• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.440-453
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• 2020

Given the dynamics of the changing economic or financial conditions in Chungcheong province in the domestic capital market, foreign and domestic investments are expected to continually increase their investments in volume and size in this particular province. Considering the unprecedented business climate, it may be essential to examine the primary financial aspects, such as corporate profitability, growth rate, and capital structure, which may work as effective catalysts to enhance corporate value. Concerning the outcomes, five proposed variables, such as market-value based leverage ratio, growth rate, Tobin's Q, business risk, and R&D intensity, highlighted the significant effects to determine the current level of profitability. Moreover, two variables, such as profitability and firm size, shared commonalities to discriminate between firms in the Chungcheong province (96 firms) and their counterparts (746 firms) in the other domestic provinces in terms of the growth rate and financial leverage. In contrast, three variables, including the interaction effect and firm size, had pronounced effects on profitability. The results of the study are expected to help enhance the corporate value in Chungcheong province by controlling the level of each significant factor.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.969-974
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the service life of reinforced concrete structures for durability design. The service life has three aspects physical service life, functional service life, and social service life, and that a structures are normally demolished to end its service life when either the functional or social service life is over before the physical service life comes to end an end. In the future, it is very important that durability design shall be performed establishing design service life and the unallowable state of deterioration in the course of design service life.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.51-71
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• 2009

We pursue empirically influential determinants of risk-sharing across various groups in the United States. We consider all the possible combinations out of the eight BEA economic regions and relate the risk-sharing measure for each group to sectoral composition difference under the control of the state-level macroeconomic and financial characteristics. Our results show that more active risk-sharing via cross-ownership market is observed in groups exhibiting more different sectoral composition. The evidence implies that, given other economic and financial conditions equal, economic union tends to share more consumption risk among its members that are more heterogeneous in their sectoral composition. These days, many countries aim to form FTA and other forms of economic integration. We suggest that they should pay attention to sectoral composition for member countries to minimizes income shock in the integrated economy.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.69-96
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• 1994

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 국내(國內) 증시개방(證市開放)이 원화환율(貨換率)에 미친 영향(影響)에 대하여 이론적(理論的)인 모형(模型) 제시(提示)와 함께 실증분석(實證分析)을 시도하였다. 시간변동계수모형(時間變動係數模型)을 이용한 환율방정식(換率方程式) 추정결과에 의하면 1980년대 말 이후부터 증시(證市)를 통한 해외자금 유출입에 직접적인 영향을 주는 국내외(國內外) 주식수익율(株式收益率) 격차(隔差)의 환율절상효과(換率切上效果)가 지속적으로 증가(增加)한 것으로 나타났다. 반면 80년대에 걸쳐 주된 환율결정요인이었던 경상수지(經常收支)는 90년대 들어 환율변동에 미친 영향력이 현저하게 약화(弱化)된 것으로 나타났다. 이는 외환(外換)및 자본규제정책(資本規制政策)의 변화 등 구조변화(構造變化)에 기인된 현상으로 판단되며, 90년대에 들어서면서 환율(換率)이 경상수지보다는 경상수지와 자본수지를 더한 종합수지(綜合收支)에 더 큰 영향(影響)을 받고 있음을 의미한다. 위의 분석결과는 증시의 추가개방 등 자본자유화가 확대될 경우 원화절상압력(貨切上壓力)이 가중되고 이에 따른 수출경쟁력(輸出鏡爭力) 약화(弱化)로 종합수지(綜合收支)는 흑자(黑字)를 기록하면서 경상수지(經常收支) 적자(赤字)가 크게 늘어날 가능성이 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 수출경쟁력(輸出競爭力)을 유지하기 위해서는 실질실효환율(實質實效換率)기준으로 원화환율이 안정될 수 있도록 안정적(安定的)인 재정(財政) 통화운용(通貨運用)으로 대응해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.191-196
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• 2013

The proportion of small and medium sized enterprises based on the number of corporations in China is 99%, the number of employees is 80%, and the proportion of GDP is 60%. These facts show that small and medium sized enterprises have an very significant effect on the economic growth of China. However, most of the researches conducted so far have studied large corporations, thus, there are relatively insufficient researches on the determinant of the capital structure of small and medium sized enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to confirm the factors that determine the capital structure of small and medium sized enterprises in China. To achieve this purpose, we performed multiple regression method to 45 small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange of China. Results of this study are as follows. First, the growth appeared to have a significant positive effect to the debt ratio in 1% significance level. Second, the profitability appeared to have a significant negative effect to debt ratio in 1% significance level. Third, the firm size appeared to have no effect on the debt ratio. Fourth, the secured value and tax shield effect by non-debt appeared to have a weak positive effect on the debt ratio, however these variables showed statistical insignificant.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2096-2109
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• 2012

This study investigates empirical issues that have received little attention in the previous research in the Korean capital market. It is to find any financial determinants on the capital structure for the firms listed in the KOSDAQ(Korea Securities Dealers Automated Quotation). Another test is performed to find any possible discriminating factors by utilizing a robust methodology, which may distinguish between the firms belonging the 'prime section' and the 'venture section' in terms of their financial aspects. Moreover, the null hypothesis that the changing trend or movement of a firm's capital structure with respect to its industry mean (or median) may be random, is also tested. For the book-value based debt ratios, size(INSIZE), growth(GROWTH), Market to book value of equity(MVBV), volatility(VOLATILITY), market value of equity (MVE) and section dummy (SECTION) showed their statistically significant effects on the book-value based leverage ratios, respectively, while size(INSIZE), growth(GROWTH), market value of equity(MVE), beta(BETA) and section dummy (SECTION) showed their statistically significant effects on the market-value based leverage ratios. This study also found an interesting result that a firm belonging to each corresponding industry has a tendency for reversion toward its mean and median leverage ratios over the five-year tested period.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.431-457
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• 2007

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of innovation in the medium core firms that belong to components and materials industry. For this purpose, we introduce the Schumpeterian hypothesis as a theoretical background at first. According to the Schumpeterian hypothesis, large firms in concentrated markets are likely to have more innovative activities. That means, firm site and market structure are the main determinant of innovation. Then, we propose other economic factors that have been considered to have effects on firms' innovative activities in previous studies. Those factors are export, profit, growth rate, R&D expenditure and capital intensity. In order to analyze the determinants of innovation, we estimate whether firm size, market structure, export, profit, growth rate, R&D expenditure and capital intensity affect to the possibility of creating innovation in medium core firms. In order to do this, our study uses survey data from 'Korean Innovation Survey(2005)' conducted by STEPI as well as utilizes the probit model as an analytical method. According to the empirical results, firm size has a positive relationship with innovative activities of medium core firms but market concentration does not. We find the negative correlation between market concentration and innovative activities in this study. Thus, was have to say that we do not fully support the Schumpeterian hypothesis in this case. Among other variables, profit and R&D expenditure are estimated to have positive relationship with innovative activities, while export and capital intensity are estimated to have negative relationship with innovative activities. In case of growth rate, we do not find any significant relationship with innovative activities. In conclusion, larger firm size, higher market competition, more access to the financial market and additional R&D investment would facilitate innovative activities of medium core firms. However, we have to review the relationship between export and innovative activities that has been estimated in this study. While the estimated effect of export on innovative activities can be explained by the own characteristics of medium core firms that produce and supply capital goods to final manufacturer, we have address this issue in the future.

• 사회경제평론
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.39-69
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• 2018

We measured industrial labor income shares and investigated their determinants. Excluding industries where non-wage earners are not countable, we constructed 22 industry labor income shares from 1993 to 2015. Even though labor income shares in manufacturing industries declined more than in service industries, the economy-wide decline was not driven by structural changes but by within-industry effects. We found that rise in capital-labor ratio, R&D intensity, export dependence, and irregular job ratio contributed to the fall in labor income shares. When we examined manufacturing industries separately, overall results were about the same. But in that case we had additional findings that the rise in import dependence and outsourcing ratio lowered labor's shares, while minimum wage increases raised them.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.87-92
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• 2021

해외 선진국을 중심으로 전 세계적으로 경기침체와 저성장, 저고용이 일어나고 있으며, 고용구조의 변화, 여성 운동, 도시 인구 이동, 환경오염, 장애인 일자리, 저출산 고령화시대, 청소년 문제, 평화문제 등 많은 사회문제들이 생겨나고 있다. 이들 국가는 이러한 다양한 사회문제들을 해결하기 위해 사회 서비스를 제공하고, 사회적 가치를 추구하기 위해 사회적기업(social enterprises), 사회적기업가 등을 육성하고 있다. 이는 우리나라도 마찬가지이며, 국내에 '사회적기업육성법'이 도입된 지 11년이 지났다. 그러나 2018년 10월을 기준으로 사회적기업은 2,030개에 불과한데, 이는 우리나라에서 사회적기업을 창업하고 성공하는 것이 얼마나 어려운지를 의미하는 것이다. 따라서 사회적기업의 창업 결정과 성공요인을 연구하는 것은 향후 사회적기업을 육성하는데 있어 큰 의미가 있다. 사회적기업의 창업의지에 영향을 주는 요인에 관한 연구는 학문적으로 중요한 의미를 갖는데, 선행연구는 사회적기업의 성과분석과 육성방향, 사회적기업가 정신에 초점을 두어왔다. 그러나 사회적기업 창업 활성화에 관한 연구는 이제 시작 단계이며, 특히 사회적기업 창업에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 연구는 미비한 상황이다. 본 연구의 목적은 기존 연구의 공백을 채우고자 사회적기업 창업과 사회적기업에 관한 기존 선행 연구들을 바탕으로 경상남도 대학생의 사회적기업 창업 의지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 실증분석하는데 있다. 이러한 요인들을 파악함으로써 앞으로 경상남도 사회적기업 창업의 활성화를 위해 정부와 대학의 전략적 역할에 관해 논의해 보고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.243-273
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• 2005

본 연구는 국내기업의 자사주매입결정에 영향을 미치는 매입동기와 매입동기들의 상호관련성, 시간에 따른 매입동기의 변화를 분석하였다. 분석에 이용된 자료는 1994년 1월에서 2002년 12월까지 자사주매입을 실시한 기업의 실제 매입규모이며, t검정과 토빗모형의 추정을 통해 다음과 같은 사실들을 발견할 수 있었다. 첫째, 정보비대칭의 지표인 기업규모변수는 대부분의 기간에서 자사주매입결정에 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 정보비대칭수준이 낮을 것으로 예상되는 대기업이 자사주매입에 적극적이라는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 잠재적 저평가의 지표인 시장가치대장부가치변수는 연도별로 양(+)과 음(-)의 계수가 혼재되어 있어 일관성 있는 결과를 도출할 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 자사주매입이 저평가를 시장에 신호하기 위한 것이라는 저평가가설을 기각하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 기업의 지불수준을 측정하는 지표인 여유현금흐름변수들은 대부분의 기간에서 자사주매입결정에 양(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 추정된 회귀계수들의 비교를 가능하게 하는 부분효과평균도 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기업의 여유현금흐름증가가 자사주매입결정에 강한 영향력을 미치는 요인이라는 것을 의미한다. 셋째, 기업의 레버리지수준을 측정하는 변수도 대부분의 기간에서 자사주매입결정에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 자사주매입이 기업의 자본구조를 변경하기 위한 동기에서 결정된다는 것으로 해석될 수 있다.