• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.65-76
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• 2014

This paper analyzes whether local public expenditures have converged during the 1985-2011 periods in Korea, using the sixteen metropolitan and provincial governments data. We analyze the convergence of per capita real local public expenditures in terms of both static view and dynamic view of convergence. Furthermore, we derive the estimating equation for per capita real local government expenditure growth function from theoretical model based on Skidmore et al.(2004)[23]. The main results from empirical analyses are such that an increase in aged people helped local government expenditures increase. Also, we found that the convergence speed of economic expenditure is greater than that of social welfare expenditure. Similarly the convergence speed of public capital expenditure is greater than that of public consumption expenditure. In the future we had better examine the convergence of local public goods taking into account their congestion rates.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.21-44
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• 2017

Under the new normal, the China's economy growth has changed rapid growth to moderate growth since 2007. With new paradigm, China is facing an abnormally severe employment situation. Also the financial expenditure is an important macro adjustment method. The research analyzes both implications of financial expenditures to employment in China, and the trend of implication in different regions. The research was conducted by 2SLS method using the panel data of 31 Chinese local governments(provinces, cities, and autonomous districts) during 1998 to 2015. The main findings are as follows. In the new normal model(2008-2015), the financial expenditure to urban employment have higher effect than total employment. Also, higher income region have more positive effect than lower income region. Medical, technology expenditure have positive effect to total employment, social security, education expenditure have positive effect to urban employment. In the total model(1998-2015) have similar results with new normal model, but the elasticity is more higher than total model. Ultimately, it can be seen that the efficiency of financial expenditure is lower than new normal model. The government should increase the proportion of expenditure in fields of social security, education, medical, technology, and improve the expenditure structure. So as to promote the effect of financial expenditure to employment in new normal economy.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.241-249
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• 2024

Using the panel data of 31 regions in China from 2006 to 2021, this paper analyzes the efficiency and influencing factors of the fiscal expenditure on compulsory education in China. Through the analysis found that the efficiency of some economically developed regional is lower, but the efficiency of economically backward regional is higher. In order to further analyze the influencing factors of the efficiency of fiscal expenditures on compulsory education, using Tobit model is analyzed. It is found that regional per capita GDP and fiscal self-sufficiency rate have a negative impact on the efficiency of fiscal expenditure on compulsory education. Age structure, percentage of fiscal expenditure on compulsory education and level of teachers have a positive impact on the efficiency of fiscal expenditure on compulsory education. Fiscal decentralization has no significant effect on the efficiency of fiscal expenditure on compulsory education.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.22 no.1_2
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• pp.193-283
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• 2000

외환위기 이후 재정적자가 급격히 확대되면서 재정적자에 대한 일반인들의 관심이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 재정적자가 거시경제에 구체적으로 어떤 영향을 미치는가에 대한 실증분석은 많지 않은 편이다. 본고는 재정적자가 민간저축률과 물가상승률에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 있다. 본 논문의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 저축률과 재정적자 사이에는 리카도 동등가설이 예측하는 것과 같은 관계가 표면적으로 발견된다. 즉, 재정지출이 변하지 않을 때 재정적자의 증가는 민간저축률을 증가시켜 국민경제 전체의 저축률은 크게 변하지 않는다. 둘째, 재정수지가 변하지 않더라도 재정지출의 증가는 민간저축을 감소시킨다. 그리고 재정수지가 변하든 변하지 않든 정부소비나 이전지출의 증가는 국민저축률을 감소시킨다. 셋째, 재정적자는 물가에 별 영향을 주지 않는다. 이 가운데 첫째와 셋째의 결과는 별로 새삼스러운 것이 되지 못한다. 그러나 둘째의 결과는 지금까지 논의되지 않았던 사실을 알려주고 있다. 특히 1980년대 말 이후 GDP 대비 재정규모가 추세적으로 증가하고 있으며, 최근의 외환위기 이후에는 금융구조조정 지원 등에 따라 재정규모가 급격히 증가하고 있고, 장기적으로는 국민연금급여 등 사회보장지출의 증가가 예상됨을 고려할 때, 재정규모 증가를 억제하는 일에 보다 적극적인 노력을 기울일 필요가 있음을 알게 된다. 한편 본고에서의 한국은행의 준(準)재정활동을 고려하지 않았으나, 이를 고려할 때에도 재정수지가 물가상승률에 별다른 영향을 미치지 않는지에 대한 추가적 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.159-178
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• 2024

This study aims to assess the direct and indirect impacts of local fiscal expenditures on water quality. Panel data spanning from 2010 to 2018 for 173 cities and districts in Korea are assembled, and a two-stage dynamic panel model is utilized for our estimation. The empirical findings reveal several key insights. Firstly, local fiscal expenditures on water quality are effective in ameliorating both Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Phosphorus (T-P). Notably, the direct impact on T-P surpasses that on BOD in the short and long run. Secondly, expenditures dedicated to water quality improvement demonstrate a positive effect on local economic growth, and an inverted U-shaped relationship is observed between BOD and local economic growth. Due to the positive linkage, the indirect effect on BOD suggests, on average, a deterioration in water quality during local economic growth. Thirdly, concerning BOD, the direct effect of government expenditure on water quality improvement outweighs the indirect effect, but in the case of T-P, the indirect effect is not significant, and the total effect is solely determined by the direct impact. Despite local fiscal expenditures potentially exacerbating water quality through regional economic growth, the study finds that the direct enhancement of water quality remains a more substantial factor in the short and long run.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.1 s.106
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• pp.47-62
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• 2005

This paper aims at analyzing the economic effect of the public financial expenditure on the national industrial complexes. Since public finance support is indirectly supplied to the national industrial complexes, the economic effect of the public financial expenditure on the national industrial complexes may be analyzed indirectly and circuitously In this contort, this paper uses 3 stage analysis method. In the first stage, the economic effect that the public financial expenditure influence the allotment, production and employment of companies residing in the national industrial complexes is analyzed by multiple regression analysis. In the second stage, the economic effect that the investment on the national industrial complexes influence the national and regional economies is analyzed by multiple regression analysis. In the third stage, the economic effect of the public financial expenditure on the national industrial complexes is analyzed through the compromising the results of the first and second stage. The main results of this paper are as follows. Firstly, public financial expenditure on the infrastructure of national industrial complexes leaded to positive growth of the allotment of companies residing in the national industrial complexes. Additionally, growth of the allotment of companies leaded to the positive effect on the production and employment of companies. And secondly, growth of the allotment of companies leaded to the positive effect on the gross regional domestic production. Finally, financial expenditure on the infrastructure of national industrial complexes leaded to positive effect on the national and regional economic growth through the compromising the results of the first and second stage.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.35-60
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• 2018

This paper investigates the effects of fiscal decentralization on public welfare finance, focusing that welfare status experienced a post-industrial society has proposed decentralization as a response. The decentralization includes local government responsibilities and expanded roles under the background of fiscal distress of center governments and new social risks. For the analysis, the first theory is established to find out the effect of fiscal decentralization on social expenditure. Also, the second theory is set up for the relationship between the level of fiscal decentralization and composition of social expenditure. Findings indicate that the level of social expenditure of state would decrease as the level of fiscal decentralization increases. Also, the more the level of fiscal decentralization increases, the more the in-kind benefits among total welfare expenditure increase.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.163-209
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• 2011

This study empirically analyzes whether political rent-seeking behavior exits in Korea. The empirical analysis shows that there is a cyclical decline in aggregate revenue immediately following the election year. However, when using other aggregate fiscal variables including aggregate revenue, fiscal balance, tax and public burden ratio, no such cyclical deterioration are found. By sector, the expenditures of the economic affairs show a cyclical increase in the year right after the election. In addition, as the ratio of ruling party senators to total senators is high, the expenditures of the economic affairs tend to increase more and this tendency becomes more stronger right after the presidential election year. Such a result turns out to be consistent even when the expenditure was analyzed separately from the mandatory and discretionary expenditures by sector. This is a testimony to the existence of political rent-seeking behavior in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.127-139
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• 1989

본고는 저소득층 재미유학생을 중심으로 한국가구와 중국가구의 가계재정복지 및 관리행동의 인식을 비교.검토하였다. 표본의 크기는 한국 10가구와 중국11가구였다. 재정후생 조사결과에 의하면 한국 가구는 중국 가구에 비해 자산취득 등 소비에 있어서는 더 높은 평균소득을 가졌음에도 불구하고 소득수준에 더 많은 불만을 나타내고 잇었다. 재정관리행동 조사는 중국가구가 더 즉흥적인 혹은 예산밖의 소비를 하고 있는 것을 보여주고 있다. 또한 한국 가구는 재정관리 및 소비지출을 부부중심으로 행하는 반면, 중국 가구는 남편중심으로 행하고 있었으며 중국가구가 재정관리 및 소비에 대하여 더 높은 불화를 나타내고 있었다. 더불어 한국가구는 주로 부인들이 구매하는 적은 금액의 지출에, 중국 가구는 남편들이 구매하는 큰 금액의 지출에 상대적으로 더 많은 불화를 나타내었다. 한편 한국 가구의 구매불화조정은 남편에 의해, 중국 가구의 불화조정은 부인에 의해 주로 이루어 지고 있었다.

• Social Workers
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• no.11 s.43
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• pp.14-17
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• 2005

2006년 사회복지 · 보건분야 재정지출이 55조원 규모로 정부 총지출 221조원에서 복지재정이 차지하는 비중이 25%에 이른다고 발표되었다. 정부예산정책처에 따르면 2006년 보건복지부 소관 예산은 10조3,88억 원으로 2005년 비해 12.7% 증가하여 이는 정부 예산 증가율의 2배에 해당된다. 그러나 이는 과거 ‘SOC분야’의 주택부문이 복지분야로 분류체계가 변하면서 발생한 통계적 수치 변화에 불과하다. 2006년 기준으로 12조 1,496억 원 규모의 건설교통부 소관 주택부문 재정이 복지 분야로 포함되었으며, 이로 인해 2006년 예산이 획기적으로 늘어난 것처럼 보이는 것일 뿐 사실상 사회복지 · 보건 분야 재정지출은 12조1,496억 원을 제외하면 42조5,042억 원이다. 정부는 이를 통해 국민기초생활보장의 내실화의 차상위 빈곤계층 지원을 통한 사회안전망의 확충, 저출산 · 고령사회에 대비한 투자 확대 및 공공보건의료 기반을 강화해 ‘사회양극화’를 해소하겠다고 하고 있지만, 여전히 소득보장 기능이 미흡하고 지역 간 복지 불평등 문제를 심화시키며, 재원조달방안이 없는 등 여러 문제점을 안고 있다.