• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2016

Recently, it was reported that certain polymorphisms in the growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene (GHSR) are associated with the growth of chickens. However, the correlation between GHSR polymorphisms and economic traits has not been investigated in Korean native chickens (KNCs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to confirm the suitability of the GHSR gene as a candidate for genomic selection and identify a genetic marker for KNCs. A total of 220 KNCs from six breeds raised at the National Institute of Animal Science were genotyped for the c.739+726 SNP in the GHSR gene using polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the sequence for a subset of 30 birds was analyzed using direct sequencing. The association between the SNP genotypes and the economic traits of the KNCs was analyzed using the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) software program. The association analysis between the c.739+726T>C SNP and economic traits revealed that the SNP was significantly associated with body weight at 150 and 270 days (BW150 and BW270, respectively) in all KNCs (p<0.01), BW150 in KNC (Gary) (p<0.05), and egg production number in KNC (White, p<0.05). In addition, the SNPs discovered using direct sequencing (513A>G, 517A>T) had a significant effect on the body weight and egg production traits (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results might be useful as a basis for studies on the improvement of KNC breeds. Furthermore, these results suggest that the SNPs (c.739+726T>C, 513A>G, and 517A>T) located in the GHSR gene could be useful molecular genetic markers for KNCs.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.361-366
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic variation and establish the relationship amongst breeds and strains using 7 chicken specific microsatellite markers. A total of 317 DNA samples from four Korean native chicken (KNC) strains (KR: Korean Native Red chicken strain, KY: Korean Native Yellow chicken strain, KL: Korean Native Black chicken strain, KO: Ogol chicken strain) and three introduced endemic chicken breeds (LE: Leghorn chicken breed, RI: Rhode Island Red chicken breed, CO: Cornish chicken breed). The size of microsatellite markers was decided using GeneMapper Software (v.4.0) after being analyzed using an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer. Frequencies of microsatellites markers were used to estimate heterozygosities and genetic distances. The lowest distance (0.074) was observed between the KY and KL breeds and the highest distance (0.779) between the KL and LE breeds. The KNC strains (KR, KY, KL) have comparatively near genetic distance each other. On the other side, each individual was not ramified to different groups and were spread evenly in phylogenetic dendrogram about all the KNC of each strain populations. But the endemic breed populations (LE, RI, CO) were ramified to different groups. The microsatellite polymorphism data were shown to be useful for assessing the genetic relationship between Korean native strains and other foreign breeds.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.48 no.10
• /
• pp.192-195
• /
• 2016

본고는 양계와 한평생을 함께 한 오봉국 교수(서울대 명예 교수)가 그 동안의 인생여정을 정리하여 출간한 '축산의 비전을 심으며 살아온 나의 인생여정' 자서전 내용 중 '양계와 함께 걸어온 나의 회고' 내용을 발췌, 게재한 것이다. 오봉국 교수는 1925년 평안남도 진남포에서 태어나 1956년 서울대학교 축산과에서 농학석사과정을 거친 후 미국 미네소타대학과 호주 시드니 대학에서 석, 박사과정을 마친후 서울대학교에서 후학양성은 물론 양계산업 발전을 위해 많은 공을 세웠다. 1969년에는 (사)한국가금협회장(대한양계협회 전신)을 역임하고 현재까지 대한양계협회 고문으로 활동하고 있다. 1991년에는 국민훈장 모란장을 수여한 바 있으며, 현대 가금학 등 16편의 주옥같은 저서를 남겼다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 1990

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of different body hair color (Native type) and commercial white laying hen (Improvement, Nick Chick strain) on cholesterol, triglyceride and protein concentration in serium. Experimental hens were selected out of yellow-brown body hair color strain (10 heads), green-black body hair color strain (13 heads), white body hair color strain (7 heads), black-bone strain (10 heads) as native type and commercial white laying hen (30 head,3) as improved variety. Experimental diet was fed identically for 4 weeks in total groups. The results of the experiment obtained were summerized as follows：1. Serium cholesterol contents were the highest in commercial white laying hen ($172.50\pm$13.45 mg/100 $m\ell$) (p＜0.01;, and higher in white color strains than body hair color strain groups. Body hair color strain groups were similar in serium cholesterol contents. 2, Serium triglyceride concentration also showed no response among native type groups, however commercial white laying hen group shelved significatly difference. (p＜0.01) 3. Serium protein contents were the highest in commercial white laying hen group ($6.24\pm$0.23 mg/100 $m\ell$). (p＜0,01) Increasing the serium cholesterol, triglyceride and protein contents in commercial white laying hen group than color strain group of native type was considered to improved grade.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2014

The Feather Color of chicken is considered as most obvious, and the purpose of this study is to identify the genotype following the SNP of MC1R, MITF and TYRP1, which are genes related to Feather Color, and develop a SNP marker that can be classified per breed. When a haplotype is observed through the combination of markers, a Korean Native Chicken can especially be distinguished when it is a CGG type in the SNP combination of the MC1R gene. In case of the TAG, TGG and TAA types, only Araucana was identified, and for the CAA type, Leghorn could specifically be distinguished. In the SNP combination of TYRP1 gene, only Leghorn was differentiated in case of the TTTCA and CCTCA types, and only Silky Fowl was identified in case of the CTTTA type. The SNP combination of MC1R gene enabled for Korean Native Chicken, Leghorn, and Araucana to be distinguished and each of the SNP and combination of TYRP1 gene allowed for all 4 breeds to be classified. If many researches are conducted about genetic polymorphism between breeds, then it is considered that the differences between breeds will be understood from a molecular biological aspect instead of simply distinguishing the breeds through Feather Color.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1998.06c
• /
• pp.383-386
• /
• 1998

한국어의 운율구조는 발화문장(utterance), 억양구(intonational phrase), 악센트구(accentual phrase), 음운적 어절(phonological word), 음절(syllable) 순의 계층적 구조를 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 운율구조의 각 층에서 성조 이벤트가 얹혀지는 음절이나 또는 각 층의 운율단위말의 음절의 음향적 길이를 측정함으로써 첫째, 운율단위말의 음절의 음향적 길이 또한 계층적 순위를 보이는지 둘째, 성조 이벤트(tonal event)와 음향적 길이 사이에 높은 상관관계를 보이는지 보고자 한다. 즉, 두 가지 측면에서 길이비교가 수행되었는데 하나는 언어 보편적 현상으로 알려진 구말 장음화 현상으로써 각 층 운율적 단위의 마지막 음절의 모음 길이 비교이며 다른 하나는 억양구초 고성조가 실현되는 음절의 모음과 어절 내 모음, 그리고 고성조가 실현되는 억양구말 음절의 모음간의 길이 비교이다. 남녀 각각 200문장의 각 분절음과 운율분석을 한 후 길이에 대한 일원분산분석 실시 결과 억양구말은 악센트구말 보다 길었으나 악센트구말은 어절말과 차이를 보이지 않거나 남자 화자의 경우 오히려 짧게 나타났다. 그리고 남자화자의 경우 악센트구초 고성자가 얹혀지는 음절의 길이는 어절 내 어절말 음절을 제외한 그 외 음절과 화자에 따라 큰 차이를 보이지 않거나 그보다 조금 짧게 실현되는 것으로 나타났다. 위의 결과는 첫째, 단위말 음절 모음의 장음화는 운율적 구조의 층위에 일대일 대응을 보이지 않는 것으로 해석되며 둘째, 성조 이벤트와 그것이 실현되는 분절음의 음향적 길이와는 큰 상관관계를 보이지 않는 것으로 해석될 수 있겠다. 그러나 이러한 일반화에 대한 충분한 근거 제공을 위해서는 해당음절의 모음 길이 뿐만 아니라 초성자음의 길이간의 비교와 음절자체의 길이 비교 또한 필요한 것이며 모음길이에 대한 선행자음의 분절음적 영향 고려가 수반되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 다음 내용을 정리해 보고자 한다.리해 보고자 한다.rc$ 구입할 때 중점적으로 살펴보는 사항은 신선도와 순수재래종 여부, 위생상태였다. 한편 소비자가 언제나 구입할 수 없다는 의견이 85.2%나 되어 원활한 공급과 시장조성이 아직 정착되지 않고 있었다. $\bigcirc$ 현재 유통되고 있는 재래종닭은 소비자 대부분이 잡종으로 인식하고 있었으며, 재래종과 일반육계와의 구별은 깃털색, 피부색, 정강이색등 외관상으로 구별하고 있었다. 체중에 대한 반응은 너무 작다는 의견이었고, 식품으로의 인식도는 비교적 고급식품으로 인식하고 있다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종닭고기의 브랜드화에 대한 견해는 젊고 소득이 높은 계층에서 브랜드화의 필요성을 강조하고 있다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종달걀의 소비형태는 대부분의 소비자가 좋아하였으나 아직 먹어보지 못한 응답자가 많았다. 재래종달걀의 맛에 대해서는 고소하고 독특하여 차별성을 느끼고 있었다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종달걀의 구입장소는 계란판매점(축협.농협), 슈퍼, 백화점, 재래닭 사육 농장등 다양하였으며 포장단위는 10개를 가장 선호하였고, 포장재료는 종이, 플라스틱, 짚의 순으로 좋아하였다. $\bigcirc$ 달걀의 가격은 200원정도를 적정하다고 하였으며, 크기는 (평균 52g)는 가장 적당하다고 인식하고 있으며, 난각색은 대부분의 응답자가 갈색을 선호하였다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종달걀의 구입시 애로사항은 믿을수 없고, 구입장소를 몰라서, 값이 싸다 등이었고, 앞으로 신뢰할 수 있고 위생적인 생산 및 유통체계가 확립될 경우 더 많이 소비하겠다는 의견이었다. $\bigcirc$ 재래닭 판매업소(식당)의 판매형태는 66.7%인 대부분의 업소가 잡종과 개량종 유색닭을 판매하고 있었으며, 1개 업소에서 1일 판

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.85-88
• /
• 2009

One of the mitochondrial genes, called cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), has been widely used for the species identification (called bio-barcode) in birds. In this study, the bio-barcode has been applied to chicken breeds in Korea whether it also can be used as a molecular marker for breed identification. Data indicated that Korean native chicken has the mixed SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) patterns between White Leghorn (Layer) and Cornish (Broiler) and ultimately, it can not be used as the marker for breed identification. However, this result indicates the mixed use of the Korean native chicken, since it has been used for dual purpose for producing meat and egg for a long time. In order to use as a marker for species identification, more reliable mitochondrial and/or nuclear DNA markers need to be developed.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2003

The present study was carried out to establish the standard karyotype of the Korean Native Chicken and to find their chromosomal band markers using high-resolution banding technique. Chromosome analysis was performed on early chick embryos following in vitro culture of fertilized eggs of the yellow-brown and the red-brown lines of the Korean Native Chicken which had been established at National Livestock Research Institute. The high-resolution banding of the chromosome was achieved by treating the embryos with ethidium bromide and colchicine during culture. On GTG-banding, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited a typical chick banding pattern in all the macrochromosomes. Overall chromosomal morphology and positions of typical landmarks of the Korean Native Chicken were virtually identical to those of White Leghorn and International System for Standardized Avian Karyotypes(ISSAK). However, the lengths and G-band numbers of the Korean Native Chicken macrochromosomes were greater than those of White Leghorn and ISSAK. Especially in chromosomes 1 and Z, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited more separated bands in compared with ISSAK. In C-banding patterns, although a lot of observed cells had C-band polymorphic patterns, almost the Korean Native Chicken macrochromosomes had heterochromatic C-band on centromeres and/or near terminal part. However, the heterochromatic C-band was constantly observed at the end of q-arm of Z chromosomes and on the whole W chromosome. In addition, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited distinctive heteromorphic patterns of C-bands on the centromere of chromosome 3 and at the end of q-arm of Z chromosome between homologous chromosomes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.297-304
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary Panax Ginseng Refuse(PGR), Dioscorea Japonica Refuse(DJR) and Oriental Medicine Refuse(OMR) on performance(feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, mortality) of Korean Native Chicken(KNC). KNC were randomly assigned to one of the 4 dietary treatment : 1) control(commercial feed), 2) PGR(commercial feed supplemented with 5% panax ginseng leaves) 3) DJR(commercial feed with 5% dioscorea japonica hulls and 4) OMR (commercial feed with 5% oriental medicine refuse). 160 KNC were fed one of the above experimental diet for 12 weeks and slaughtered at 20 weeks of age. Daily DM intake of control, PGR, DJR and OMR diet were 125.79g, 122.26g, 122.30g and 123.72g, respectively, with no significantly difference(p$>$0.05). The DM utilizability of control and DJR(62.89% and 61.20%) diets were higher(p$<$0.05) than those of PGR and OMR(55.44% and 59.76%)(p$<$0.05). 16 weeks weight of bird fed control, PGR, DJR and OMR diets were 1,436.6g, 1,427.2g, 1,546g and 1,422.0g respectively with DJR being the highest than other treatments(p$<$0.05). Total feed intake of control, PGR, DJR and OMR diets were 6,087g, 5,947g, 5,816g and 5,852g, respectively where control was higher than other treatments. The feed conversion of PGR, DJR and OMR were higher than the control. Chicken housed mortality of control, PGR, DJR and OMR were respectively 24, 15, 13 and 20 birds with rather lower mortality in the supplented groups(p$<$0.05). The body weight, carcass weight and carcass yield were not different among the treatments. But abdominal fat of chicken in control and OMR groups were higher than that of DJR and PGR groups.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2020

In this study, sixteen egg quality traits, including egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, eggshell weight, albumen weight ratio, yolk weight ratio, eggshell weight ratio, yolk color, eggshell color, egg height, egg width, shape index, albumen height, Haugh unit, eggshell thickness, and eggshell strength were investigated in 12 strains of Korean native chicken using 600 eggs from birds at 38 weeks of age. Results showed that the Korean White Leghorn F strain had the highest egg weight of 62.7 g and the lowest (47.5 g) was observed in the Korean native chicken W strain. The Haugh unit was significantly different between strains. The mean Haugh unit for Korean native chicken ranged between 84.2 (L strain) and 76.0 (F strain), with an overall average of 79.9. Eggshells were the thinnest in Korean Rhode Island Red C and D strains (0.342 mm), whereas the highest eggshell thickness (0.393 mm) was observed in the Korean White Leghorn K strain. Korean Rhode Island Red C and D strains had low egg strength compared to that of other strains. Korean Cornish and Korean native chicken showed significant differences in egg quality traits between strains within breeds. Positive correlation coefficients were observed between egg weight and egg quality traits. The traits for color showed zero or low correlations with most egg quality traits. Egg shape index showed no correlation with most egg quality traits. Albumen height and the Haugh unit showed a positive correlation with albumen traits. Eggshell strength showed a positive correlation with eggshell traits.