• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.413-421
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• 2017

In this paper, we designed and fabricated a compact UHF receive module for efficient operation such as tactical and operation situation, target location information confirmation, target reset using Link-K(Korean joint tactical data link system). And the effect of target reset was analyzed by simulation. The designed module consists of UHF(ultra high frequency) receiver section, control section, and power distribution section. The UHF receiver section performs frequency down conversion, filtering and automatic gain control, etc. The control section demodulates frequency down-converted signals, extracts information, and performs external interworking. The power distribution section supplies external power, generates and supplies the power required by each section. The fabricated module was dimension of $105{\times}105{\times}80mm$ and weighed 1.10 kg and The receiving distance is more than 50 km.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.142-142
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 파프리카를 자동 수확하기 위한 시스템 개발의 일환으로 파프리카 재배환경에서 획득한 영상 내에 존재하는 파프리카 영역과 비 파프리카 영역의 RGB 정보를 입력으로 하는 인공신경망을 설계하고 학습을 수행하고자 하였다. 학습된 신경망을 이용하여 영상 내 파프리카 영역과 비 파프리카 영역의 구분이 가능 할 것으로 사료된다. 심층 신경망을 설계하기 위하여 MS Visual studio 2015의 C++, MFC와 Python 및 TensorFlow를 사용하였다. 먼저, 심층 신경망은 입력층과 출력층, 그리고 은닉층 8개를 가지는 형태로 입력 뉴런 3개, 출력 뉴런 4개, 각 은닉층의 뉴런은 5개로 설계하였다. 일반적으로 심층 신경망에서는 은닉층이 깊을수록 적은 입력으로 좋은 학습 결과를 기대 할 수 있지만 소요되는 시간이 길고 오버 피팅이 일어날 가능성이 높아진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 소요시간을 줄이기 위하여 Xavier 초기화를 사용하였으며, 오버 피팅을 줄이기 위하여 ReLU 함수를 활성화 함수로 사용하였다. 파프리카 재배환경에서 획득한 영상에서 파프리카 영역과 비 파프리카 영역의 RGB 정보를 추출하여 학습의 입력으로 하고 기대 출력으로 붉은색 파프리카의 경우 [0 0 1], 노란색 파프리카의 경우 [0 1 0], 비 파프리카 영역의 경우 [1 0 0]으로 하는 형태로 3538개의 학습 셋을 만들었다. 학습 후 학습 결과를 평가하기 위하여 30개의 테스트 셋을 사용하였다. 학습 셋을 이용하여 학습을 수행하기 위해 학습률을 변경하면서 학습 결과를 확인하였다. 학습률을 0.01 이상으로 설정한 경우 학습이 이루어지지 않았다. 이는 학습률에 의해 결정되는 가중치의 변화량이 너무 커서 비용 함수의 결과가 0에 수렴하지 않고 발산하는 경향에 의한 것으로 사료된다. 학습률을 0.005, 0.001로 설정 한 경우 학습에 성공하였다. 학습률 0.005의 경우 학습 횟수 3146회, 소요시간 20.48초, 학습 정확도 99.77%, 테스트 정확도 100%였으며, 학습률 0.001의 경우 학습 횟수 38931회, 소요시간 181.39초, 학습 정확도 99.95%, 테스트 정확도 100%였다. 학습률이 작을수록 더욱 정확한 학습이 가능하지만 소요되는 시간이 크고 국부 최소점에 빠질 확률이 높았다. 학습률이 큰 경우 학습 소요 시간이 줄어드는 반면 학습 과정에서 비용이 발산하여 학습이 이루어지지 않는 경우가 많음을 확인 하였다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.6
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• pp.665-670
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• 2003

In the applications like automatic masks generation for semiconductor production, a drawing consists of lots of polygons that are partitioned into trapezoids. The addition/deletion of a polygon to/from the drawing is performed through geometric operations such as insertion, deletion, and search of trapezoids. Depending on partitioning algorithm being used, a polygon can be partitioned differently in terms of shape, size, and so on. So, It's necessary to invent some comparison algorithm of sets of trapezoids in which each set represents interested parts of a drawing. This comparison algorithm, for example, may be used to verify a software program handling geometric objects consisted of trapezoids. In this paper, given k sets of trapezoids in which each set forms the regions of interest of each drawing, we present how to compare the k sets to see if all k sets represent the same geometric scene. When each input set has the same number n of trapezoids, the algorithm proposed has O(2$^{k-2}$ $n^2$(log n＋k)) time complexity. It is also shown that the algorithm suggested has the same time complexity O( $n^2$ log n) as the sweeping-based algorithm when the number k(<< n) of input sets is small. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be kn times faster than the sweeping-based algorithm when all the trapezoids in the k input sets are almost the same.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2001

Object-Oriented (OO) methodology to use the concept like encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and message passing demands metrics that are different from structured methodology. There are many studies for OO software metrics such as program complexity or design metrics. But the metrics for the analysis class need to decrease the complexity in the analysis phase so that greatly reduce the effort and the cost of system development. In this paper, we propose new metrics to measure the complexity of analysis classes which draw out in the analysis phase based on Unified Process. By the collaboration complexity, is denoted by CC, we mean the maximum number of the collaborations can be achieved with each of the collaborator and detennine the potential complexity. And the interface complexity, is denoted by IC, shows the difficulty related to understand the interface of collaborators each other. We prove mathematically that the suggested metrics satisfy OO characteristics such as class size and inheritance. And we verify it theoretically for Weyuker' s nine properties. Moreover, we show the computation results for analysis classes of the system which automatically respond to questions of the it's user using the text mining technique. As we compared CC and IC to CBO and WMC, the complexity can be represented by CC and IC more than CBO and WMC. We expect to develop the cost-effective OO software by reviewing the complexity of analysis classes in the first stage of SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle).

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

Many studies have been implemented to manage solar plant being supplied widely in recent years. This study analyzed heat emission of solar cell using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-based thermal infrared sensor, and major conclusions are as belows. Firstly, orthomosaic image and digital surface model(DSM) data were acquired using UAV-based RGB sensor, and solar light module layer necessary to analyze the heat emission of solar cell was constructed by these data. Also as a result of horizontal error into validation points using virtual reference service(VRS) survey for evaluating the location accuracy of solar light module layer, higher location accuracy could be acquired like standard error of $dx={\pm}2.4cm$ and $dy={\pm}3.2cm$. And this study installed rubber patch to test the heat emission of solar cell and could analyzed efficiently the location of rubber patch being emitted heat using UAV-based thermal infrared sensor. Also standard error showd as ${\pm}3.5%$ in analysis between calculated cell ratio by rubber patch and analyzed cell ratio by UAV-based thermal infrared sensor. Therefore, it could be efficiently analyzed to heat emission of solar cell using UAV-based thermal infrared sensor. Also efficient maintenance of solar plant could be possible through extracting the code of solar light module being emitted of heat automatically.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.720-731
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• 2001

Complexity metrics have been developed for the structured paradigm of software development are not suitable for use with the object-oriented(OO) paradigm, because they do not support key object-oriented concepts such as inheritance, polymorphism. message passing and encapsulation. There are many researches on OO software metrics such as program complexity or design metrics. But metrics measuring the complexity of classes at the OO analysis phase are needed because they provide earlier feedback to the development project. and earlier feedback means more effective developing and less costly maintenance. In this paper, we propose the new metrics to measure the complexity of analysis classes which draw out in the analysis based on RUP(Rational Unified Process). By the collaboration complexity, is denoted by CC, we mean the maximum number of the collaborations can be achieved with each of the collaborator and determine the potential complexity. And the interface complexity, is denoted by IC, shows the difficulty related to understand the interface of collaborators each other. We verify theoretically the suggested metrics for Weyuker's nine properties. Moreover, we show the computation results for analysis classes of the system which automatically respond to questions of the user using the text mining technique. As a result of the comparison of CC and CBO and WMC suggested by Chidamber and Kemerer, the class that have highly the proposed metric value maintain the high complexity at the design phase too. And the complexity can be represented by CC and IC more than CBO and WMC. We can expect that our metrics may provide us the earlier feedback and hence possible to predict the efforts, costs and time required to remainder processes. As a result, we expect to develop the cost-effective OO software by reviewing the complexity of analysis classes in the first stage of SDLC(Software Development Life Cycle).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.722-727
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• 2010

This paper is presented to study simplification of face image using cubic spline interpolation for a business card with 2D barcode. People often forget business card's owner because business cards don't be included a face picture generally. To solve such problem, many applications have be developed through mobile devices, Internet and so on. But they couldn't caught up with value of existing business card mad by paper. Hence, some methods which can put information on business card using 1D or 2D barcode had suggested. but they couldn't include information like face image or company logo image which have too much data. Therefore, we study the simplification method of face image to encode from a face image to 2D barcode. The simplification method using spline curves defined by feature points which we dotted on face, ears, hair, eyebrows, nose, lips, neck, etc.. on a face area. for experiment, we see real face image and simplified face image made by proposed method after we automatically extract face watch through camera. In experimental results, data of simplified face image was reduced as small as it can be expressed by 2D barcode, and confirmed that it can effectively express features.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.17A no.5
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• pp.229-236
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• 2010

With an increasing number of documents in the Internet or enterprises, it becomes crucial to efficiently support users' queries on those documents. In that situation, the full-text search technique is accepted in general, because it can answer uncontrolled ad-hoc queries by automatically indexing all the keywords found in the documents. The size of index files made for full-text searches grows with the increasing number of indexed documents, and thus the disk cost may be too large to process multi-keyword queries against those enlarged index files. To solve the problem, we propose both of the index file structure and its management scheme suitable to the processing of multi-keyword queries against a large volume of index files. For this, we adopt the structure of inverted-files, which are widely used in the multi-keyword searches, as a basic index structure and modify it to a hierarchical structure for join operations and ranking operations performed during the query processing. In order to save disk costs based on that index structure, we dynamically store in the main memory the results of join operations between two keywords, if they are highly expected to be entered in users' queries. We also do performance comparisons using a cost model of the disk to show the performance advantage of the proposed scheme.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.7
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• pp.319-326
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• 2016

Given the attributes of mobile apps that shorten the time to make purchase decisions while enabling easy purchase cancellations, usability can be regarded to be a highly prioritized quality attribute among the diverse quality attributes that must be provided by mobile apps. With that backdrop, mobile app developers have been making great effort to minimize usability hampering elements that degrade the merchantability of apps in many ways. Most elements that hamper the convenience in use of mobile apps stem from those potential errors that occur when GUIs are designed. In our previous study, we have proposed a technique to analyze the usability of mobile apps using user behavior logs. We proposes a technique to detect usability hampering elements lying dormant in mobile apps' GUI models by expressing user behavior logs with finite state models, combining user behavior models extracted from multiple users, and comparing the combined user behavior model with the expected behavior model on which the designer's intention is reflected. In addition, to reduce the burden of the repeated test operations that have been conducted by existing developers to detect usability errors, the present paper also proposes a mobile usability error detection automation tool that enables automatic application of the proposed technique. The utility of the proposed technique and tool is being discussed through comparison between the GUI issue reports presented by actual open source app developers and the symptoms detected by the proposed technique.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

A daily progress monitoring and further schedule management of a construction project have a significant impact on the construction manager's decision making in schedule change and controlling field operation. However, a current site monitoring method highly relies on the manually recorded daily-log book by the person in charge of the work. For this reason, it is difficult to take a detached view and sometimes human error such as omission of contents may occur. In order to resolve these problems, previous researches have developed automated site monitoring method with the object recognition-based visualization or BIM data creation. Despite of the research results along with the related technology development, there are limitations in application targeting the practical construction projects due to the constraints in the experimental methods that assume the fixed equipment at a specific location. To overcome these limitations, some smart devices carried by the field workers can be employed as a medium for data creation. Specifically, the extracted information from the site picture by object recognition technology of CNN model, and positional information by GIPS are applied to update 4D BIM data. A standard CNN model is developed and BIM data modification experiments are conducted with the collected data to validate the research suggestion. Based on the experimental results, it is confirmed that the methods and performance are applicable to the construction site management and further it is expected to contribute speedy and precise data creation with the application of automated progress monitoring methods.