• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.37-48
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate how the rainfall field effect on a runoff simulation using grid radar rainfall data and ground gauge rainfall. The Gwangdeoksan radar and ground-gauge rainfall data were used to estimate a spatial rainfall field, and a hydrologic model was used to evaluate whether the rainfall fields created by each method reproduced a realistically valid spatial and temporal distribution. Pilot basin in this paper was the Naerin stream located in Inje-gun, Gangwondo, 250m grid scale digital elevation data, land cover maps, and soil maps were used to estimate geological parameters for the hydrologic model. For the rainfall input data, quantitative precipitation estimation(QPE), adjusted radar rainfall, and gauge rainfall was used, and then compared with the observed runoff by inputting it into a $Vflo^{TM}$ model. As a result of the simulation, the quantitative precipitation estimation and the ground rainfall were underestimated when compared to the observed runoff, while the adjusted radar rainfall showed a similar runoff simulation with the actual observed runoff. From these results, we suggested that when weather radars and ground rainfall data are combined, they have a greater hydrological usability as input data for a hydrological model than when just radar rainfall or ground rainfall is used separately.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.441-441
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• 2022

국내외적으로 정확한 수문기상 현상의 관측에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 이를 위하여 기존의 재래식 관측장비의 한계성을 극복하고자 첨단장비가 활발하게 도입되고 있다. 우리나라는 관악산 기상레이더를 시작으로 하천 및 도심지의 돌발홍수 정보를 제공하고자 강우레이더 신설을 진행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 하천유역조사 사업에서 티센다각형법을 이용하여 유역단위 면적평균강수량을 산정하는 경우 영동권역과 같이 지상관측소 밀집도 부족으로 인하여 발생하는 강수량의 공간적 편차를 정량적으로 검토하고자 전국 하천유역에 대하여 1.5km Constant Altitude PPI(CAPPI) 합성장의 레이더 강수량을 활용한 유역단위 면적평균강수량을 산정하고 지상 강수량과 통계적 적합도(goodness of fit)를 평가하였다. 지상 강수량을 활용한 유역단위 면적평균강수량과 레이더 강수량은 높은 상관성을 나타내었으나 관측기법의 특성으로 발생하는 정량적 편의(bias) 보정의 필요성을 확인하였다. 시공간적으로 고해상도의 레이더 강수정보를 활용하기 위하여 활용 목적에 적합한 레이더 강수량 보정기법의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 대용량 레이더 자료를 안정적으로 처리할 수 있는 플랫폼 및 레이더 강수량 품질관리 체계 구축을 통하여 수문조사 및 수문해석 지원이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.226-226
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• 2017

최근 국지성 집중호우 및 돌발홍수와 같은 급격한 기상변화로 인한 기상재해의 발생빈도가 증가함에 따라 고해상도의 기상레이더 강수자료를 사용한 수공학 분야의 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 레이더 강수자료를 수문분석에 활용하는 목적은 레이더 강수량이 제공하는 공간분포를 최대한 활용하는데 있다. 기상레이더는 광범위한 영역에 대하여 시공간적으로 연속적인 관측이 가능하므로 지상 강수자료에 비하여 고해상도의 강수자료를 확보하는데 이점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 고해상도의 레이더 강수자료의 공간분포 특성을 유지하면서 지상 강수자료의 양적특성을 유지할 수 있는 조건부 합성기법을 개발하였다. 레이더 강수자료와 지상 강수자료를 조건부 합성하기 위하여 널리 활용되고 있는 Kriging, 역거리 가중법 및 Spline 보간법을 적용하였다. 조건부 합성결과는 지상 강수패턴을 현실성 있게 재현하였다. 추가적으로 미계측 지점으로 간주하여 보간법에 적용되지 않은 강수자료와 조건부 합성기법 결과에 대하여 교차검증을 수행한 결과 조건부 합성기법을 통한 강수정보는 수문분석에 직접적으로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 향후 초단기 레이더 강수예측기법과 연계하여 수문모형의 입력 자료로 활용한다면 보다 진보된 수문해석이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.66-66
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• 2022

아날로그 기법은 대표적인 공간상세화 기법 중 하나로써, 과거 기상 현상이 미래 재현된다는 가정 하에 목표 시점과 가장 유사한 기상패턴을 보이는 과거 시점을 활용하여 공간상세화를 수행하는 방법이다. 상세화 목표 시점과 가장 유사한 과거 시점을 찾기 위해서는 선결되어야 하는 매개변수가 존재한다. 특히 상세화 성능에 민감한 것으로 알려진 매개변수로는 목표 시점과 유사한 과거 시점 탐색에 활용되는 시공간 범위, 상세화 변수와 역학적 관계를 가지고 있는 종관기상변수, 상세화에 활용되는 과거 시점의 개수 등이 있다. 아날로그 기법의 매개변수를 탐색하고자 하는 시도는 국외에서 여러 차례 진행되어 왔으나, 각 매개변수는 지역의 기상특징에 따라 상이한 결과를 나타내었다. 국내에서는 국외에서 수행한 탐색 결과를 활용하여 공간상세화를 주로 수행하여 왔지만, 보다 높은 성능의 상세화를 수행하기 위해서는 국내 지역에 맞는 매개변수를 활용하는 것이 타당하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 지역에 적합한 아날로그 공간상세화 매개변수를 탐색하고 이를 제시하고자 한다. 탐색된 매개변수는 아날로그 공간상세화 기법뿐만 아니라 다양한 공간상세화 기법에 활용하능한 정보이기 때문에, 연구결과의 활용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.147-157
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• 2020

Mass change in the Antarctic Ice Sheet(AIS) is the most important indicator of changes in Earth's climate system including global mean sea level rise that are largely affected by ongoing global warming. In this study, AIS mass variations are examined with satellite gravity data and outputs from a regional climate model. The analysis of gravity data shows that along the coastal region the Western AIS has experienced a continuous and significant ice loss while a slight increasing in the Eastern AIS during the study period (2002.08-2016.08). The temporal and spatial variations in ice mass changes are recovered by a regional climate model, but the recovered amplitudes are much smaller than those of observations. This under-estimation is remarkably resolved by modifying a base flow field for the ice discharge. The recovered estimates based on the ice-flow field can explain about 97% of the rate of mass change in observations before 2009. This implies that changes in ice flow dynamics along the coast line plays a pivotal role in regulating long-term budget of ice mass in AIS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Various techniques for bias correction and statistical downscaling have been developed to overcome the limitations related to the spatial and temporal resolution and error of climate change scenario data required in various applied research fields including agriculture and water resources. In this study, the characteristics of three different statistical dowscaling methods (i.e., SQM, SDQDM, and BCSA) provided by AIMS were summarized, and climate change scenarios produced by applying each method were comparatively evaluated. In order to compare the average rainfall characteristics of the past period, an index representing the average rainfall characteristics was used, and the reproducibility of extreme weather conditions was evaluated through the abnormal climate-related index. The reproducibility comparison of spatial distribution and variability was compared through variogram and pattern identification of spatial distribution using the average value of the index of the past period. For temporal reproducibility comparison, the raw data and each detailing technique were compared using the transition probability. The results of the study are presented by quantitatively evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of each method. Through comparison of statistical techniques, we expect that the strengths and weaknesses of each detailing technique can be represented, and the most appropriate statistical detailing technique can be advised for the relevant research.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.728-749
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• 2013

When it comes to museumification, it has often been approached in terms of false history, placelessness or simulacra. However, this research aims at exploring the relation between the bodily-spatial performance of walking in the city and the museumification of urban space. For this, first it reviews theoretical discussions of walking as a bodily-spatial performance. Then, in the case of Daegu's Modern Street Tour and particularly focusing on the tour map, it looks at how the bodily performance of walking constructs the urban space of the tour as a museumified space. Finally, seeing the participants' blogs and other websites as another performative space, it examines how the bodily performance of walking reproduces the discourse and space of the tour in virtual space as well as in actual space. The study suggests the elusive assemblage of heterogeneous and multiple time-spaces immanent in urban space, which is different from the absolute and linear order of time-space in museum space.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.587-599
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• 2023

As climate change increasesthe frequency and risk of flooding in major cities around theworld, the importance ofsimulation technology that can quickly and accurately analyze high-resolution 2D flooding information in large-scale areasis emerging. The physically-based approaches based on the Shallow Water Equations (SWE) often requires huge computer resources hindering high-resolution flood prediction. This study investigated the theoretical background of Weighted Cellular Automata 2D (WCA2D), which simulates spatio-temporal changes offlooding using transition rules and weight-based system, and assessed feasibility to simulate pluvial flooding in the urbancatchment, theOncheon-cheon catchmentinBusan, SouthKorea.Inaddition,the computation performancewas compared by applying versions using OpenComputing Language (OpenCL) andOpenMulti-Processing (OpenMP) parallel computing techniques. Simulationresultsshowed that the maximuminundation depthmap by theWCA2Dmodel cansimilarly reproduce historical inundation maps. Also, it can precisely simulate spatio-temporal changes of flooding extent in the urban catchment with complex topographic characteristics. For computation efficiency, parallel computing schemes, theOpenCLandOpenMP, improved the computation by about 8~14 and 5~6 folds respectively, compared to the sequential computation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.5B
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• pp.409-417
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• 2009

In this study it was assessed the accuracy of the Chukwooki rainfall data in Seoul by comparing with tree-ring width index data, sunspot numbers, southern oscillation index (SOI) and global temperature anomaly. And it was investigated the correlations of climatic change and change characteristics in past north-east asia by comparisons of tree-ring width index data in near Korea. The results of this study shows that Chukwooki rainfall data has the strong reliance since the trends and depths of change are very well matched with other comparative data. And with the results by compared with tree-ring width index data in six sites of near Korea, climates of north-east asia are changed with strong correlations as being temporal and spatial and longterm periodic possibility of reproducing are exist on those changes. However characteristics of climate change post 1960 A.D. are investigated as represented differently to past although statistical moving characteristics or changing criterion are within the limitations of reproducing phase in the past since they represent the different trends and irregularity and their frequencies are increase. The results of this study are widely used on long-term forecasting for climate change in north-east asia.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.3834-3842
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the kinematic characteristics of children with Down syndrome got congenitally joint laxity and muscle hypotonic. The subjects are boys with Down syndrome and don't have the other disabilities. We got three dimensional position data and then calculated spatiotemporal and kinematic variables during walking on treadmill used increasingly for gait analysis and training. In result, in order to overcome their gait instability due to their musculoskeletal characteristics they walked with hip, knee and ankle joints more flexed than the typical gait pattern, and on the propulsion phase they extend the lower limb joints less than the typical, result in propel the body less than. The reason is that the more is the propulsion by extending the joints, the greater is the reaction force from the ground on heel contact. This result is expected to be used to develop the training program for intensification of musculoskeletal system aim to improve the other musculoskeletal disabilities as well as Down syndrome.