generation from Chungyanggugiza and CL42-56 cross did not showed clear segregation pattern but continuous variation was observed against gall mite resistance when resistance was determined on the basis of the percentage of galled leaves. Results indicated that the inheritance of resistance in Chungyanggugiza may be polygenic and complex. Also, Japan 1 and China 1 has a strong potential as a source of gall mite resistance, and Chungyanggugiza showing less resistance still has a valuable source.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.350-360
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• 2008

Electrical resistivity is one of physical property of the earth and measured by electrical resistivity survey, electrical resistivity logging and laboratory test. Recently, electrical resistivity is widely used in determination of rock quality in support pattern design of road and railway tunnel construction sites. To get more reliable rock quality data from electrical resistivity, it needs a lot of test and study on correlation of resistivity and rock quality. Firstly, we did rock property test in laboratory, such as P wave velocity, Young's modulus, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and electrical resistivity. We correlate each test results and we found out that electrical resistivity has highly related to P wave velocity, Young's modulus and UCS. Next, we accomplished electrical resistivity survey in field site and carried out electrical resistivity logging at in-situ area. We also performed rock classification, such as RQD, RMR and Q-system and we correlate electrical resistivity to RMR data. We found out that electrical resistivity logging data are highly correlate to RMR. Also we found out that electrical resistivity survey data are lower than electrical resistivity logging data when there are faults or fractures. And it cause electrical resistivity survey data to lowly correlate to RMR.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2004

This paper describes the physical properties of the factors controlling the electrical resistivity of the subsurface. Resistivities of various types of soil and rock samples saturated with sodium chloride solutions having nine different concentrations were measured, and the measured resistivities of these samples were compared with calculated resistivities obtained using the conventional empirical formulas. From the results obtained, we observed that the resistivity of the soil and rock samples increases with increasing in pore-fluids resistivity regardless of the media type. However, between 20 and 200 ohm-m, which is the normal range of resistivity of groundwater, the resistivity of the pore-fluids have little or no effect on the resistivities of the samples used. Below 10 ohm-m, the resistivities of the samples are mainly controlled by the pore-fluids, whereas, in the normal range of resistivity of groundwater, the sample resistivities are controlled by their intrinsic matrix resistivity more than by the pore-fluids resistivity. Also, the measured resistivity of rock and soil samples having more than $20\%$ clay contents showed a good agreement with the calculated resistivity using the parallel resistance model whereas, the calculated resistivities of glass beads correlate with that obtained using Archie's formula. When the pore-fluid resistivity is high, the computation of the resistivity values of the samples using the Archie's formula could not be carried out. Through this study, we were able to confirm that the tests are only applicable to the parallel resistance model considering the intrinsic matrix resistivity within the normal resistivity range of groundwater in the subsurface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2017

노지 고추 수확작업은 100% 인력에 의존하고 있으며 7~9월에 걸쳐 5~6회의 다수의 작업이 수행되어 노동 강도가 크다. 또한 농촌의 고령화와 노동력 감소로 인하여 수확인력의 부족이 발생하고 있음에도 불구하고 시중에 유통되고 있는 고추 및 노지채소 수확작업 편이기기는 동력이 아닌 인력으로 이랑사이를 이동하며 작물을 수확하는 구조로 되어있다. 이는 노동 강도를 줄여주는 효과가 미미하기 때문에 동력이 수반된 편이장치가 필요하며 또한 적절한 모터 및 제어장치가 요구된다. 적절한 모터를 선정함에 있어서 영향을 주는 인자는 주행저항(RR)이며, 구성요소로는 구름마찰저항(Rr), 공기저항(RА), 등판저항(Rg), 가속저항(Ra)이 있으며, 다음과 같은 식으로 정의된다. 주행저항(RR)=구름마찰저항(Rr)+공기저항(RA)+등판저항(Rg)+가속저항(Ra) 구름마찰저항(Rr)=구름마찰저항계수(${\mu}$)${\times}$차량총중량(W) 등판저항(Rg)=차량총중량(W)${\times}Sin{\theta}$ 공기저항(RА), 및 가속저항(Ra)은 1m/s 미만의 속도가 요구되기 때문에 무시할 수 있다. 동력원에서 최종 구동축으로 전달된 동력은 주행장치를 통하여 지면에 전달되고 이 동력에 의해 작업차의 주행장치에 추진력이 발생하며 주행장치의 추진력이 주행저항 이상이 될 때 작업차는 전진하게 된다. 따라서 작업차의 주행속도를 V(m/s), 전동기의 효율을 ${\mu}_m$, 동력전달효율을 ${\mu}_{TD}$라고 하면 다음과 같은 식이 산출된다. 전동기의 소요출력(P)=주행저항(RR)${\times}$속도(V)/전동기의 효율(${\mu}_m$)${\times}$동력전달효율(${\mu}_{TD}$) 구름마찰계수를 0.3이라고 할 때 포장의 경사도와 작업차의 주행속도 변화에 따른 주행소요 동력을 비교하였다. 주행소요동력은 포장의 경사각과 주행속도의 증가와 더불어 증가한다. 고추 및 노지채소 수확작업 편이장치의 작업시 요구되는 주행속도는 일반적으로 0.25m/s, 등반각은 5도이다. 이때 구동 전동기의 출력은 안전율을 고려하여 식에 의해 계산한 결과 1ps으로 산출 되었다. 선정한 구동모터의 감속비는 7.18 : 1, 에너지의 효율은 78 %, 기동토크는14 N/m 이며, 축전지의 경우 구동모터에 기반 하여 구입이 간편하고 상용화 되어있는 연축전지를 사용하여 교체 및 수리가 간단하도록 하였다. 축전지는 12V 18Ah의 축전지 2개를 사용한다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 1994

Acifluorfen-tolerant cell lines of S, ptycanthum were isolated by stepwise selection using suspension culture. Growth of unselected line was completely inhibited at $0.5\;\mu\textrm{M}$, while some selected lines grew at $8\;\mu\textrm{M}$ acifluorfen. After subculturing on acifluorfen-free medium for 4 passages, six of the eleven cell lines screened and maintained their tolerance to $2\;\mu\textrm{M}$ acifluorfen. The regeneration capacity of selected cell lines in Solanum ptycanthum differed depending on the tell line. The acifluorfen tolerance of the somarclones regenerated from acifluorfen-tolerant cell lines differed depending on the somarclone. When plants were heated with $16\;\mu\textrm{M}$ acifluorfen, unselected control plane had over 75% phytotoxicity Many selected cell lines had less phytotoxicity than the seed-grown control plants. Tolerance to acifluorfen was inherited to the self-pollinated progenies. The inheritance patterns differed depending on the clone. Acifluorfen tolerance was inherited as a semidominant trait. Other segregation patterns were also observed. acifluorfen tolerance was recessive and acifluorfen sensitivity was dominant.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.62-71
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• 2019

We conducted DC resistivity and MT survey to obtain the resistivity structure of the central Myanmar basin. We tried to analyze the underground structure through the resistivity variation of Myanmar by performing representative geophysical survey methods because researches on the electrical resistivity structure are insufficient in Myanmar. The electrical resistivity is expected to be low considering the marine sedimentary rocks composed of shale and sandstone in this area. The DC resistivity and MT survey were carried out using SmartRho of Geolux Co., Ltd. and MTU-5A of Phoenix geophysics Ltd., respectively, to visualize the electrical resistivity structure of study area. DC resistivity and MT survey showed an electrical resistivity less than dozens of ohm-m within the depth of 100 m. In particular, MT survey data were almost similar to TM and TE modes in the frequency range above 1 Hz. The two-dimensional inversion of MT data showed a subsurface structure with low resistivity below 150 ohm-m divided into east-west direction. We confirmed that the inversions of DC resisitivity and MT data along an overlapped survey line represented similar results. In the future, considering the high electrical conductivity, it would be effective to perform DC resistivity and MT survey simultaneously to study the electrical resistivity structure of the central Myanmar basin.

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• s.263
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• pp.22-25
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• 2010

농약회사, 대학 및 연구소, 농업기관 농업인으로 HRAC조직을 구성하여, 저항성잡초의 발생원인 규명, 저항성잡초에 대한 대책방안 제시, 저항성잡초관리요령의 대농민 홍보 및 교육, 조기진단 시스템구축, 최적의 농약살포 방법 모색 및 시행 등으로 구성원간의 상호 연계하여 필요시에는 역할을 분담하여 효율적으로 운영할 필요가 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.539-545
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• 2014

Contact resistivity between silver electrodes and the emitter layer of a silicon solar cell wafer has been measured using either the circular transmission line method or the linear transmission line method. The circular transmission line method has an advantage over the linear transmission line method, in that it does not require an additional process for mesa etching to eliminate the leakage current. In contrast, the linear transmission line method has the advantage that its specimen can be acquired directly from a silicon solar cell. In this study, measured resistance data for the calculation of contact resistivity is compared for these two methods, and the mechanism by which the linear transmission line method can more realistically reflect the impact of the width and thickness of a silver electrode on contact resistivity is investigated.