• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.150-156
• /
• 2018

As the types and usage of chemical increase, modern countries should protect their health and environment from the risk of hazardous chemical. Chemical accidents not only affect humans but also cause huge losses to the environment. Moreover, since its effects do not end in a short period of time, it is necessary to identify the extent of the damage and establish a prevention and response system in advance. In 2015, the Chemical Substances Management Act provided a system for assessing the impact on the people and the environment around the workplace. However, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the impact on environmental factors such as vegetation and aquatic, with the current hazard assessment methods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quantitative risk of environmental receptors. This study improved the existing risk assessment formula by using the environmental vulnerability index and established the end point concentration criterion which can estimate the damage range to environmental media. To verify the results of the study, a virtual accident scenario was selected and a case study was conducted. As a result, the extent of impact on the environmental medium can be calculated, and the degree of environmental risk of the zone can be quantified through the risk analysis considering the environmental vulnerability. This study is expected to increase the reliability of the reliability of the existing risk anaylsis method beacause it is a risk analysis method that can be applied when the environmental factors are absolutely necessary and when the residents and environment are complex.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2016

The main point of this study is to find out duplicates and differences among various regulations from different organizations. Also, it focuses on creating a reasonably unified regulation system to standardize safety & environment management. In this study, I analyzed the commonalities and the differences of two systems which are typical korean Process Safety Management System and off-site Consequence Analysis. It is confirmed that there are 25 species of overlapped material of those two systems and assessment like handling material information, facilities lists, hazardous substances and list of machine power. Process safety report focuses on onsite workers and facility protect. On the other hand, off-site Consequence Analysis focuses on design, arrangement and management of handling facility from off-site influence. I found difference two system of Enforcement purposes and way. Contradiction of Harmful information of Chemicals Control Act and occupation safety and health acts from same material. To be specific, There are no unit rule of occupation safety and health acts. so it permit inch, psi etc. But Chemicals Control Act provides that m, Mpa units. Therefore, Each regulatory duplication of items for chemicals management, standardization is writing so that you can coordinate overlapping items in the measures the need to be presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.74-74
• /
• 2017

화학물질관리법 시행에 따른 도금기업의 준비 현황 및 실태를 조사하기 위하여 중간보고서에서는 대부분의 업체에서 가장 부담스럽다고 느낀 '유해화학물질 취급시설 배치 설치 관리 기준' 중 실질적으로 가장 어려움을 호소하는 내용부터 설문조사를 실시하여 정리하였고, 최종보고서에서는 한국경영자총협회에서 제안한 "화관법 개선 산업계 의견"을 참고하여 도금업체의 현장과 관련된 부분을 선정하여 실태조사를 실시하였다. 장외영향평가서 및 위해관리계획서 부문의 경우 도금공장의 시설 결함 및 노후화로 인하여 화학사고가 발생할 가능성이 있더라도 대부분의 현장이 화관법 기준을 충족하기 이전에 시설 허가를 받을 때 건축법이나 소방법 등 여러 규제사항을 통과하여 인 허가를 받은 사업장이고 또한 정기검사를 실시함으로써 안전에 대해서는 일차적으로 보장을 받은 상태라고 볼 수 있다. 실제로 설문조사에서 화학사고를 경험과 관련하여 94% 이상이 "없다"라고 응답하였으므로 약품에 의한 화학사고의 개연성은 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.52-58
• /
• 2015

Since the HF release in 2012 in Korea, it became one of the most significant to evaluate consequence to the vicinity of industry facilities handling hazardous materials. BTX plant is selected to assess off-site risk to check whether the facility satisfies the Chemical Control Law by Korea Government. Accident scenarios were listed using process safety information. The scenarios having effect to the off-site were selected and assessed further according to guideline provided by Korea government. Worst case and alternative scenarios including other interested scenarios were evaluated using ALOHA. Each evaluated scenario was assessed further considering countermeasures. The results showed that the facility handling chloric acid is safe enough and needed no further protections at the moment.

• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2015

Semiconductor industry has large number of chemical inventory and is easily exposed to chemical release incidents. Toxic release is one of the most interested area in evaluating consequence to the vicinity of industry facilities handling hazardous materials. Hydrofluoric acid is one of the typical chemical used in semiconductor facility and is selected and toxic release is evaluated to assess the risk impacted to its off-site. Accident scenarios were listed using process safety information. The scenarios having effect to the off-site were selected and assessed further according to guideline provided by Korea government. Worst case and alternative scenarios including other interested scenarios were evaluated using ALOHA. Each evaluated scenario was assessed further considering countermeasures. The results showed that the facility handling hydroflooric acid is safe enough and needed no further protections at the moment.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.111-136
• /
• 2000

본고는 기업 내부의 경영자와 일단 투자자들 사이에 정보 비대칭이 존재하는 기업 공개 시장에서 신주의 저평가 현상을 완화하는 제3자의 보증 역할에 관한 연구이다. 일찍이 Megginson and Weiss(1991), Hamao, Packer and Ritter(1998) 등의 연구에 의하면 미국, 일본 등의 경우 벤처 캐피탈의 지원을 받는 벤처 기업이 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 신주 저평가 현상이 비교적 적게 나타나 벤처 캐피탈이 일정한 명성 효과를 발휘하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 그러나 남명수(1993), 이기환, 임병균, 최해술(1998) 등의 실증 분석에 의하면 국내 벤처 기업의 경우에는 그렇지 않은 것으로 보고되고 있어 벤처 캐피탈의 보증 역할이 미미한 것으로 나타난 바 있으나 이들의 연구는 KSE 시장의 신규 벤처 기업들을 대상으로 하였기 때문에 최근 KOSDAQ 시장에서의 벤처 기업의 신규 등록이 활발해지면서 벤처 캐피탈의 보증 역할에 관한 연구는 재검토를 요구하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 96년 7월 이후 KOSDAQ 시장에 등록되어 있는 기업 중 벤처 캐피탈의 지원을 받은 34개의 벤처 기업과 그렇지 않은 34개의 벤처 기업을 대응 추출하여 구성한 표본에 대해 신주의 등록 초기의 시장초과 수익률을 분석하여 신주 저평가 현상을 살펴보고 각 기업의 수익률과 공모 잔량에 대한 회귀분석을 통하여 벤처 캐피탈의 보증역할을 규명하였다. 본 연구 결과는 현재 KOSDAQ 시장에서 벤처 캐피탈의 보증 역할은 거의 나타나지 않았으며 상장 직전의 세후이익과 전체적인 시장 상황만이 수익률과 공모 잔량에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 기존의 KSE 시장에서의 벤처 캐피탈의 보증 역할에 대한 연구 결과와 유사한 것으로 미국 등 선진 시장의 연구 결과와는 달리 국내 벤처 캐피탈의 KOSDAQ 시장에서의 미미한 역할을 입증하는 실증 결과라고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.84-90
• /
• 2018

We researched the way to minimize the damage when the chlorine-leak accident take place in a purification plant. Since the level of risk based on the Off-site Risk Assessment(ORA) is a combination of proportional to the number of residents in the damaged area and frequency of accidents, we suggested the adequate conditions to reduce the number of residents in the damaged area by means of the operating temperature of a handling facility, installation of a emergency shut-off valve, and the analysis of the variation of the damaging range in accordance with the type of enclosure. The coverage of damage was calculated by the 'KORA(Korea Off-site Risk Assessment Supporting Tool) program. The research shows that the lower operating temperature gets, the more emergency shut-off valve being installed and the higher enclosure level of facility becomes, the extent of damage gets decreased. The decreasing rate of worst case was 17.6%, 71%, 34.5% respectively, the decreasing rate of alternative case was 31.6%, 69.0%, 34.8% respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2017

The risk is expressed as consequence of damage multiplied by likelihood of failure. The installation of a protective system reduces the risk by reducing the likelihood of failure at the facility. Also, the protective system has different effects on the likelihood of failure according to the proof test cycle. However, when assessing risks in the Off-site Risk Assessment (ORA) system, the variation in risk was not reflected according to the proof test cycle of protective system. This study was conducted to examine the need for proof test and the importance of cycle setting by applying periodic proof test of the protective system to ORA. The results showed that the likelihood of failure and the risk increased with longer proof test cycle. The risk of a two-yearly proof test was eight times greater than that of a three-month cycle. From the results, the protective system needs periodic proof test. Untested protective system for a long term cannot be reliable because it is more likely to be failed state when it is called upon to operate. In order to reduce the risk to an acceptable level, it is effective to differently set the proof test cycle according to the priority. This study suggested a more systematic and accurate risk analysis standard than ORA. This standard is expected to enable an acceptable level of risk management by systematically setting the priority and proof test cycle of the protective system. It is also expected to contribute to securing the safety of chemical facilities and at the same time, will lead to the development of the ORA system.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.60 no.4
• /
• pp.506-511
• /
• 2022

In the Chemicals Control Act, a system was implemented to unify off-site risk assessment and risk management plan into the prevention and management system for chemical accidents. Among the hazardous chemicals which have been covered in system, the accident preparation substances are designated as chemical substances that are likely to occur and of which damage scale are likely to be large in the event of chemical accidents. In this study, risks were compared by selecting accident preparation substances with similar regulated quantities. In addition, risk assessment studies were conducted applying the accident scenarios. Four types of materials such as ammonia, hydrogen chloride, carbon disulfide and benzene were selected for the study, and risks were finally analyzed using Safeti 8.0, a quantitative risk assessment program by DNV. As a result, some materials are identified to have high risks comparing to other substances having similar regulated quantities.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.217-226
• /
• 2018

Objectives: Despite the positive effects of Off-site risk assessment (ORA) system such as prevention of chemical accidents, some problems have been constantly raised. The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems that have occurred through the implementation of the ORA system for the past three years and to suggest reasonable directions for improvement in the future. Methods: In order to identify the problems with the methodology and procedure of ORA system, we analyzed statutes, administrative rules and documents related to the ORA system. A survey of ORA reviewers in National Institute of Chemical Safety was conducted to investigate the weight of determinants considered when judging the level of total risk in ORA. Results: In this study, we found out the uncertainty of the estimation of the number of people in the impact range in the procedure of the risk assessment of individual handling facilities, the lack of quantitative risk analysis methods for environmental receptors, and the ambiguity of the criteria for the total risk. In addition to suggesting solutions to the problems mentioned above, we also, suggested a decision tree for total risk in ORA. Conclusion: We anticipate that the solutions including the systematic decision tree for total risk suggested will contribute to the smooth operation of the ORA system.