• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 1998

본 논문에서는 낮은 비트율 CELP 음성 부호화기의 장구간 예측기의 성능 향상 방 법을 제안한다. 비트율을 낮추기 위해서는 분석 구간의 길이가 길어져야하며 이에 따라 장 구간 예측기의 성능이 저하되어 장구간 예측 후에도 준 주기성 성분이 상당량 존재하므로 백색 잡음으로 구성된 통계 코드북만으로는 이를 모델링하기 어려워진다. 제안 방법에서는 다중 대역 필터와 다중 펄스열을 이용하여 한 번 더 필터링(이차 장구간 예측)함으로써 장 구간 예측 후의 신호가 통계 코드북에 적합한 백색 잡음 형태로 되도록 모델링한다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 4.8kbps 비트율로 양자화한 후, 기존에 제안된 같은 전송률의 MBCELP와 DoD-CELP와 비교하였다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법이 기존 부호화기들에 비해 주/객관적인 음질에서 우수한 성능을 보여준다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.116-116
• /
• 2004

편마비 환자의 보행운동 개선을 위한 보조기구로 족부보장구(Ankle Foot Orthosis, A.F.O.)가 활용되고 있다 족부보장구는 Fig. 1에 제시한 바와 같이 보행특성상 무수히 반복되는 충격과 굽힘하중을 받는다. 따라서 족부보장구용 재료는 피로특성이 우수한 탄소섬유 강화재(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic, 이하 CFRP)를 주로 사용한다. 그러나 CFRP의 상용재인 프리프레그(prepreg)는 강한 이방성의 단방향 섬유이므로 섬유방향과 하중작용방향의 관계에 매우 민감하다.(중략)

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.32 no.10
• /
• pp.979-985
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to detect enterococci strain as an indicator of faecal contamination, to identify of 16S rDNA sequence and vancomycin resistance by MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) test from drinking spring-water samples in Seoul. The detection frequency of enterococci was 42 (19.8%) among 212 samples, and its concentration was ranged from 0 to 110 CFU/100 mL. These results were confirmed the possibility as an indicator microorganisms that similar to the frequency of E. coli detection (t test p-value 0.268, significant level 0.05). Isolated 56 enterococci samples were identified by 16S rDNA sequence data and their NCBI BLAST searching. They were identified to Enterococcus faecalis of 24 samples, E. faecium (10), E. casseliflavus (10), E. gallinarum (3), E. hirae (2), E. durans (2), E. sanguinicola (1). E. faecalis was dominant species that clinical case report of a domestic was similar. Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) of 53 samples showed that vanB and vanC1/C2 type with 2 and 12 case, respectively. These results indicated that the drinking spring-water quarantined to fecal pollution for block out outbreak of gastrointestinal symptom with using such as disinfection process.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Recently, enterococcus spp. have become one of the most common nosocomial pathogens with increasing rates of multi-drug resistance. However, study on enterococcal urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children is very limited, especially community acquired UTIs. We studied the clinical characteristics of enterococcus spp. in community acquired UTIs and antibiotic resistance within our urban area. Methods: All children with first episode of community acquired UTIs due to enterococcus spp. and Echerichia coli who were admitted in Pusan National University Children's Hospital between January 2010 and January 2013 were included in our study. We retrospectively reviewed their medical records. Results: During the study period, 201 patients were identified to have first episode of community acquired UTIs. 154 cases were E.coli UTIs (76.6%) and 11 cases were enterococcal UTIs (5.5%) and all enterococcus spp. were Enterococcus feacalis. In enterococcal UTI group, voiding cystourethrogram(VCUG) was performed in 7/11 patients and demonstrated 4 vesicoureteral refluxes (VURs) with renal scar and 3 patients underwent corrective surgery. In E.coli UTI group, VCUG was performed in 121/154 patients and demonstrated 23 VURs and 11 patients underwent corrective surgery. Enterococcal group had significant high rate of underlying urinary abnormalities and surgical corrections compared with E. coli group. All enterococcus spp. were susceptible to ampicillin, vancomycin and linezolid, but all were resistant to tetracycline. They also showed 71.4% resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 20% resistance to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Community acquired enterococcal UTIs in children were rare within our urban area. However, they could be indicative of severe underlying urinary tract abnormalities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.100-102
• /
• 2016

Every crew are in great peril that they should put out a fire on board in person due to a property of ship isolated. Accordingly, it is essential to verify whether the fire-fighter's outfits and fire-fighting scenarios in accordance with present regulations are safe and effective actually. As a result of comparison between shore fire-fighter's outfits and fire-fighting scenarios and those on ship and statistics calculation of the place and frequency of the fire of actual ship, present limitations of fire suppression system and fire-fighter's outfits were proved. In addition, derive the distance to the place on ship that has highest frequency of fire occurrence from examining actual ship's drawings according to their description and size. Finally from experiments in more experimental groups by changing numbers of actual fire-fighters and environment and conduction of survey of a number of crew in active service on ship, the most effective fire-fighter's outfits system and fire-fighting scenarios will be derived.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.469-474
• /
• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality changes in Supraspinatus muscle of Hanwoo with different packaging methods, such as wrapped packaging (C), vacuum packaging (V) and modified atmosphere packaging (MA). These samples were stored for 25 days under $5^{\circ}C$. Each sample was evaluated for pH, volatile basic mitrogen (VBN) value, purge loss, hardness, meat color and microbial counts. From the results obtained, no significant differences were observed among treatments at the pH. The VBN values of MA were significantly lower than those of C. Also, MA was enhanced stability of meat color compared with other packaging methods during storage days. The purge loss was the most in the V samples, followed by the C and the MA was the lowest. Total bacteria counts of MA sample were significantly lower than those from C. Therefore, it has been concluded that MA could be used as an effective packaging since it extends the shelf life and improve the quality of Hanwoo supraspinatus m.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.22-25
• /
• 2000

In this paper, we examine the characteristic of samulnori by the sound analysis techniques. Four instruments of samulnori are constituted with the dual principle of the negative and positive (the male and female) which mean the harmony of each instruments high and low sounds. These sounds are covered the audible whole sounds. Since the fundamental frequencies of jing and janggu sounds are similar to the fundamental frequencies of male and female speech respectively, we feel the affection when we hear the sounds of jing and janggu. Additionally, since human feels the sound not only by ears, but also by the vibration to the skin, the put jing and janggu have the remarkable characteristic of the vibration.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.231-235
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 일개 시 유치원에 입소한 아동 중 5~6세아 부모들을 대상으로 카시트 착용현황과 관련요인에 관한 실태를 파악하여 어린이 안전의식을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 연구이다. 연구대상은 2008년 09월22~09월29일까지 일개 시 유치원 5개소 입소한 아동 중 5~6세아 부모 189명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구결과 유아 연령이 낮고(p=0.128), 남자이며(p=0.474), 어머니의 연령이 30대 이하(p=0.294)일수록 유아 보호용 장구의 착용률이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 어머니의 학력이 고등학교 이하(p=0.009), 아버지 직업(p=0.010)이 사무, 서비스직에 종사자 집단에서 유아보호용 장구 착용이 유의하게 나타났다. 또한 유아 보호용 장구 무상 대여사업에 대한 인지율 조사에서 월 평균 소득 300만원 미만(p=0.009)인 자에게서 유의하게 나타났으며, 유아 보호장구 장착에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 카시트 관련교육 유무와 부 직업에 따라 유의하게 나타났다.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.16 no.3_2
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2016

Korea's police force has successfully performed its difficult mission of maintaining public order while overcoming difficulties at home and abroad during the past half century. However, the environment in which the forces of law a nd order operate has exponentially increased the demand for, and difficulties faced by, the agents of law enforcement in recent years because of the country's rapid globalization, as well as the move to democracy and localization, and the extensive developments in industrialization and information technology diffusion. This study also intends to investigate the appropriate limits of law enforcement and the use of force by policemen, and the general public's perception of the police as they fulfill their duty of protecting citizens' rights.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.888-893
• /
• 2004

The effect of irradiation and packaging methods (vacuum vs aerobic) on microbial growth, electron donating ability, and lipid oxidation in marinated beef rib (Galbi) was investigated. The total aerobic bacteria in Gazlbi reduced significantly with the increase of irradiation dose, and the effect was more significant in the Galbi with vacuum packaging, The pH showed a decreasing trend during storage and this change was more significant in the Galbi with aerobic packaging. Electron donating ability of Galbi was reduced by irradiation in aerobic packaging but no difference was found in vacuum packaging except 7 days. The 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value of Galbi increased by irradiation in aerobic packaging during storage time, but that of vacuum packaging was maintained an initial value. Results indicated that irradiation coupled with vacuum packaging may enhance the microbial safety of Korean traditional meat products, Galbi, with minimum quality changes during storage.