• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.68-75
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• 2000

상대방에게 의사를 전달할 때 보다 정확하게 자신의 의도를 표현하려면 대화의 흐름에 맞는 적절한 억양을 주어 발화해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 결함범주문법을 이용하여 문장을 분석하고 문장 내 정보와 문장 간 정보 즉, 문맥에 따라 강세(pitch accent), 휴지(pause), 강조 등의 억양정보를 어떻게 나타내야 하는지를 분석하여 문장의 정보구조에 추가하는 방법을 제시한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2001.10d
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• pp.365-372
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• 2001

한국어나 일본어는 영어 등 서구의 언어와 비교하여 매우 발달된 경어 체계를 가지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 경어 체계는 이들 언어를 모국어로 사용하지 않는 사람들을 포함하여 모국어로 사용하는 많은 사람들까지도 정확하게 구사하기는 어려워 하는 것이 현실이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 경어 체계의 정확한 구사 능력은 적절한 어휘 선택 능력과 함께 자연스러운 의사 소통을 위한 중요한 언어 능력으로 간주되고 있다. 특히 기계번역기나 문법검사기를 구현하고자 할 때 이러한 경어 체계를 정확하게 이해하는 시스템의 구현은 한 차원 높은 자연스러운 표현을 제공하기 위하여 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국어의 경어 체계를 조사하고 결합범주문법을 통하여 이를 검증하는 시스템을 소개한 뒤 사극 대본을 대상으로 하여 이 시스템의 성능을 확인한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2001.10d
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• pp.503-508
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• 2001

본 논문은 자연언어생성 기술을 이용하여 질병에 대한 기술문을 생성해 내는 시스템에서 사용되는 표층 생성기에 대해서 다루고 있다. 표층 생성기는 문장의 추상적인 표현으로부터 통사적으로, 형태론적으로 올바른 텍스트로 생성하여 내는 것을 목표로 한다. 질병에 관한 기술문에 있는 문장들은 두가지 특징을 가지고 있다. 첫번째로, 질병 기술문의 문장들은 토픽-코멘트 구조로 나타내어질 수 있다. 두번째로, 같은 의미 범주에 속하는 문장들은 같은 토픽을 가진다. 따라서, 토픽은 의미범주로부터 유추될 수 있으므로 표층 생성기의 입력인 구 명세 (phrase specification)에 표현될 필요가 없다. 본 논문에서는 이런 특징을 이용하여 효율적인 표층 생성기를 만들기 위하여 표층 생성의 단계를 내부 표현 생성과 외부 문장 생성의 두 단계로 나누었다. 내부 표현 생성 단계에서는 코멘트에 해당하는 부분을 생성하고 외부 문장 생성 단계에서 의미범주 태그에 따라 토픽을 첨가하여 최종 문장으로 생성하였다. 이런 방법으로 실험한 결과, 본 표층 생성기는 문법에 맞으면서 자연스러운 텍스트를 생성해 낸다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.22-34
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• 2020

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.231-243
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the duplication problem of achievement standards between science and other subjects in the 2009 Revised National Curriculum and to search for solutions and implications for this problem. From the results of this study, we found that the achievement standards of practical arts, social studies, physical education and ethics were overlapped with science's ones. The duplication of content elements for 'our body and health', 'living things and environment', 'biodiversity' and 'natural disaster' categories was not high, that is, their achievement standards were relatively well-differentiated and reflected the intrinsic characteristic of each subject under common topics. But, in case of 'reproduction and development' and 'world of technology' categories, the problem of duplications was serious. In order to cope with this problem, we need to consider solutions such as merging or integrating the achievement standards of related subjects. The relevant experts should conduct in-depth discussion and negotiation, and develop achievement standards more consistent with the identity of each subject.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.41
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• pp.275-298
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• 2015

This paper is to examine in detail the relevant aspects of "Nature" and "Elegant Beauty" appearring in Cho, Chi-Hoon's poems and poetics. It uses the same context to explain the reasons and grounds for the inevitable, corresponding closely to his poetry and poetics. It is the core of Cho Chi-Hoon's poetry to determine "natural" new artistic views and his vision of ultra-modernism. This is consistent with the precise feature of "Elegant Beauty" in the midst of aesthetic categories profoundly discusseing his poetics. He regards a "lyric" as a vision of ultra-modernism, to overcome divisions and conflicts of values, "Truth Good Beauty", which was caused by modern science. Furthermore, it includes many social issues in accordance with the differentiation and specialization of each area. It is inferred to have been attempted to produce specifically was found to shape new images of "Nature" in the dimension of his poems, "Elegant Beauty" is overwhelmed with the aesthetic excellence of the other categories in the dimension of his poetics in this context.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.17-20
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• 1996

We show Equivariant Serre Problem in real algebraic category is true when dimension of the fiber is one i.e., we show an equivariant line bundle over a real representation space is isomorphic to a product bundle of a real representation space and some G-module.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2002.10e
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• pp.317-324
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• 2002

참조현상이란 이미 언급되었던 혹은 이미 알고 있다고 여겨지는 정보에 대한 재표현이다. 참조현상은 자연언어처리 분야에서뿐만 아니라 인지과학, 심리학, 철학분야에서도 활발하게 연구되는 현상으로 참조표현인 조응사(anaphora)의 선행사(antecedent)를 채택하는 방법에 따라 그 성능이 좌우된다. 자연언어문장으로부터 멀티동화를 생성을 위한 애니메이션 제어 스크립트 명령들에서의 참조해결은 선행 정보의 적절한 참조를 바탕으로 자연스러운 애니메이션 장면을 생성하는데 있어서 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 동화의 자연언어 문장에 나타나는 참조현상들에 대해 살펴보고 결합범주문법을 이용하여 참조현상을 해결하는 방법과 구현방법에 대해 논의한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.753-764
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• 2006

The concept of blood circulation is so complex, dynamic and abstract that students have difficulty in understanding it and students' preconceptions hardly change into scientific concepts even after the lessons. The purpose of this study is to examine middle school, high school, and undergraduate students' understanding of blood circulation and to find the reason why the lack of deep understanding is displayed in students' explanations for the blood circulation. The study consists of three parts. First, the test was designed to investigate students' ideas for blood circulation as components of the structure, the function, the behavior and the mechanism. Second, the test was applied to 7th, 10th and 13th graders to investigate the students' understanding of blood circulation and categorize the types of students' blood circulation model according to their academic level. Finally, the concepts the students had little understanding of were analyzed to decide which ontological category they fell into and further to inquire the characteristics of each concept. The results showed that many students comprehend the structure and the function of blood circulation components well, and there was no significant difference in students' understanding according to the academic level. In contrast, understanding the behavior and the mechanism of circulatory components has remarkably improved in high school students and undergraduates majoring in science and engineering. Also, students' blood circulation models were classified into seven different types. High school students and undergraduates majoring in science and engineering demonstrated a significantly higher percentage on the type of double-loop-branch compared to other academic levels. In addition, it was found that the lack of deep understanding was caused by students' misconceiving the 'equilibrium' category as 'event' category.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2020

The prosody of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has several abnormal features, including monotonous speech. The purpose of this study was to compare acoustic features between an ASD group and a typically developing (TD) group and within the ASD group. The study also examined audience perceptions of the lengthening effect of increasing the number of syllables. 50 participants were divided into two groups (20 with ASD and 30 TD), and they were asked to imitate a total of 28 sentences. In the auditory-perceptual evaluation, seven participants chose sentence types in 115 sentences. Pitch, intensity, speech rate, and pitch slope were used to analyze the significant differences. In conclusion, the ASD group showed higher pitch and intensity and a lower overall speaking rate than the TD group. Moreover, there were significant differences in s2 slope of interrogative sentences. Finally, based on the auditory-perceptual evaluation, only 4.3% of interrogative sentences produced by participants with ASD were perceived as declarative sentences. The cause of this abnormal prosody has not been clearly identified; however, pragmatic ability and other characteristics of autism are related to ASD prosody. This study identified prosodic ASD patterns and suggested the need to develop treatments to improve prosody.