• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2010

Currently, the unit price of public construction projects are not being evaluated appropriately for several reasons. First, the evaluation of the unit price differ per nature of the bidding process and its estimation process. In fact, pricing is determined to meet the total price in turnkey projects and to pass the low bid price deliberation process in unit price projects, and thus, such prices cannot be said to be reasonable prices per public project. After the contract is awarded, however, the prices determined without taking into consideration the characteristic of each bidding process and price estimate process are used for the valuation of progress payment, design changes, and escalation. Furthermore, this is also being applied to other low bid deliberation process as actual public project unit price, thereby affecting other processes as well. In effect, this system increases the risks for both the owner and the bidder who have determined the unit price. This research examines the risk factor and its extent in order to properly manage it in preparation for the future.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1436-1437
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• 2015

"국가를 당사자로 하는 계약에 관한 법률" 시행령 제9조 1항 제3호 및 같은 법 시행규칙 제5조 제2항에 근거 전기공사의 예정가격의 결정기준은 (1)거래실례가격 (2)표준품셈 (3)표준시장단가 (4)견적가격 등 4가지 방법을 사용하고 있다. 특히 표준시장단가제도는 이미 수행한 공사의 계약단가만을 고려하여 발표하는 "실적공사비"제도를 계약단가, 입찰단가, 시공단가 등을 고려한 "표준시장단가"제도로 2015년 3월 1일부로 개정되었다. 제도는 시행되었으나 표준시장단가의 산정기준, 절차 및 방법 등 세부적인 제도가 미흡한 상황이다. 따라서 과거 실적공사비 산정방식을 검토하되, 계약단가, 입찰단가, 시공단가 등을 고려한 합리적인 표준시장단가의 산정방식을 제시함으로써, 예정가격결정시 적정공사비를 확보하고, 원 하도급간의 거래가격 투명성 및 객관성을 통해 전기공사의 품질 및 안정성이 확보될 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.159-166
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• 2006

It was found that Korean Standard of Estimate which has been used as the only basis of cost estimate of public construction projects had some side effects such as jerry-build construction and over-estimation because it failed to reflect the current price and the state-of-the-art construction methods in a changing construction environment. Therefore, the government decided to gradually introduce historical construction cost into cost estimate of public construction projects from 2004. This paper presents analytic criteria and a process model for deducing more current and reasonable historical construction cost for contract items from not only previous contract prices but also all of the other bid prices that were not contracted. The procedure of estimating actual unit cost proposed in this paper focuses on the removal of abnormal values including strategically too low or high prices and the time correction. In addition, basic research is conducted for the correction of actual unit cost through the analysis of fluctuation of bid price depending on bidding types and rates of successful bid. It is anticipated that the effective use of the proposed process model for estimating actual unit cost would make the cost estimation more current and reasonable.

• 월간 기계설비
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• s.297
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• pp.110-116
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• 2015

국가 발주 공사는 3월 1일, 지방자치단체 발주 공사는 3월 9일 예정가격을 작성하는 사업부터 표준시장단가 제도가 적용된다. 대한설비건설협회(회장 이상일)를 비롯한 건설관련 유관단체에서는 실적공사비의 불합리한 공사비 산정 기준 및 운영관행에 대해 폐지 건의를 지속적으로 해왔다. 정부는 이같은 건의를 받아들여 지난해 12월 17일 실적공사비 제도개선을 위한 공청회를 개최하고 개선안을 발표했으며, 이번 계약예규 개정을 통해 개선됐다. 이에 따라 실적공사비 제도를 대체하는 새로운 공공공사비 산정 방식인 표준시장단가 제도가 지난 3월 1일부터 시행에 들어감에 따라 기획재정부는 국가계약예규를, 행정자치부는 지방계약예규를 개정해 각각 지난 3월 1일과 3월 5일 공포하고 시행에 들어갔다. 각 개정 계약예규는 실적공사비의 명칭이 표준시장단가로 변경됨에 따라 용어를 수정했고, 실적공사비 제도 적용배제 범위를 신설했다. 또한 적용배제 공사범위는 300억원 미만 공사 중 100억원 미만 공사는 실적공사비(표준시장단가) 적용을 폐지하고, 100억원 이상부터 300억원 미만 공사는 2016년 12월 31일까지 한시적으로 적용하지 않는다. 정부는 100억원~300억원 공사에 대한 '실적공사비 적용 배제제도' 연장 여부를 2016년 하반기에 실적공사비 현실화 수준 등을 평가하여 재검토할 예정이다. 한편, 표준시장단가 제도는 공사비를 산정할 때 현행 계약단가 외에도 시공단가와 입찰단가 등 다양한 시장 거래가격을 반영하는 제도로, 지난 1월 22일 국가정책조정회의를 거쳐 확정된 '공공건설 공사비 적정성 제고방안' 후속조치의 일환으로 공공공사비 예정가격 산출방식의 하나인 실적공사비제도를 개선한 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.50-57
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• 2009

The Korea Standard of Estimate which has been used as the only basis of Cost estimate of public construction projects is failed to reflect the fluctuation of current construction cost. Therefore, the government decided to gradually introduce historical construction cost into cost estimate of public construction projects from 2004 and to reduce the use of Korean Standard of Estimate. This paper presents a series of process and the methodology for computing Actual Cost and analyzing the fluctuation patterns based on not only previous contract prices which made a successful bid but also all of the other bid prices. Also, this paper mainly handles a device for extracting strategic bid price such as low price bid for assuring reliable data and for predicting the construction cost which is built by Wavelet Analysis of Time series Analysis data and Neural Network. It is anticipated that the effective use of the proposed process for estimating actual unit cost would make the cost estimation more current and reasonable.

• 월간 기계설비
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• no.10 s.195
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• pp.38-48
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• 2006

정부등 공공기관에서 시행하는 건설공사 예정가격 작성시 적용되는 2006년 하반기 실적공사비 적용대상 공종 및 단가 931개(기계설비 216, 건축 335, 토목 350)가 지난 8월 14일 공표되었다. 실적공사비 단가는 재료비, 노무비, 직접공사 경비가 포함된 공종별 단가를 계약단가에서 추출하여 유사공사의 예정가격 산정에 활용하는 방식으로 공공건설공사의 예정가격 작성시 적용되고 있다. 또한 실적공사비 단가는 공공건설공사의 설계조건이 유사한 공종을 대상으로 계약단가가 설계단가 대비 ±25% 범위 내의 단가로 2006년 하반기 실적단가 설계가 대비 평균 낙찰률이 70% 수준이다. 대부분의 공공기관에서 예정가격 작성시 적용하고 있는 실적공사비 단가는 종전의 표준품셈에 의한 예정가격 작성시보다 공사예정가격이 낮게 산정되고 있다. 따라서 설비건설업계도 이를 감안하여 반드시 적정공사비를 확보할 수 있는 금액으로 입찰에 참가해야 한다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.171-176
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• 2021

This paper deals with bid evaluation problem that chooses the vendors and quantity with minimum purchasing cost for bid information of setup cost and unit price. For this problem, the branch-and-bound(BB) and branch-and-cut(BC) methods are well-known. But these methods can be fail to obtain the optimal solution. This paper gets the initial feasible solution with procuring quantity assignment principle in accordance with the unit price or setup cost rank-first. Then procuring quantity moving optimization(vendor change) is execute take account of unit price or setup cost rank. As a result of experimentation, the propose algorithm is significantly lower compared to BB and BC.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2007

The construction environment has the trend of oversizing and professionalizing, the increase of the construction period, and the risk factors and the uncertain factors which are important in the construction bid. The misunderstanding and the lack of knowledge of the subcontractor result in the decrease of the profit or the deficit. In conclusion, these are supposed to give the financial burden to the subcontractor. So, it is very important to predict the construction preparation cost calculation by the risk factors in the bidding stage and to calculate the bid unit cost considering the target profit of the subcontractor in the process of the mutual agreement and performance of the contract. In these points of view, this study analyzes how the importance of the risks influencing the bidding cost calculation affect the construction cost, and this analysis can be used as the basic data to establish the suitable bid strategy of the subcontractor.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.2132_2133
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• 2009

한국전력공사에서 실시하는 단가공사 및 총가공사에는 전기공사업체에서 민간기술자격자를 일정 수준의 인원을 확보하여야 입찰에 응할 수 있도록 되어 전기공사업계의 경영부담이 증가되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 민간기술자격 교육기관의 실태를 파악하고 전기 공사업계의 의견을 수렴하여 한국전력공사에 정책적 차원의 건의를 하고 전기공사 민간자격 기술자의 체계적 관리 방안을 도출하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.107-116
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• 2009

As the Fundamentals of Construction Business Act was revised in December 2004 and its implementing ordinances and enforcement regulations were adjusted in June 2005, the screening system of low price subcontracting has been an obligation to the public owners, having brought about arguments for and against since it enacted in 1983. The statutes for low price subcontracting have been reinforced from this year; for example, it underlines to submit to a project and builds an information network of subcontracting works. The system's original intention was that prevents shoddy and fraudulent constructions caused by low price subcontracting and precludes disturbances of fair trade by screening that whether it satisfies the conditions or not in advance. But, the criterion for the existing low price subcontracting has several issues having held up a true mirror to the real situation. It is arguable to discharge an important task with the primary purpose. This dissertation have researched the problem with a deposit of subcontract and the low price subcontracting basic rate are being used by the criteria for deciding whether it is a low price subcontracting or not, so showing the plan of reformation based on the findings, it wishes to contribute toward making the most of the system's essential intent.