• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.205-230
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• 2005

This study empirically examines if there is a certain linkage between the production regimes and welfare systems; and if linked, how they are linked. It also investigates what the different regimes performed in terms of economic growth and redistribution. As a matter of fact, we have a series of studies that explores structural diversity of production and welfare. However, the existing studies are limited in that they consider only specific facets of the structure, although the structure of welfare capitalism should be studied as a comprehensive whole. This is the gap which this study tries to overcome. The study is composed of two major parts. The first one is the cluster analysis that examines if Esping-Andersen's notion about three different welfare regime and the thesis of diversity of capitalism can be dealt within a single research framework. The second is the ANOVA analysis investigating if variables of production and welfare are to be statistically different in the trichotomy framework. According to the result of the analyses, we can find at least two important evidences about institutional complementaries of production and welfare. First, Esping-Andersen's framework is useful to comprehensively deal with production as well as welfare. Secondly, there are statistically different regimes of production and welfare in the context of political economic and social policy variables. What is the most striking conclusion of the study is that there is no difference among the regimes in terms of the level of economic efficiency; while we can find a huge differences in terms of the level of welfare effectiveness. In conclusion, there is no substantive evidence to argue that welfare is innately antithesis of economic growth.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.408-422
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• 2013

This paper builds on recent scholarly endeavours to establish a body of knowledge on Varieties of Asian Capitalism/Asian Business Systems. The forthcoming Oxford handbook of Asian business systems systematically compares institutional capitalist arrangements across Asia including Laos, yet there is no chapter on Cambodia. The objective of this paper is to compare the Lao and Cambodian varieties of Asian capitalism, with special reference to the role of the state and the economic geography of both countries. Accordingly, it seeks answers to the questions as to how territory has become a key arena for re-organising economic power and how the Lao and Cambodian state themselves are being transformed through state capitalism and the Beijing-Seoul-Tokyo Consensus. A comparative analysis reveals a difference between state-coordinated frontier capitalism in Laos versus patrimonial oligarchy in Cambodia. Interdependencies between the market and the state in Laos display the state as active and interventionist. In some provinces the central government leaves decision making to provincial elites contributing to the emergence of other distinctive regional varieties of capitalism. The rising spatially less selective oligarchs in Cambodia focus relatively more on markets, but are certainly not seeking free markets with equal entry opportunities. The findings offer interesting possibilities for further research on the spaces of Asian capitalism, both from an empirical and theoretical perspective. More work should be done to accommodate the role of small and medium enterprises and theories need to better integrate oligarchic, personal and familial capitalism. Finally, comparative corridor studies in Laos could lead to better insights into the nature of regional varieties of capitalism.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.83-108
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• 2008

A analytical framework is suggested to explain how different standardization each country makes with incorporation of institutional elements such as the state's intervention and inter-firm relations which are considered to have a significant effect on it. Application to mobile telecommunication industry of the framework shows that different innovation system has its own technological standardization. In isolated inter-firm relation system, standardization is achieved through market but in cooperative one, through coordinating activities between participant firms. The state, however, intervenes more deeply in standardization and inter-firm relations are shorter in state-led and isolated firm relation system than in state-led and cooperative firm relation system.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.289-309
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• 2013

Social enterprise has moved from periphery to take center stage. Social enterprises are a truly global phenomenon and associated with solving social problems with business approaches. While the numbers of social enterprises have grown and their impact is likely to continue to do so, it would be dangerous to assume that the revolutionary momentum will automatically continue, because social enterprise faced sustainability challenges. This study collected the data from directory of Korean Social Enterprise to conduct a quantitative research on the growth of social enterprise in South Korea. This study conducted longitudinal analysis of 491 social enterprise certified between 2007 and 2010, of economic performance with financial index and social impact with employment structure. Though global financial crisis, Korean social enterprises show that there is a considerable increase in all of quantitative and qualitative aspects. Korean social enterprises have provided meaningful work to those normally excluded from the labour market and tried to raise their life of working. In the future, Korean social enterprises should find a way to balance social and financial performance and ensure the sustainability of the business.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.355-368
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• 2010

This study is to make a framework of newly interpretating the dynamic change of regional or local landscape rapidly occurred after the establishment of the nation state and capitalistic system. The basic concepts of making an interpretative framework are power, subjectivity, and performativity. The framework of closely interrelating the three concepts developed in the near future will be applied to the interpretation of variety of (de)centralized landscapes in regions or locals. A centralized political power under the nation state has destroyed or marginalized the historically developed landscapes, traditional culture, and subjects' values in regions or locals by the political implementation of the nation state, the establishment of national identity, a centralized economic development, and so on. The landscapes produced by the political power of the nation state can take a role as a cause of conflicts in regions or locals in terms of a historical perspective. Landscapes are being made by various subjects, and the produced landscapes also positively or negatively will influence the emotion, cognition, and behavior of the subjects particularly in a performative perspective. The dynamics interrelation between subjects and landscapes has been disguised or marginalized by reason/rationality, totality/collectivity, the separation between reason and emotion mainly made by modernism, the nation state, a capitalistic system. The interrelation between landscapes and subjects is especially emphasized on people's resistibility and creativity. Lastly, landscape is not a concept given as a priori or (re)presented objectively. It is not also a material or an object independently existed from a subject's emotion and cognition. It should be interpreted through a performative relation with subjects. Performativity will take an active role of combining the materiality of landscape, power, and subjectivity. It is also important to understand the active role of landscapes.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.288-310
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• 2017

This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework to see the special zones in East Asia in relation to the territorialities of the state. For this, it will introduce Aihwa Ong's notion of 'spaces of exception', and provide some critical discussions on it. Unlike Ong, I do not see the spaces of exception as an outcome of neoliberal changes of the state. Instead, I propose to see the special zones in terms of the internal limitations of the modern state territoriality. In particular, I try to theorize the special zones in relation to the dialectics of the contradictory relations between mobility and fixity inherent in the territoriality of the modern nation state. In addition, it will be suggested to see special zones as an essential part of the spatiality of the East Asian developmental states, given the spatio-temporal contexts of the East Asian capitalist development. On the basis of these theoretical discussions, this paper will divide the special zones that have been developed in East Asia since the 1960s into 3 different types, including 1) developmentalist special zones, 2) neo-liberal special zones, and 3) special zones for transition, and discuss their characteristics.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.69
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• pp.71-110
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• 2015

Beyond the technological behaviorism-oriented notion of prosumers, the current study explores the question of digital creative labour of the youth in the interrelated context of post-capitalist crisis and neoliberal ethos of selfhood. This analysis is situated particularly in the social conflicts and struggles in Korea, where the problems related to the precarization of the younger generation have been increasingly aggravated (in the realm of embodied reality) whereas their digital activities have been highly expressive (in the realm of mediated reality). The contradictions embedded in the question of the labour of the youth are delineated in the respect of the subjectivities of young free labour, or 'digital creative labour' in proposed terms: the precarious young free labour in Korea is the compound of social fragmentation, economic polarization, expansion of cognitive and emotion labour, boom of hedonistic consumerism, economic-cultural celebration of creativity and self-entrepreneurship, technological saturation of digital media, subjective/collective affects around excitement and ambition but also of anxiety and fear. The ambivalence and complexity of the young free labour is converged at the emergence of homo-economicus (Michel Foucault) through the subjectivation of the social (con)fusion of post-capitalist crisis and neoliberal governmentality of selfhood.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2021

통계청의 '인구주택총조사' 결과(2019년 11월 1일)를 기준으로 발표한 '2019 지방자치단체 외국인 주민 현황'을 보면, 국내 체류 외국인은 2,216,612명으로 지난해인 2018년 2,054,621명에 비해 161,991명(7.9%) 증가했다. 이러한 결과는 우리나라 전체 인구(51,850,705명) 중 4.3%에 해당하며, 외국인 주민 최초 조사 연도인 2006년 536,627명과 비교했을 때 4배 이상 증가한 것을 확인할 수 있다. 국내 이민자들의 수가 증가함에 따라, 우리가 생각해야 할 점은 그동안 다문화 관련 정책적 환경이 급변하였을 뿐 아니라, 환경적 변화에 맞게 정책의 변화도 지속해서 이루어졌다는 것이다. 또한, 다문화가족의 양적 증가뿐 아니라, 거주 기간도 장기화되면서 초기 적응이라는 정책보다 구체적이고 포괄적인 새로운 정책 요구를 파악할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 따라서 다문화가정 결혼이주여성들의 창업 의지에 미치는 요인들을 연구하는 것은 향후 다양한 다문화 정책 수립 및 창업, 경제활동 활성화에 있어 큰 의미가 있다. 다문화가정 결혼이주여성에 대한 창업 의지에 영향을 주는 요인에 관한 연구는 학문적으로 중요한 의미를 갖는데, 선행연구는 주로 북한이탈주민 및 다문화 이민자의 문화지능 또는 사회체제 등이 창업 의지에 영향을 미치는지 초점을 두어왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 다문화 이주민의 창업 의지에 관한 기존 선행연구들을 바탕으로 다문화가정 결혼이주여성들의 창업 의지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 실증분석해 보는 데 있는데, 해당 요인들을 파악함으로써 앞으로 다문화가정 결혼이주여성들의 창업 활성화를 위한 정부와 대학의 역할을 논의해 보고자 한다. 다문화가정 결혼이주여성들의 창업 의지에 영향을 미치는 영향은 개인적 특성(기업가정신)인 '진취성', '혁신성', '위험감수성', '기회 인식'과 긍정심리자본 특성인 '자기효능감', '희망', '회복력', '낙관주의' 등을 선정하였다. 해당 요인들을 바탕으로 수도권에 거주 중인 다문화가정 결혼이주여성들에게 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 설문조사 결과로 신뢰성 분석과 요인분석, 다중회귀 분석, 상관관계 분석 등을 통하여 본 연구에서 설계한 가설들을 검증해 보고자 한다.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.15-29
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• 2015

This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship between management ownership and corporate performance and stock returns indicates the ownership structure of the company to target the listed companies in China over the past five years from 2010 to 2014. The empirical results are as follows: Management ownership gave an impact on stock returns, especially high-stakes management ownership showed significant positive effect with the stock returns. But management ownership don't have significant positive effect with ROA. The contribution of this study is as follows. Chinese companies have the efficiency of the management through the separation of ownership and management in accordance with the changes realized in capitalism. And this study is reflecting the fact of China using the Chinese data. This study has limitations of that. Management ownership measurement of governance structure don't expand the range, and measurement of governance structure is just one. The following studies are expected to be more sophisticated by comparison of countries.