• Bulletin of Korea Environmental Preservation Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.30-32
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.34
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• pp.47-66
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• 1986

• Proceedings of the Korean System Dynamics Society
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.123-149
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• 2006

본 연구는 방사성폐기물 처분시설(radioactive waste repository)의 입지를 가정하여, 처분시설이 경상북도 경주시에 발생시키는 경제적, 사회적 효과를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 정부는 처분장 유치의 유인책(incentives)으로서 경주 지역주민들을 위하여 다양한 정책적 수단을 마련하였다. 처분시설 입지에 따른 특별지원금 3,000 억원 지원, 수거물 반입 수수료 지원(년당 50-100억원), 한국수력원자력(주) 본사이전, 양성자가속기 사업 추진 등이 그것이다. 이들 지원사업들이 가져오는 변화를 시스템 다이내믹스(System Dynamics) 기법을 적용하여 지역사회의 인구, 산업, 토지, SOC, 지방재정 등이 어떻게 변화하는지 추적해 봄으로써 도시체제의 동태성(urban system dynamics)을 이해하고 처분장 시설이 지역에 입지했을때, 미래에 발생 가능한 문제점이 없는지 밝혀내고자한다. 이를 위하여 시뮬레이션 모델링에 입지 지역의 특성과 현황을 반영하여 처분장입지에 따른 지역의 동태적인 변화과정과 경향을 추정해 보고, 현재 예정되어 있는 지원사업이 충분한지, 이외에 다른 정책적 지원이 필요한지를 알아본다. 본 연구의 의미는 이처럼 경주지역 주민들이 처분장의 지역입지를 만족스럽게 행각하고 소외감 없이 생활을 영위할 수 있도록 정책적 지원 프로그램을 작성하는데 기초가 되는 연구라는 점에 있다고 하겠다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.229-248
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• 2002

In the recent years the office sector or industry are recognized not only as a key economic activity and employment source in urban areas, but also as a factor for the changing urban spatial structure. This paper aims to review the research trends and future prospects on the office locations. The study starts with a survey of literatures by summarizing the most important previous studies on the office location research and by disclosing research deficits. And then general locational trends of office activities on the base on the different geographical scale and its current location dynamics including the influencing factors are discussed. Finally this study summarizes the outlooks on the future task within office location research.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2006

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on nutrient dynamics and litterfall production were determined in adjacent 41-year-old plantations of Pinus rigida Miller and Larix kaempferi Gordon on a similar soil in Yangpyeong, Gyeongggi Province. Litterfall production were significantly different among sampling dates and between the tree species, whereas it was not significantly different among the treatments. Total annual litterfall production was 6,377 kg/ha for P. rigida and 4,778 kg/ha for L. kaempferi, respectively. Litterfall nutrient concentrations of L. kaempferi were higher than those of P. rigida. For both tree species, litterfall nutrient concentrations were highest in summer when the least litterfall production occurred, and lowest in late-autumn when the greatest litterfall production occurred, except for Ca in the L. kaempferi stand. The amount of total organic matter in the forest floor of P. rigida and L. kaempferi plantations were 24,296 kg/ha and 10,763 kg/ha, respectively. Forest floor N and P contents were 126, 10 kg/ha for P. rigida and 102, 8 kg/ha for L. kaempferi, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate nutrient dynamics and water quantity of throughfall and stemflow in natural oak stands in Korea. The ratio of the total throughfnll and stemflow to the amount of precipitation varied with locations. It was considered that the ratio was affected not only by the characteristics of tree species but also by regional, weather and other environmental conditions. It was, therefore, necessary to set up a water control system to launch a tending project for natural oak stands. Comparisons of nutrient amount in throughfall among regions reflected regional characteristics. $Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+}$ and $K^+$ ions were leached from the canopy and yellow sand accumulation. $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ were marine-borne. $NO_3^-$ and $SO_4^{2-}$ resulted from dry deposition of air pollutants. Nutrient amount in the stemflow was as low as about 10% of that in the total throughfall and stemflow. The pH of stemflow in natural oak stands in urban areas ranged from 3 to 5. Influx of the acidic stemflow to soil could, in the long term, affect pH in soil solution and nutrient dynamics around root zones.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.375-387
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• 2024

This study investigated the ecological characteristics of Fraxinus chiisanensis Nakai, one of the endemic and rare plant species in Korea, based on its distribution status, characteristics of the growth environment, and species composition. A vegetation survey that analyzed the correlation between species distribution patterns and environmental variables, along with the traits of the emergent plant species, was performed according to the explanation of environmental growth conditions and phytosociological method for the location where F. chiisanensis is found. A total of 19 dominant locations and 9 non-dominant locations of F. chiisanensis were observed in 28 study sites in 12 regions, and a total of 155 taxa were observed. According to the vegetation climate of Korea, the growth environment of the study site where F. chiisanensis is located is characterized as cold and is primarily situated within the northern temperate deciduous broadleaf forest zone. The average elevation was 859m above sea level, with an average rock exposure of 60.4%, soil exposure of 24.7%, and an average slope of 18.7°. The taxa belonging to the top P-NCD(Percentage of Net Contribution Degree) among the emergent species were mostly designated as the taxa emerging in valley vegetation. The correlation analysis of environmental variables revealed that altitude had the strongest correlation, with rock exposure showing the second highest correlation. The ongoing dynamics of the F. chiisanensis forest are anticipated to persist due to the high P-NCD values exhibited by the F. chiisanensis within the shrub and herbaceous layers among the taxa associated with tree species. Most F. chiisanensis habitats are currently situated within protected regions such as national parks, provincial parks, and county parks, where there are relatively minimal human-induced disturbances. However, there is potential for damage in areas not designated as protected, such as forest tending operation sites or new hiking trails. Concerns about declining habitat quality have prompted suggestions for management strategies such as establishing Forest Genetic Resource Reserves in these locations. In addition, follow-up and further research should be conducted to identify possible sites for distribution and establish candidate conservation areas based on various environmental conditions of F. chiisanensis.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2003

Litterfall and litter decomposition represent a major contribution to the carbon and nutrient inputs in a forest ecosystem. We measured litterfall quantity and nutrient dynamics in decomposing litter for two years at the Kwangneung broadleaf natural forest (DK site) in Korea. Litterfall was collected in circular littertraps (collecting area : 0.25 $m^2$) and mass loss rates and nutrient release patterns in decomposing litter were estimated using the litterbag technique employing 30 cm ${\times}$ 30 cm nylon bags with 1.5 mm mesh size. Total annual litterfall was 5,627 kg/ha/yr and leaf litter accounted for 61 % of the litterfall. The leaf litter quantity was highest in Quercus serrata, fallowed by Carpinus laxiflora and C. cordata, etc., which are dominant tree species in the site. Mass loss from decomposing leaf litter was more rapid in C. laxiflora and C. cordata than in Q. serrata litter. About 77% of C. laxiflora and 84% of C. cordata litter disappeared, while about 48% in Q. serrata litter lost over two years. Lower mass loss rates of Q. serrata litter may be attributed to the difference of substrate quality such as lower nutrient concentrations compared with the other litter types. Nutrient concentrations (N, P, Mg) of three litter types except for potassium (K) increased compared with initial nutrient concentrations of litter over the study period. Compared with Q. serrata litter, nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) in C. laxiflora and C. cordata litter were released rapidly. The results suggest that litter mass loss and nutrient dynamic processes among tree species vary considerably in the same site conditions.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.408-423
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• 2021

We established and monitored survey sites in seven regions of Mt. Jiri to investigate population decline and change of the Korean fir (Abies koreana) over a ten-year period from 2009 to 2018. With the exception of one site (Seseok), the six remaining ones all showed a four-layer stratification structure. The importance value of Korean firs in all of the survey areas decreased significantly by 28.5%, from 55.7% in 2009 to 39.8% in 2018. The average population of objects with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5cm or more in all survey sites was 711 objects/ha in 2018, and the cumulative death rate from 2009 to 2018 was 10.8%. Among the death types, DS (dead standing) was the most dominant, comprising 82.4% of the total survey area. However, in Banyabong 1, which had a high gradient of 35°, the death types other than DS accounted for 44.2%. We estimate that A. koreana can maintain a stable population as its distribution type for each diameter class in the Saeseokpyeongjeon site showed a reverse-J shape. The average annual ring growth in all survey sites was 1.09 mm/year, with the most abundant growth observed in the Seseokpyeongjeon site, which was formed mainly by a subtree layer. The growth ring survey showed the estimated average age of A. koreana population in the Byeoksoryeong and Banyabong 1 sites to be 102 and 91 years, respectively, a general downward trend of vitality since 2013.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.185-192
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: As a result of rural exodus, aging of rural population, development of high-yield rice varieties and so on, abandoned paddy fields of South Korea have generally increased. The phytosociological studies are needed to recommend the effective vegetation management methods of abandoned paddy fields. The current study performed an analysis of vegetation characteristics by classifying plant communities for abandoned paddy fields in South Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: A comparative analysis of syntaxonomy, synecology, and syndynamics was performed by using the Z.-M. method of phytosociology and vegetation survey which was obtained from an enumeration district of total 203 phytosociological releves of 5 regions in Gangwon-do, 5 regions in Gyeonggi-do, 2 regions in Chungcheong-do, 18 regions in Gyeongsang-do, and 10 regions in Jeolla-do. Alopecurus aequalis community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community and Salix koreensis community were, respectively, identified as successional plant communities of the early stage, the middle stage, and the late stage in the vegetation of abandoned paddy field. Sere of abandoned paddy field can be classified, developmentally, into annual plant stage, perennial plant stage, shrub plant stage, and forest tree stage. Several kinds of dominant species rather than a distinct species were found in the middle stage of abandoned paddy field. CONCLUSION(S): In this study, changing pattern in vegetational communities of abandoned paddy field were understood. These results will provide important information for restoring and conserving the ecology of fallow ground.