• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.185-185
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• 2009

관절와 및 상완골의 의미 있는 골결손을 동반한 불안정한 견관절에 대해 어떻게 최선의 치료를 할 것인가에 대한 의문은 남아있다. 어떤 저자들은 외회전과 외전을 제한하는 것으로 Hill-Sachs 병변의 진입을 예방하는 일종의 관혈적 관절낭 변위를 통한 제한된 상완와관절 운동을 주장해왔으며, 다른 관혈적 시술들은 극하근건과 관절낭을 Hill-Sachs 병변 내로 관혈적 전이시키는 것으로 기술되어왔다. 최근에는 여러 저자들에 의해 Hill-Sachs 병변의 진입을 치료하는 더 새로운 접근법들이 기술되었으며, Bankart 병변 복원술에 더하여 Hill-Sachs 병변을 채우기 위해 관절경 하 후방 관절낭 고정술과 극하근건 고정술로 이루어진 이른바 'Remplissage'술기가 소개된 바 있어, 이에 저자는 외상성 견관절 불안정성으로 관절경 하 Bankart 병변 복원술 및 관절낭 축화술 시행 후 외상으로 재발된 견관절 불안정성이 발생하여 관절경 하 Bankart 병변 복원술과 함께'Remplissage'술기를 이용한 Hill-Sachs 병변 복원술을 시행한 예를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2014

Ethanol-based dry shampoo may provide an important and valuable resource in convenience for patients and busy people due to the unnecessity of water to wash out. In this research, ethanol-based dry shampoo was prepared by simple mixing of specific detergent materials and different contents of ethanol. Cytotoxicity was examined by the MTT assay to determine less-irritative materials of detergent and shampoo. Patch test on skin was performed to figure out the degree of skin irritation and also antimicrobial effect was examined by the eradication of bacteria. As a result, it was confirmed that ethanol-based dry shampoo had non-cytotoxicity as well as an antibiotic effect. Therefore, ethanol-based dry shampoo will be able to provide esthetic and hygienic hair treatment purposes with cleanliness and convenience.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2019

Nail polish is used to decorate nail beautifully however, it contains lots of toxic materials. Generally, Nail polish consists of film-forming agent, colorant, solvent, surfactant and stabilizer. In this study, to replace toxic chemicals to low irritative, eco-friendly ingredients, we prepared 4 kinds of nail polish and tested safety, stability and performance. Nail polish including shellac/gelatin showed best performance in water-resistance, friability and drying time. When cell toxicity test is done by MTT assay, shellac-gelatin nail polish showed over 70% cell viability at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ whereas control nail polish in market showed 50% cell viability. At 4 weeks temperature stability test, color was stable at low temperature however it needs formulation improvement at higher temperature.

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.110
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• pp.14-17
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• 1992

소설가는 지금 영화나 방속극에서 대본작가가 맡은 것과 비슷한 역할을 맡을 것이다. 이미 우리사회에서 가장 큰 영향력을 지닌 작가들은 텔레비전 연속극 작가들이라는 주장을 펼 수도 있는 상황이 되었다. 시인은 노래의 가사를 만드는 일에 힘을 쏟게 될 것이고, 평론가는 그런 예술작품들의 비평자라기보다는 소개자가 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.192-198
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• 2006

The general consensus is that tibial eminence fractures have an excellent prognosis. But symptomatic nonunions requiring reduction and grafting have been reported. This report presents two cases of nonunion after tibial eminence fracture in eight years old boys which were treated with arthroscopy-guided reattachment and internal fixation and obtained good outcome.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2012

The safety of cosmetics or cosmetic ingredients on human skin is generally evaluated by visual assessment but some early subtle skin changes may not be noticed by the naked eyes. Thus, the present study was conducted to detect skin reactions induced by mildly irritating cosmetic ingredients by using a laser Doppler perfusion imager (LDPI) method that measures blood flow, a $Vapometer^{(R)}$ that measure strans epidermal water loss (TEWL), and a spectrophotometer that measures the skin color as the erythema values ($a^*$). Visual assessment showed that all tested oils and humectants except propylene glycol belong to the low skin irritation ranges (grades 0+ to 2.9+) while all tested surfactants and propylene glycol belong to the moderate-to strong-skin irritation ranges (grades 3+ to 5+). Among three instrumental methods, TEWL assessment appeared to be more sensitive than spectrophotometric or LDPI method and suitable for the detection of subtle skin response invisible to the naked eye (grades 0+ to 2.9+). Skin reactions of grade 3+ to 5+ could be detected by all three instrumental methods. In conclusion, the current study suggested that the sub-clinical skin reactions due to mild irritants contained in cosmetics can be best assessed by TEWL measurements.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2009

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most common iatrogenic complications induced by assisted reproductive technology. Hydrothorax develops in about 10 percent of patients with severe OHSS and it is usually associated with marked ascites. On the other hand, severe hydrothorax without marked ascites is uncommon, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. We recently experienced a case of severe unilateral hydrothorax with minimal ascites induced by quintuplet pregnancy following intrauterine insemination with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Severe hydrothorax was resolved after only conservative and symptomatic management without invasive procedure such as thoracentesis or paracentesis. We report this case with brief review of literature.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.94-102
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• 2001

The urban land is incapacitated to grow and correspond to demand the space in urban area. And recently, rapid increasing of population and complex of urban function on pushed to develop the underground space. In Korea, the underground space development in inefficient in aspect. because development of underground space have not consistent and systematic planning method in underground environment inclounding interion design, extererior design. Therefore this study is suggested the design element for comfortable underground living environment and assortment on utilization of underground space. The results of this study on utilization are security of space through land use efficiency, conservation of historical place, building and natural environment, and technological characteristics, mental image. Accordingly, this study is proposed design element that make comfortable underground space as aspect from stimulation and diversity, sapciousness and feeling of warmth and dryness to compensate improper image of underground space, spacial orientation and way finding.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.1 s.49
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• pp.43-49
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• 2005

Recently, according as people who have sensitive skin increase, we've been giving more importance to the safety of cosmetics. Especially, preservative is known to be one of the main stimuli which cause side-effects of cosmetics. However, there have been few reports describing cell cytotoxicity, skin penetration, oil-aqueous phase partition, anti-microbial activity of preservatives and their correlation with skin irritation. The study is aimed to develop low irritable preservative system with phenoxyethanol, one of the most commonly used preservatives in cosmetics, considering various factors mentioned above. According to our results of cell cytotoxicity against human normal fibroblasts by means of MTT assay, phenoxyethanol showed the lowest cytotoxicity when compared to other preservatives tested (cytotoxicity: pro-pylparaben > butylparaben > ethylparaben > methylparaben > triclosan > phenoxyethanol), but human patch test for assessing shin primary irritation revealed that phenoxyethanol has higher skin irritation than methylparaben and triclosan. We performed in vitro skin penetration test using horizontal Franz diffusion cells with skin membrane prepared from hairless mouse (5 ${\~}$ 8 weeks, male) to evaluate the rate of skin penetration of preservatives. From the results, we found that the higher irritable property of phenoxyethanol in human skin correlates with its predominant permeability (skin penetration: phenoxyethanol > methylparaben > ethylparaben > propylparaben > butylfaraben > triclosan). Therefore, we made an effort to reduce skin permeability of phenoxyethanol and found that not only the rate of skin penetration of phenoxyethanol but also its skin irritation is dramatically reduced in formulas containing oils with low polarity. In the experiments to investigate the effect of oil polarity on the oil-aqueous phase partition of phenoxyethanol, more than $70\%$ of phenoxyethanol was partitioned in aqueous phase in formulas containing oils with low polarity, while about $70 {\~} 90\%$ of phenoxyethanol was partitioned in oil phase in formulas containing oils with high polarity. Also, in aqueous phase phenoxyethanol showed greater anti-microbial activity. Conclusively, it appears that we can develop less toxic preservative system with reduced use dosage of phenox-yethanol and its skin penetration by changing oil composition in formulas.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.161-169
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• 2011

To develop a new natural cosmetic hair care product for scalp treatment, we investigated the effect of enzyme modified (Viscozyme, Pectinex) oriental medical prescriptions on hair growth and melanogenesis. Enzyme modified oriental medical prescriptions showed the antioxidative effect, inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase activity and $5{\alpha}$-reductase activity and melanogenic activity. In human irritation test, they did not show any adverse effect. Based on these results, we suggest that enzyme modified oriental medical prescriptions may potentially be used in a cosmeceutical hair care product for scalp treatment.