• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.407-408
• /
• 2003

농약은 작물에 피해를 주는 병해충이나 잡초방제는 물론 필요에 따라 작물의 생장을 조절하여 농작물의 수량 및 품질을 향상시키는데 사용되며 농산물의 유통 및 저장기간 중 신선도를 유지시키는데 사용되는 중요한 농업용 자재이다. 그러나 농약사용으로 얻어지는 많은 이점에도 불구하고 살포된 농약으로 인해 건강이나 환경에 피해를 주고있다. 하지만 지금까지의 연구는 농약의 잔류량에 대한 연구만 있을 뿐 대기오염발생량에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 농약 사용에 의한 VOC 배출량 산정방법을 검토하고 배출량을 산정하였다. (중략)

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.113-132
• /
• 2003

In May 2001, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) for phasing out and eliminating POPs was signed by 90 countries at the Diplomatic Meeting in Stockholm. In 1998, three years before the Convention, the protocols on POPs and heavy metals were adopted by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. Growing attention on POPs and heavy metals during the past 10 years is primarily due to their toxicity in minute quantities. POPs and some metal compounds are even more toxic because of their bioaccumulation potentials associated with a high lipid solubility. Furthermore, owing to their persistence and semi - volatility, they are widely distributed in the environment, traveling great distances on wind and water currents. Recent international cooperation to address POPs and heavy metals has focused on these issues. Long -range transport of those pollutants are particularly concerned since Korea is located downwind of prevailing westerlies from China. In this paper, a review is provided to assess the properties, sources, emissions, and atmospheric concentrations on POPs and heavy metals.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.393-398
• /
• 2006

As ratification of the Stockholm Convention to eliminate or reduce the release of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) into the environment draws near, the Government and industries are actively developing appropriate management and control measures. However, considerable work is needed in order to clarify vast uncertainties imposed in management and control of POPs while handling POPs is extremely difficult because of their toxicity and low levels in the environment. In this note, some major factors to be considered for effective management and control of POPs are reviewed on the basis of recent findings.

• Agrochemical news magazine
• /
• v.17 no.5 s.134
• /
• pp.68-75
• /
• 1996

''소비자는 통상 매스컴에서 많이 다루고 있는 식품중 잔류농약, 항생물질이나 방사선 조사식품에서 대한 우려를 많이 하고 있다. 그러나 식품과학적 측면에서 이와같은 오염물질에 의한 위해발생 가능성은 별로 높지않다. 오히려 우리가 별 문제가 없다고 생가가하고 있는 식품중 미생물의 증식이나 영양적 불균형이 더 큰 위해발생 요인이다.'' ''발생가능한 모든 위해를 완전히 차단하는 것은 현실적으로 불가능할 분만 아니라 국민건강상 더 큰 위해를 초래할 수 있다. 그러나 대부분의 국민들은 단순히 적은 가능성일 뿐인 위해발생에 더 관심이 많고, 그 실익에 대해서는 모르거나 현실상황을 외면하는 경우가 많아 식품위생행정에 대한 불신이 증폭되고 있다. '' 최근 산국식품연구원의 송인상 박사는 한국농촌의학회지를 통해 발표한 $\ulcorner$식품의 안전성 확보를 위한 과제들$\lrcorner$이란 주제에서 이같이 지적하고 식품위생에 대한 보다 정확하고 과학적인 지식을 소비자에게 제공하는 교육과 홍보의 기능이 매우 중요하다고 주장했다. 주요내용을 발췌 소개한다.

• Agrochemical news magazine
• /
• v.17 no.5 s.134
• /
• pp.76-76
• /
• 1996

''소비자는 통상 매스컴에서 많이 다루고 있는 식품중 잔류농약, 항생물질이나 방사선 조사식품에서 대한 우려를 많이 하고 있다. 그러나 식품과학적 측면에서 이와같은 오염물질에 의한 위해발생 가능성은 별로 높지않다. 오히려 우리가 별 문제가 없다고 생가가하고 있는 식품중 미생물의 증식이나 영양적 불균형이 더 큰 위해발생 요인이다.'' ''발생가능한 모든 위해를 완전히 차단하는 것은 현실적으로 불가능할 분만 아니라 국민건강상 더 큰 위해를 초래할 수 있다. 그러나 대부분의 국민들은 단순히 적은 가능성일 뿐인 위해발생에 더 관심이 많고, 그 실익에 대해서는 모르거나 현실상황을 외면하는 경우가 많아 식품위생행정에 대한 불신이 증폭되고 있다. '' 최근 산국식품연구원의 송인상 박사는 한국농촌의학회지를 통해 발표한 $\ulcorner$식품의 안전성 확보를 위한 과제들$\lrcorner$이란 주제에서 이같이 지적하고 식품위생에 대한 보다 정확하고 과학적인 지식을 소비자에게 제공하는 교육과 홍보의 기능이 매우 중요하다고 주장했다. 주요내용을 발췌 소개한다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 1992

Transport behaviors of Cs-137 and Sr-90 were analyzed and ingestion doses were calculated using dynamic model for rice field-rice-man pathway. Cs-137 binding strongly to soil remain longer in rice field than Sr-90. Foliar deposition on rice plant during growing period is the main contamination mechanism.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2009

A non-discharged system of sequentially physico-chemical water treatment was used to treat the contaminated water produced from washing system of soils according to full-scale soil washing. After washing the TPH contaminated soils, the remaining concentrations of COD$_{Mn}$, SS, and n-hexane were analyzed for each compartment to estimate the treatment efficiencies of non-discharged system. Three times of sampling events were conducted for 4 different compartments (sediment tank, flocculation tank, oil/water separator, and process-water tank). In addition, soil washing efficiencies and concentrations of each parameter (COD$_{Mn}$, SS, and n-hexane) for process-water tank were analyzed for about 8 months. As results, the average efficiency of soil washing was high to have 95.9%, regardless of the condition of TPH contamination level for soils, as well as the concentrations of COD$_{Mn}$, SS, and n-hexane in the process-water tank were below the regulation limits of the Water Environmental Conserveation Act. Accordingly, the full-scale washing treatment system in this study could make the washing water 100% recycled which lead the system to be environmentally-friendly and economical.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.245-253
• /
• 2015

Total acid digestion and 1 M HCl extraction methods were used to investigate the pollution status and the degree of ecological risk of trace metals in surface sediments from the Ulsan-Onsan coast. Total concentrations of trace metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg) were two-fold higher in surface sediments from Onsan coast than in those from Ulsan coast. The mean labile fractions of the total concentrations of Cd and Pb were 72% and 78%, respectively, indicating a high contribution from anthropogenic sources, whereas Cr, Li, Ni, and As in the residual fraction exceeded 80%, indicating a high contribution from natural sources. According to the results of assessment of trace metal pollution using the sediment quality guidelines in Korea, the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Hg were higher than the values of the probable effects level (PEL) at some stations of Onsan coast, and the concentrations of Cr and Ni were lower than the values of the threshold effects level (TEL). The pollution level and ecological risk of the trace metals were analyzed using various indexes (EF, $I_{geo}$, m-PEL-Q, and ERI). Our results showed that the degree of pollution by trace metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg) on the Ulsan-Onsan coast was high, and Hg and Cd were the major potential ecological risk factors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.603-608
• /
• 2018

Although the voltage-applied discharge method is most widely used in the semiconductor and display industries, periodic management costs are incurred because the method causes defects due to the absorption of ambient fine dust and causes emitter tip contamination due to the discharge. The emitter tip contamination problem is caused by the accumulation of fine particles in ambient air due to the corona discharge of the ionizer. Fuzzy ball generation accelerates the wear of the emitter tip and deteriorates the performance of the ionizer. Although a mechanical cleaning method using a manual brush or an automatic brush is effective for contaminant removal, it requires management of additional mechanical parts by the user. In some cases, contaminants accumulated in the emitter may be transferred to the wafer or product. In order to solve this problem, we developed an ionizer for a clean environment that can remove the pencil-type emitter tip and directly ionize the surrounding gas molecules using the tungsten wire located inside the ion tank. As a result of testing and certification by the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, the average concentration was $0.7572particles/ft^3$, the decay time was less than two seconds, and the ion valance was 7.6 V, which is satisfactory.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2008

In order to choose alternative environmental-friendly cleaning agents, it is very important in the present point that the systematic selection procedures should be introduced and applied to the industry through the evaluation of their cleaning ability, environmental characteristics, and economical factors, and that the objective and effective evaluation methods of cleanliness should be established for the industry. Thus, a novel cleaning evaluation method utilizing optically stimulated electron emission (OSEE) among various methods of cleaning ability was studied in this study. The contaminants used in this cleaning experiments were flux, solder, grease, cutting oil, and mixed soil of 35% grease and 65% cutting oil. The cleaning agents developed or prepared in our laboratory were employed and their cleaning ability were comparatively evaluated by the OSEE, gravimetry and contact angle methods. The experimental results in this work showed that flux cleaning efficiency measured by the OSEE method was similar to that of the gravimetric method, but that the OSEE method could not be compared with gravimetric method for the case of solder or grease cleaning because the contaminants radiate or absorb ultra-violet light. In case of cutting oil cleaning, the gravimetric method indicated its limitation of cleaning efficiency of cutting oil since it showed cleaning efficiency of 100%, even though residual soil remaining on the substrate surface a little after its cleaning. The comparative experimental results of cleaning ability evaluated by the OSEE- and contact angle measurement methods showed that they were similar in case of cleaning of flux, mixed soil and cutting oil. It was judged that the contact angle measurement method could evaluate the cleaning ability more precisely than the OSEE method for cleaning solder and grease.