• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1185-1191
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• 2010

Aged aircraft have several cracks as a results of long-term service, and these cracks affect the safety and decrease the rate of operation of the aircraft. To solve these problems, crack propagation analysis should be performed to determine the service life at fatigue critical location(FCL). It is, however, almost impossible to obtain the stress spectrum, which is crucial for crack propagation analysis of the FCLs of wing structure of aged aircraft. In this study, to analyze the fatigue crack propagation behavior at the FCL of an aged aircraft, first finite element analysis is performed for a 3D geometry model of the aircraft wing structure, which is obtained using CATIA based on the paper drawings. Then, the transfer function and stress-spectrum of the FCL are derived using the load factor data and the FEA results. Finally, the crack propagation rates of the FCL are evaluated using the commercial software, NASGRO 6.0.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2017

This study aims to assess the damage tolerance of the wing structure of aged aircraft with long-term service through the fatigue crack growth analysis and tests. For the fatigue-critical locations (FCL) W2 and W4 in the wing structure, the fatigue stress spectrum was derived based on a previous study. Thereafter, a crack propagation analysis for the FCLs was conducted using the commercial software $NASGRO^{TM}$. The algorithm for the fatigue stress spectrum was verified. Fatigue crack growth tests were then performed for two types of specimens: Type #1 was extracted from the wing structure of aged aircraft, and Type #2 was made of the same material as the wing structure. By comparing the experimental results of these specimens, we assessed the damage tolerance of the wing structure of aged aircraft with service time.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 2010

The great recession which caused by financial crisis made steep rise of oil price and the serious problems of the aircraft industry. High oil price increases operating cost and the recession decreases air traffic. After a period of high book order and delivery from global economic recovery, the aircraft order fell down suddenly. Also the Aircraft price and lease rate deceased and the MRO market is reduced, too. But, the air cargo and passenger increase again since late of 2009. So, it is difficult to predict the market movement, most of the forecasters agreed that the air traffic and aircraft demand will grow gradually in long term with the growth of emerging markets like China, India and Africa. And more efficient, safe and clean aircraft is needed and will need in the market.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.116-121
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• 2018

According to the incresement of aging aircraft, Republic of Korea Air Force (RoKAF) conducted a teardown inspection of aircraft's EWIS (electrical wiring interconnection system) to determine the status of deterioration and the influence of failure occurrences due to it. The inspected aircraft were the retired fighter jets that had been used for more than 40 years. By analyzing defect type and the defect tendency, RoKAF can establish the necessary measures for the usage extension of their fleet and furthermore, the analysis results can be used as a basic data for the preparation of it's aircraft aging. EWIS inspection was done throughout careful visual inspection technique by removing all the ducts and pipes located in the fuselage and wings. For the aircraft wiring where no damage was found, the elongation tests were performed to determine the deterioration of wiring according to the location of the aircraft. The connectors, which is the main cause of intermittent failure, were completely disassembled and inspected for internal damage such as corrosion, abrasion, and traces of foreign objects. The detected defects were classified into 4 severity levels based on the type of damage, and the classified defects were weighted according to the criticality which may affects to it's system to establish the action plan.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.79-101
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• 2008

This study is for improvement of repair part demand forecasting method of Republic of Korea Air Force aircraft. Recently, demand prediction methods are Weighted moving average, Linear moving average, Trend analysis, Simple exponential smoothing, Linear exponential smoothing. But these use fixed weight and moving average range. Also, NORS(Not Operationally Ready upply) is increasing. Recommended method of Box-Jenkins' ARIMA can solve problems of these method and improve estimate accuracy. To compare recent prediction method and ARIMA that use mean squared error(MSE) is reacted sensitively in change of error. ARIMA has high accuracy than existing forecasting method. If apply this method of study in other several Items, can prove demand forecast Capability.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 2010

Doubler repair is one of the frequently applied methods to repair cracks which occur at the structure of aircraft weapon systems. The requirement of the doubler repair for some of aging aircraft has increased more recently. However very few researches have been conducted until now. In this paper, the effect of the various doubler repair methods was evaluated. Especially, the relationship between the array of revet and the effect of stress concentration was investigated. To calculate variation of the stress with different repair methods, commercial FEA program was utilized. As a result, it was shown that the main factor for the variation of stress is pitch and number of revet line. Furthermore the optimized array of revet for the specific geometries of doubler was suggested.

• 한국항공운항학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.68-77
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• 2015

점증하는 항공교통량의 원활한 수용과 안전한 항공기술 저변확대를 위하여 ICAO는 성능기반의 항공교통관리(ATM) 체계와 시스템을 Upgrade할 구체적 이행계획인 ASBU를 개정하고 체약국들의 수용을 촉구하고 있고, 우리나라는 ICAO의 5연임 이사국으로서 ASBU의 주요 Module에 대응하는 모든 Working Paper에 대하여 적극 수용한다는 입장이다. 본 논문은 ASBU의 PIA 4에 해당하는 CDO 및 관련 Module인 TBO의 개념을 살펴보고, 선도적으로 운용되고 있는 사례를 분석해 봄으로써 미래에 대응하는 방안을 찾고자 하였다. CDO는 새로운 장비와 시스템을 갖추지 않더라도 절차의 보완으로 개선할 수 있는 부문에 속하므로 우리나라의 운영 현황을 리뷰하고 그 영향에 대하여 정리해 보았다. 다만, 항공기 고도 강하 단계에서의 개선효과가 상승 또는 순항 단계에 비하여 효율성이 상대적으로 미미한 편이고, ATM 구분 상 기상 등의 외부 변수에 취약하여 효율성 연구에 접근하기 어려운 면이 있으나, 고밀도 공항의 특화된 CDO 기법 개발을 통하여 연료절감 및 탄소배출량 저감, 소음감소의 성과를 이룬 선진 사례를 들어 국내에 적용할 수 있는 방안에 대하여 장기적으로 연구하고자 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.393-403
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• 2022

Various studies suggest that the initial operating form of UAM, which is being presented as a solution to the urban traffic problem, will be similar to VTOL aircraft among current aircraft. In a form similar to determining the direction of the runway where fixed-wing aircraft take off and land, the vertiport where take-off and landing of VTOL aircraft takes place determines the flight direction of departure and arrival in consideration of the direction of the wind. Unlike areas where airports are generally built, in the case of downtown areas, it is expected that the characteristics of wind may continuously change depending on the environment of changing terrain or obstacles such as the construction of new buildings. In this study, long-term actual observation data for reviewing the take-off and landing directions at the city center where the location of the vertiport is expected are compared using a wind speed map, and the characteristics of the ground wind and the possibility of change in the direction of the predominant wind depending on the observation period and observation location confirmed.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.207-244
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• 2015

Aviation safety is the stage in which the risk of harm to persons or of property damage is reduced to, and maintained at or below, an acceptable level through a continuing process of hazard identification and risk management. Many accidents and incidents have been taking place since 2014, while there had been relatively safer skies before 2014. International civil aviation community has been exerting great efforts to deal with these emerging issues, thus enhancing and ensuring safety throughout the world over the years. The Preamble of the Chicago Convention emphasizes safety and order of international air transport, and so many Articles in the Convention are related to the safety. Furthermore, most of the Annexes to the Convention are International Standards and Recommended Practices pertaining to the safety. In particular, Annex 19, which was promulgated in Nov. 2013, dealing with safety management system. ICAO, as law-making body, has Air Navigation Commission, Council, Assembly to deliberate and make decisions regarding safety issues. It is also implementing USOAP and USAP to supervise safety functions of member States. After MH 370 disappeared in 2014, ICAO is developing Global Tracking System whereby there should be no loophole in tracking the location of aircraft anywhere in world with the information provided by many stakeholders concerned. MH 17 accident drove ICAO to install web-based repository where information relating to the operation in conflict zones is provided and shared. In addition, ICAO has been initiating various solutions to emerging issues such as ebola outbreak and operation under extreme meteorological conditions. Considering the necessity of protection and sharing of safety data and information to enhance safety level, ICAO is now suggesting enhanced provisions to do so, and getting feedback from member States. It has been observed that ICAO has been approaching issues towards problem-solving from four different dimensions. First regarding time, it analyses past experiences and best practices, and make solutions in short, mid and long terms. Second, from space perspective, ICAO covers States, region and the world as a whole. Third, regarding stakeholders it consults with and hear from as many entities as it could, including airlines, airports, community, consumers, manufacturers, air traffic control centers, air navigation service providers, industry and insurers. Last not but least, in terms of regulatory changes, it identifies best practices, guidance materials and provisions which could become standards and recommended practices.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.675-680
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• 2016

This is a study for the improvement of the defected elevator spar in operating aircraft. The elevator spar web holes were analyzed to find out the cause of the cracks. The fatigue striations were observed and the cracks occurred by the repetitive stresses during the elevator works. Also the outboard connection structure of the elevator and horizontal stabilizer was more weak shape than the inboard. The design changes were recommended and the analyses were performed to verify the improvement of the changed shapes.