• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.227-227
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• 2021

하천수의 효율적인 관리와 균형적인 물배분을 위해 신뢰도 있는 하천수 사용량 계측자료가 필수적이다. 공업·생활용수는 유량계를 설치하여 취수량에 대한 신뢰도 있는 자료를 홍수통제소에 보고하고 있으나, 농업용수는 유량계 설치 지점이 적고, 수문조작 등의 간접적인 계측방법 허용으로 취수량 자료의 신뢰도가 낮은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 만경강 상류의 취수보를 대상으로 시험 유역 운영 및 검증을 통해 직접 계측방법의 취수량 산정 정확도를 비교하였다. 적용한 직접 계측방법은 초음파법, 전자파법, 수위-유량관계법으로 산정된 취수량 자료간의 절대오차 비교를 통해 정확도를 평가하였다. 점단위 취수량 자료 비교시, 현장측정값 대비 초음파법 5.86%, 전자파법 7.28%, 수위-유량관계법 11.84%의 오차가 발생하는 것으로 산정되어 초음파법이 가장 높은 정확도를 가지는 것으로 나타났고, 일단위, 월단위 자료 비교시 기준값으로 설정하였다. 일단위 취수량 자료 비교시, 초음파법으로 산정한 일평균 취수량 대비 전자파법 6.62%, 수위-유량관계법 8.62%의 오차가 발생하였다. 월단위 취수량 자료 비교시, 초음파법으로 산정한 월평균 취수량 대비 전자파법 5.81%, 수위-유량관계법 11.03%의 오차가 발생하였다. 산정된 취수량의 정확도는 초음파법, 전자파법, 수위-유량관계법 순이다. 고가의 첨단 계측장비를 적용하여 연속적인 유속 계측을 통해 산정한 취수량이 신뢰도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 농업용수는 사용시설별 취수량 규모 편차가 크기 때문에, 추후 중요도가 높은 사용시설과 비교적 낮은 시설간의 구분을 통한 직접 계측방법의 최적 선정 후속연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.214-220
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• 2001

The clinical application of the three-dimensional radiographic technique had been limited to standard Broadbent-Bolton cephalometer with biplanar stereoradiography. We developed a new method for compensating the error of head position in ordinary non-biplanar cephalostat. It became to possible to use the three dimensional cephalogram commonly in clinical bases. 1. The method of methemetical compensation of head positioning error in non-biplanar condition was evaluated with dry skull. The error of the method of first and the second trial was $0.46{\pm}1.21$, $0.33{\pm}0.90mm$, which means the error of the head positioning correction in conventional cephalogram was within clinical acceptance. 2. The reproducibility of this system for clinical application was 0.54 mm ($-2.99{\sim}2.26mm$) which defines the absolute mean difference of the first and second trial. Compare to the The landmark identification error $1.2{\pm}1.6mm$, the error of the measurement was within the range of landmark identification error. The result indicates the adequate clinical accuracy of the computation of three-dimensional coordinates by compensation of the error of the head position in ordinary non-biplanar cephalostat.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.681-688
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• 2016

This study assess their quality of radiation on analysis of the spectrum of resolution suggesting IEC 61267 in radiation quality that RQA3, RQA5, RQA7, RQA9 and combination of clinical condition using several quality of radiation. In experiments edge method first, the spatial resolution assessment used image of the additional filter and SID is obtained the IEC 62220-1, spatial resolution and sharpness of the obtained image was evaluated in the MTF value 10%(0.1), MTF value 50%(0.5) using a Matlab program. Second, MCNPX simulation used spatial resolution analysis was radiation quality particle fluence and spectrum analysis in energy. As a result, make use of additional filter, image quality evaluation of SID that RQA3 radiation quality combination qualification is higher spatial resolution and sharpness make unused of additional filter and SID 100cm. RQA7 radiation quality combination qualification is higher that spatial resolution make unused of additional filter and SID 150cm. RQA9 radiation quality combination qualification is higher that spatial resolution and sharpness make used of additional filter and SID 180cm. spectrum analysis of radiation quality by reducing consequent errors occurring in the experiment that error due to the reproducibility of the X-ray tube, occur in an error of correction the detector suggest ideal conditions from spectrum analysis through MCNPX simulation. In conclusion, by suggesting spatial resolution and sharpness of result for various radiation quality, It provide basic data that radiation quality condition and quantitative assessment method for laboratory in clinical using detector evaluation.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

I. Purpose Confirming an error to be able to break out in a method to move couch manually while operator sees the skin marks on patient in case of curing head who got 2 targets adjoined, so we analyze coordinates price of couch, evaluate reproducibility and precision of change movements between targets. II. Materials and Methods In radiotherapy, for confirming errors in manual movements by operators by exchanging between two targets to treat patient head, we read coordinates price(vertical, longitudinal, lateral three directions of couch) shown on a monitor of LINAC( CL 2100, Varian, USA) in order to evaluate accuracy about the length that moved in time for moving couch manually. After reading movement length of coordinates recorded in three directions of all treatment, we compared distance between targets recorded in RTP(Pinnacle, ADAC, USA) with reading coordinates price of couch, setting actually done the same patient for ten times, coordinates were recorded, treated for evaluating averages and degrees of errors and standard deviations. III. Results In method to confirm skin marks of patient by operators' view and to move couch manually, average standard deviations of movements between two targets are vertical 1.4mm, longitudinal 0.9mm, lateral 2.2mm in each direction. As for the error in straight dimension, it is about 3.6mm averages and 5.1mm maximum. The average of errors in each directions was vertical 1mm, longitudinal 0.7mm, lateral 2.7mm. The greatest error broke out in lateral direction with $25\%$ of all cases ; to exceed an error average. IV. Conclusions If operators moved manually couch for changing target points, errors about 3.6mm average degrees occur. It is important that operators confirm the errors prices of actual couch coordinates for asking a correct movement between the targets adjoined each other ; in case of treatment demanding high precision like 3D conformal therapy or IMRT. Therefore, if we apply couch coordinates confirmation to reproducibility and to precision evaluation of treatment, it's expected that we can execute high-quality radiotherapy.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.5 s.76
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• pp.563-573
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability of computer system for the measurement of tooth size in the model analysis through the comparison of two measurements: One was to use a computer; and the other was to use vernier calipers. Twenty sets of casts were used, which showed a moderate degree of crowding and full eruption of all teeth. The mesio-distal width of 12 teeth from the left central incisor to the left first molar at each set of the casts were measured twice with vernier calipers and a computer respectively. This measurement was repeated two weeks later. First, for the reproducibility analysis, the two computer measurements were compared then the vernier calipers measurements were compared. Second, all the teeth were sepapated into the region of mesiodistal contact points and its width was measured by a micrometer to obtain standard measurements. For the accuracy analysis, these standard measurements were compared with the measurements from the dental casts using two methods. The difference between them was defined as the measurement error. To investigate the cause of measurement error, an examination was made for the presence and degree of contact point deviation on each tooth from the upper and lower occlusograms, and the mesio-distal angulation of each tooth was measured with TARG. Following results were obtained through statistical analysis. 1. In the analysis for reproducibility; the measurements with vernier calipers showed significant differences in three out of twelve teeth while the computer measurements showed significant differences in one out of twelve teeth. 2. In the analysis for accuracy; compared with the standard measurements, the measurements with vernier calipers showed significant differences in three out of twelve teeth while the computer measurements showed significant differences in two out of twelve teeth. 3. Compared with the standard measurements, the measurements with vernier calipers were apt to be larger at the upper first molar, and smaller at the lower first molar The computer measurements, however, were apt to be larger at both upper and lower first molars. 4. The measurements with vernier calipers showed the largest error at the lower first molar and the degree of error was variable according to the tooth while the difference of error was small in the computer measurements. 5. In the analysis for the correlation of the degree of measurement errors with the contact point deviation index and the mesio-distal crown angulation of each tooth, the measurements with vernier calipers did not show significant correlation while the measurements with computer showed slight Positive correlations. The results of this study indicate that a computer system may be useful for the measurement of tooth size in the model analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.126-128
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• 2010

지형 참조 항법(TRN, Terrain reference navigation)은 항체에 탑재된 지형 데이터베이스와 센서로부터 측정된 고도값을 대조하여 항체의 위치를 알아내는 것으로, GPS/INS 결합항법 시스템의 대체 항법으로 많이 알려져 있다. 지형의 형태에 따라서 시스템의 정확도와 안정성이 달라지기 때문에 특정적인 지형 정보를 이용하여 지형 데이터베이스와 대조하는 과정이 매우 중요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 센서 측정값과 지형 데이터베이스 상의 값에서 지형의 특성적 변화가 발생하는 지점인 Model Key Point를 2D Douglas-Peucker 알고리즘을 이용하여 추출하고 이를 항법 알고리즘에 적용하여 시뮬레이션 하였다. 그 결과 오차가 발산하지 않고 수십m 급의 항법 정밀도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.195-199
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• 2004

수공구조물의 설계시 확률강우강도와 홍수유출량의 정확한 산정은 경제성 및 안전성과 관련되어 필수인 과정이다. 현재 확률강우강도의 산정은 한국건설기술연구원에서 제시한 확률강우량도를 사용하고 있으나, 설계자의 주관에 따른 오차 발생의 소지가 있고 수치모의시 수작업에 따른 불리함과 지속기간에 따른 강우강도의 일관성 결여 등 공학적으로 불리하다. 본고에서는 시간적(재현기간별) 공간적으로 형식의 통일과 표준화를 기하고 공학적 사용의 편리를 위하여 단순한 형태의 일반형 확률강우강도식을 개발하여 암거설계의 편리를 도모다. 또한 기존 암거설계법을 재검토하여 미흡한 부분을 보완하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.296-300
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• 2009

가상현실이나 인터넷 웹지도 서비스와 같이 3차원의 실세계를 시스템 상에 그대로 재현(reconstruction)하기 위해서는 정교하고 세밀한 3차원 도시모델이 필수적이다. 이러한 3차원 도시모델의 자동생성은 원격탐사 및 사진측량 분야에서 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 이러한 연구들은 다양한 센서 데이터와 기 구축되어 있는 GIS자료를 이용하여 건물, 도로, 지형 등의 도시모델을 자동으로 생성하고자 한다. 그러나 대부분의 연구에서 추출한 각 기본요소(primitives)-평면패치(planar patches), 에지(edges), 모서리(corners)에 대한 국부적인 정제(refinement)는 수행하였으나, 생성한 건물 모델에 대한 광역적인 조정을 통한 정규화에 대한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 데이터로부터 생성된 B-rep (boundary representation) 형태의 건물 모델에 대하여 기하학적인 제약요소(constraints)를 이용한 정규화(regularization) 방법론을 제시하고자 한다. 제안하는 방법은 건물의 Domain Knowledge에 기반하여 도출한 건물을 구성하는 기본요소(primitives)간의 인접성, 직교성, 평행성, 교차성 등의 다양한 제약조건을 이용하여 광역적으로 조정한다. 시뮬레이션 데이터에 적용한 결과의 분석을 통해 제안된 정규화 방법을 통해 오차가 포함된 건물모델이 보다 정형화된 형태로 조정되었음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.208-217
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• 2001

Model-based color image halftoning method using dot-pattern database is proposed for low-resolution color image printing. Dot-pattern database used in the proposed method is based on Blue-Noise Mask. The database consists of dot-patterns constructed by circular dot-overlap model according to each color value. In halftoning procedure, input color value is reproduced as the dot-pattern selected to minimize the difference between the color values of the original image and those of the printed image. Also, the contrast sensitivity function as a human visual model is used to improve the perceived quality of the printed image in dot-pattern selection. Thus, the proposed method can substantially reproduce the color values of the pixels in original image and obtain better image quality. In the experiment, the proposed method has less ΔΕ/Sub ab/ between the original image in monitor and the printed one than that of ED and BNM halftoning. This result approves that the proposed method reproduces better image quality.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.371-376
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• 2006

Digital high resolution cameras are widely available, and are increasingly use in digital close-range photogrammetry. And photogrammetry instruments are developing rapidly and the precision is improving continuously. The building of 3D terrains of high precision are possible and the calculation of the areas or the earthwork volumes have high precision due to the development of the technique of the spatial information system using computer. Using the digital camera which has capacity of keeping numerical value by itself and easy carrying, we analyze the positioning error according to various change of photographing condition. Also we try to find a effective method of acquiring basis data for 3D modeling of high-accuracy in pixel degree through digital close-range photogrammetry with bundle adjustment for digital elevation model generation.