• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.160-170
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• 2020

Railroads and roads are typical linear projects, and their networks are expanding nationwide. To minimize the impact of their development on the environment, ecological disconnection due to the parallel lines of railroads and roads is to be avoided as much as possible. In this study, to examine the environmental impact of railroad and road development, the characteristics of railroads and roads and the differences between them were examined through a comparative analysis of key evaluation items. Based on the result, the road development, unlike the railroad project, suggests items for establishing an efficient land use plan and soil protection as the key evaluation items. There are no specific evaluation items and criteria that can be used to examine the environmental impact of railroad lines located adjacent to roads. In this study, eight evaluation items were suggested by reviewing the relevant literature. In particular, in the strategic environmental impact assessment stage, which examines the adequacy and location feasibility of the plan, the minimum separation distance criteria were proposed to examine in advance the environmental impact of railroads located adjacent to the existing roads. The distances were examined for the previously operated routes, and a distance of less than 200 m was suggested to minimize the environmental impact. The results were compared with those in other studies and analyzed. The results of this study can be used as a basis for examining alternative routes that can minimize the environmental impact of adjacent railroads and roads.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.241
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• pp.42-45
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• 2013

우리나라 금형산업이 2012년 생산 10조원 시대를 맞이하였다. 1960년대 가내수공업 수준에 머물던 국내 금형산업은 불과 반세기만에 금형 생산 10조원을 넘어서 세계 5위 금형생산국의 입지를 굳건히 하는 한편, 세계 1위 금형강국으로 도약하기 위한 발판을 마련하였다. 한국금형공업협동조합은 매년 통계청 '광업 제조업조사보고서' 자료를 분석하여 금형생산 통계를 발표하고 있다. 최근 2011년 금형생산 통계를 집계한 결과 종업원 10인 이상의 기업을 기준으로 국내에 금형업체는 1,341개사, 생산실적은 7조126억원으로 조사되었다. 또한 조합자체 분석결과 10인 미만의 금형업체는 전국에 약 2,300개사가 존재하고 있으며, 이들 업체의 생산량과 일반 제조업체의 내제화된 금형, 그리고 2012년 추정성장률까지 모두 합산한 경우 2012년 10조원을 넘어선 것으로 전망된다. 이같은 금형산업의 성장이 더욱 뜻깊은 이유는 국가전반의 경제성장에 커다란 파급효과를 남기고 있기 때문이다. 지난해 금형수출이 25.1억 달러와 무역수지 흑자규모 23.6억 달러를 기록해 국가경상수지 개선에 금형이 한몫을 톡톡히 했다. 무엇보다 국가뿌리산업이라고 불리우는 금형은 자동차, 핸드폰, 가전 등 주력산업의 경쟁력을 뒷받침해 이들 제품이 세계 일류상품 반열에 올라서게한 일등공신으로 평가되고 있다. 본 고에서는 한국금형공업협동조합이 발표한 통계자료를 바탕으로 금형 업계 동향을 살펴보도록 한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.1406-1407
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• 2011

태양광발전은 태양의 복사에너지를 직접 전기에너지로 변환하는 시스템으로 가동부분이나 열기관이 없어 수명이 길고 운전과 유지보수가 용이하며 모듈로 구성되기 때문에 수요나 지형에 맞게 설계할 수 있다. 이러한 특성으로 인해 태양광 발전은 차세대 성장 에너지원으로 각광 받고 있으며, 최근 문제되고 있는 지구환경문제 해결에도 부합할 수 있는 잠재력을 갖고 있다. 또한 계통 연계형 태양광 발전시스템의 확대 보급시 태양광 발전시스템의 출력특성에 의한 기존 전력계통의 피크전력을 감소시키는 효과도 기대할 수 있다. 국내 태양광발전은 정부 지원정책에 힘입어 지속적으로 보급이 확대되고 있으며, 2009년도 기준으로 약 400 MWp 이상의 설비가 전력시장에 진입하여 상업 운전중에 있다. 태양광발전시스템은 육상에 설치하는 것이 주류를 이루고 있었으나 태양광 입지조건에 적합한 부지를 확보하는 것이 쉽지않기 때문에 최근에는 건물옥상이나 벽에 설치하는 사례가 증가되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 한전전력연구원(대전시 유성구 문지동)의 건물옥상에 설치되어 운전하고 있는 9.52kW급 BIPV 형식의 태양광발전시스템을 대상으로 2010년도 1년간의 운전특성에 대하여 분석 평가하고 이를 통해 BIPV시스템의 운전에 대한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.107-116
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• 2010

The facility location problem is one of the traditional optimization problems. In this paper, we deal with the single source capacitated facility location problem (SSCFLP) and it is known as an NP-hard problem. Thus, it seems to be natural to use a heuristic approach such as evolutionary algorithms for solving the SSCFLP. This paper introduces a new efficient evolutionary algorithm for the SSCFLP. The proposed algorithm is devised by incorporating a general adaptive link adjustment evolutionary algorithm and three heuristic local search methods. Finally we compare the proposed algorithm with the previous algorithms and show the proposed algorithm finds optimum solutions at almost all middle size test instances and very stable solutions at larger size test instances.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.81-92
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to compare values, characteristics and the world heritage listed tendency of walls in East Asia. Walls in East Asia are similar by the geographically adjacent, type, form and materials, etc. Thus to demonstrate the differentiation is not easy, but walls heritage of a tentative list or listed on the UNESCO World Heritage were discriminated by the evaluation criteria of world heritage. Hidden problems are not to be described the differences by the consistent manner. So we need efforts to separate the distinction and originality of walls according to the characteristics of each heritage. As the method of this study, we reviewed the terminology associated with the wall and then have examined the following four aspects as the characteristics of each heritage category. 1) Classification according to the function and purpose, 2) Classification according to the type and size of the walls(the length of wall), 3) Classification according to the location and topography, 4) Classification according to materials and technology(construction method). And we have analyzed the tendency of OUV(Outstanding Universal Value) of the world heritage listed wall. Also we examined the value basis of the differences and similarities presented by each heritage. In the future, we should complement the following two aspects of the wall heritage in East Asia for comparing the exact value. first, we ought to come up with a system that we can easily compare the similarities and differences of similar walls heritage. Second, we have to make every effort to describe the walls heritage by considering OUV evaluation criteria to be able to share with people all around the world.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.137-152
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• 1997

The siting process of municipal solid waste treatment facility consists of a structured set of policies that guide the implementation of waste management goals. The main problems of siting process are the social and political context or the community opposition. During the past, the traditional siting process has been obsolete in most pans of the country, so public officials and researchers have tried to experiment with new policies and procedures. A number of controversial issues offer insight into the factors that are related to the local residents opposition to new waste treatment facilities. The purpose of this case study focused on the establishment of criteria in the site selection of waste treatment facilities which can carry out resources recovery. incineration and landfill simultaneously. That is to say. the main points are to make concrete the quantification standards of assignment and take an objective allotment scale according to the assessment factors. The summarized results are as follows; 1. To promote the site selection based on the guideline such as rational. objective and due process of law, it is desirable to inform the local residents the methods of assessment in advance. 2. Totally 20 factors for the site selection are divided into 3 categories such as living environment characteristics, technological location characteristics and socio-economic factors. And the supposed magnitude of weight in all items are equally applied. 3. In regard to 20 assessment factors, the allotment of point is distributed by the specific location characteristics. Namely to make the assessment easily, each factors are set the scale from 1 to 5 points en masse along the data which are acquired in the region.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.194-202
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• 2018

Health impact assessment in South Korea is carried out within the framework of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). And, public health and hygiene items in EIA as an evaluation of health impact items were designed to calculate the emission level of hazardous air pollutants from specific development projects, and the exposure concentration at major sites, and to assess the health risk associated with these projects. But, the assessment of the receptor characteristics around the development project is limitedly considered. The purpose of this study is to propose the method of calculation of potential exposed population and the use of it for public health and hygiene items in EIA. The data for the calculation of potential exposed population in South Korea were identified. And the calculation algorithm based on them was proposed. After that, in a development of industrial complex, a case analysis was carried out assuming the release of hazardous air pollutants. This study suggested that the concept of population risk should be applied in risk assessment utilizing the potential exposed population and as a future study, a standard of assessment of health effects for population risk should be established. Finally, the possibility of using this study as a location-limiting tool for the development project was presented through the method of calculating the potential exposed population. It is meaningful that this study presented a method for performing risk assessment from the perspective of receptors around a development project.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.129-140
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• 2022

Environmental impact assessment on development projects is a process in which various stakeholders derive consultations by reflecting project characteristics and regional environmental status, and implementation of consultations is a prerequisite for securing sustainability of the local environment. The business plan can be changed to respond to changes in social and environmental conditions. And the business plan for which the environmental impact assessment consultation has been completed, it can be changed as a systematically prepared procedure (called Consultations on Amendment). As a result of investigating and analyzing the current status and major changes in the development project, Consultations on Amendment in industrial complexes were the most common, and the environmental impact is increasing accordingly. As the results of the analysis of operational status and the case studies, the main causes of Consultations on Amendment in industrial complex can be summarized into three categories: (1) formal demand forecasting for tenant industries, (2) excessive omission and simplification of administrative procedures under the Special Act, and (3) the use of an expedient change consultation system to facilitate environmental impact assessment consultation and shorten the period. This study proposes the following three measures to prevent the deterioration of the environmental impact assessment function due to frequent consultations on industrial complex changes; (1) Ensuring residents' participation procedures for Consultations on Amendment that changes important matters, (2) Reasonable revision of the "Simplification of Industrial Complex Procedures Act" to enhance the feasibility of industrial complex development plans and locations, (3) Development of evaluation criteria and methods for verification of real demand for objective demand management for industrial complexes, and (4) Preparation of a review guideline for Consultations on Amendment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.793-799
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• 2023

This study classifies the types of urban railway stations that reflect the location characteristics of urban railway stations, the structure and form of station taxes, and the number of users, and the level of inconvenience in the transfer movement line for users by station type, the number and connectivity of transfer information, and the level of transfer convenience facilities. The number of installations, conflicts between users, and transfer information signs were analyzed. As a result of data analysis, it was found that the factors that cause the most inconvenience to urban rail users when transferring are the length and curvature of the transfer line, pedestrian density and number of passengers in the transfer passage, presence or absence of transportation convenience facilities, and the size and height of transfer information letters. These transfer inconveniences were objectified, quantified, and presented as evaluation indicators that can measure the transfer convenience of urban railway stations. Additionally, an evaluation scale was developed to measure the service level for each evaluation indicator. The evaluation scale for each indicator presented six levels by applying linear interpolation based on the maximum and minimum values of data derived through field surveys. However, it is judged that a comprehensive evaluation of transfer convenience that combines the importance and weight of each convenience evaluation indicator should be established through future research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.321-331
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• 2005

Recently. three-dimensional models have been used for aquatic dispersion of radioactive effluents in relation to nuclear power plant siting based on the Notice No. 2003-12 'Guideline for investigating and assessing hydrological and aquatic characteristics of nuclear facility site' of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in Korea. Several nuclear power plants have been under construction or planed. which are Shin-Korl Unit 1 and 2, Shin-Wolsong Unit 1 and 2, and Shln-Ulchin Unit 1 and 2. For assessing the aquatic dispersion of radionuclides released from the above nuclear power plants, it is necessary to know the coastal currents around sites which are affected by circulation of East Sea. In this study, a three dimensional hydrodynamic model for the circulation of the East Sea of Korea has been developed as the first Phase, which Is based on the RIAMOM. The model uses the primitive equation with hydrostatic approximation, and uses Arakawa-B grid system horizontally and Z-coordinate vertically. Model domain is $126.5^{\circ}E\;to\;142.5^{\circ}E$ of east longitude and $33^{\circ}N\;and\;52^{\circ}N$ of the north latitude. The space of the horizontal grid was $1/12^{\circ}$ to longitude and latitude direction and vortical level was divided to 20. This model uses Generalized Arakawa Scheme. Slant Advection, and Mode-Splitting Method. The input data were from JODC, KNFRDI, and ECMWF. The model ing results are in fairly good agreement with schematic patterns of the surface circulation in the East Sea The local current model and aquatic dispersion model of the coastal region will be developed as the second phase. The oceanic dispersion experiments will be also tarried out by using ARGO Drifter around a nuclear pelter plant site.