• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.19-27
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find of morbidity rate and pattern of disease and affect of variables related disease and medical management of seafares' The subjects this study were 1049 seafares' who took education in Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology. This questionnaire was focused on finding the basic data for prevention of disease and promotion health for the seafares' The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, cross tab, linear regression by SPSS 10.1 package. The result of this study are as follow. 1)The morbidity rate within recent 12 months was 69.0%. 2)there were significant differences of occurred disease in age(p<0.05), income(p<0.01), career of ship on board(p<0.01), rank(p<0.01), perceived health status(p<0.01), worry of health(p<0.01), fatigue symptoms(0.01), satisfy of job(p<0.05), rest time(p<0.05) 3) Considering disease unable to work more than 4 hour, the number of those who had oral disease 7.3%> tinea 6.6%> gastric ulcer 6.4, and musculoskeletal disease group were 20.9%, which revealed the highest rate oral disease 13.6%> skin disease> 12.4%, digestive disease> 12.1%. 4) As refer to medical management, The pain above 31days 35.7%, hospitalization and treatment below 7days were each 50.2%, 42.8%, medical service were doctor's office 27.9, which revealed the highest rate.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2002

Purpose: The incidence of shigellosis had been decreased due to the use of antibiotics and the improvement of environmental sanitation but recently increases again. Shigellosis occurrs in mass outbreak through unsanitized meal preperation refered from welfare facility and school. We observed epidemic aspect and clinical coarse of childhood shigellosis. Methods: from December 2001 to January 2002, 22 inpatients with shigellosis in Dongbu Municipal Hospital were observed epidemiologically, clinically and microbiologically. Results: 1. The sexual ratio was 1:1 and mean age was $5.5{\pm}1.4$ years (14 months to 11 years). 2. The clinical manifestations were following: diarrhea (95.5%), high feve (10%) and asymptomatic (4.5%). The mean duration was $3.9{\pm}2.1$ days (1 to 12 days). All patients had no complication and normal serologic test. 3. S. sonnei was cultured in rectal swab, and was resistant to TMP/SMX and ampicillin, but susceptible to ampicillin/sulbactam and the 3rd generation cephalosporins. 4. The patients were treated by antibiotics with conservative treatment including electrolytes and fluid therapy for 5 days, resulting in improvement confirmed by negative reaction on stool culture. 5. These cases were all occurred in mass outbreak in day care center and were suspected to be secondary infection by members of family. Conclusion: This shigellosis occurred in day care center was secondary infection due to S. sonnei and had mild clinical coarse and improvement after antibiotic treatment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.301-310
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• 2019

This study aims to examine eligibilities, services and delivery of services for the current end-of-life care and analyze the quality control of services for end-of-life care. We analyzed the literature and laws on end-of-life systems in Korean and the United States. Current end-of-life care, hospice and palliative care in Korea is being provided mainly in hospital setting. Quality control for the services focuses on setting the criteria for structures in hospitals (i.e. staffing, facilities and equipment). Whereas American end-of-life care system has much broader eligibility for service beneficiaries and provides care mostly at home. Also quality control for services includes process (delivering service) and outcomes, such as monitoring performance indicators and consumer's satisfaction. This is linked to annual payment. The comparative analysis findings contributed to give the next direction of current Korean end-of-life care system. It is nessary to establish the better and extensive end-of-life care system in Korea in considering other countries' end-of-life care systems based on more future research.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2010

Purpose: According to increment of thyroid cancer recently, patients of high dose radioiodine therapy were accumulated. Taking into consideration the acceptance capability in the current facility, this study is to calculate the maximum value of high dose radioiodine therapy in patients for treatment. Materials and Methods: The amount and radioactivity of waste water discharged from high dose radioiodine therapy in patients admitted at present hospital as well as the radiation density of the air released into the atmosphere from the high dose radioiodine therapy ward were measured. When the calculated waste water's radiation and its density in the released air satisfies the standard (management standard for discharge into water supply 30 Bq/L, management standard for release into air 3 $Bq/m^3$) set by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, the maximum value of treatable high dose radioiodine therapy in patients was calculated. Results: When we calculated in a conservative view, the average density of radiation of waste water discharged from treating high dose radioiodine therapy one patient was 8 MBq/L and after 117 days of diminution in the water-purifier tank, it was 29.5 Bq/L. Also, the average density of radiation of waste water discharged from treating high dose radioiodine therapy two patients was 16 MBq/L and after 70 days of diminution in the water-purifier tank, it was 29.7 Bq/L. Under the same conditions, the density of radiation released into air through RI Ventilation Filter from the radioiodine therapy ward was 0.38 $Bq/m^3$. Conclusion: The maximum value of high dose radioiodine therapy in patients that can be treated within the acceptance capability was calculated and applied to the current facility, and if double rooms are managed by improving the ward structure, it would be possible to reduce the accumulated treatment waiting period for radioiodine therapy in patients.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.265-270
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• 1997

Purpose: Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment remain the cornerstone of management of patients with meningitis. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) for glucose, protein, cells, and organisms is necessary for accurate diagnosis, but in many parts of the world facilities do not exist to do so. We tested CSF samples from 69 children with suspected meningitis with urinary reagent strips and analyzed the results to know the usability of urinary reagent strips in diagnosis of meningitis. Methods: 69 CSF samples obtained from children with suspected meningitis were analysed. Each sample was divided into two; one was sent to the laboratory for routine diagnostic evaluation, and the other was tested with the reagent strip(Combur10 Test M). Laboratory values of CSF glucose, protein, and leucocytes for each CSF sample were plotted against the corresponding reagent-strip category. Results: There was good agreement between the dipstick and laboratory values for CSF protein and cell count but not for glucose. Conclusion: Rapid diagnosis of meningitis could be made with three component of the Combur10 test strip. It is easy to do and would be of particular value to those working in parts of the world where no laboratory facilities exist.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2007

Background : The causes of chest pain vary but the leading cause of chest pain is ischemic heart disease. Mortality from ischemic chest pain has increased more than two fold over the last ten years. The purpose of this study was to determine the data necessary for rapid treatment of patients with signs and symptoms of ischemic chest pain in the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods : We interviewed 170 patients who had ischemic chest pain in the emergency department of Yeungnam University Hospital over 6 months with a protocol developed for the evaluation. The protocol used included gender, age, arriving time, prior hospital visits, methods of transportation to the hospital, past medical history, final diagnosis, and outcome information from follow up. Results : Among 170 patients, there were 118 men (69.4%) and the mean age was 63 years. The patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were 106 (62.4%) and with angina pectoris (AP) were 64 (37.6%). The patients who had visited another hospital were 68.8%, twice the number that came directly to this hospital (p<0.05). The ratio of patients who visited another hospital were higher for the AMI (75.5%) than the AP (59.4%) patients (p<0.05). The median time spent deciding whether to go to hospital was 521 minutes and for transportation was 40 minutes. With regard to patients that visited another hospital first, the median time spent at the other hospital was 40 minutes. The total median time spent before arriving at our hospital was 600 minutes (p>0.05). The patients who had a total time delay of over 6 hours was similar 54.8% in the AMI group and 57.9% in the AP group (p>0.05). As a result, only 12.2% of the patients with an AMI received thrombolytics, and 48.8% of them had a simultaneous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In the emergency department 8.5% of the patients with an AMI died. Conclusion : Timing is an extremely important factor for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Most patients arrive at the hospital after a long time lapse from the onset of chest pain. In addition, most patients present to a different hospital before they arrive at the final hospital for treatment. Therefore, important time is lost and opportunities for treatment with thrombolytics and/or PCI are diminished leading to poor outcomes for many patients in the ED. The emergency room treatment must improve for the identification and treatment of ischemic heart disease so that patients can present earlier and treatment can be started as soon as they present to an emergency room.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2006

Purpose : Shigellosis is still an important cause of acute food-borne diarrheal diseases throughout the world. We investigated the transmission routes and clinical course through the outbreak of shigellosis in Mapo-Gu, Seoul. Methods : From October 7th to November 19th in 2005, Mapo-Gu public health center had referred 32 patients with confirmed or suspected shigellosis to the National Medical Center. We had investigated source of infection, epidemiology, laboratory findings, and clinical course of the cases occurred during this outbreak. Results : Among 32 patients, 24 patients had been confirmed with shigellosis, 8 patients had been diagnosed with suspected shigellosis. They ranged in age from 5 months to 12 years old and their mean age was 6.5 years. The clinical manifestations were as follows; diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain and asymptomatic condition. Symptoms had sustained for 3.7 days on the average. S. sonnei were cultured by rectal swab and founded to be resistant to ampicillin and TMP/SMX except to 3rd generation cephalosporin. After treatment with antibiotics such as cefixime and ceftriaxone or imipenem and conservative treatment with electrolyte and fluid replacement for 5~7 days, Stool cultures of the rectal swab grew no Shigella in these cases except 3 cases. Conclusion : An outbreak of shigellosis had occurred in a preschool and elementary school children. From the same results of antimicrobial susceptibility and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns in this study, we suggest that the outbreak of shigellosis in this report had been originated from a single strain. According to all negative results about suspected food and water cultures, we couldn't find out source of infection. Through materials offerred by Mapo-Gu Public Health Center, we presumed the trasmission routes probably were person-to-person.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.90-94
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate on the frequent chief complaints and the causes of dogs and cats visiting to an emergency department, and to suggest the minimum requirements for veterinary emergency clinics in South Korea. The medical records were reviewed for 2,368 dogs and 347 cats visiting the emergency department of Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital from March 2012 to August 2013. Among them, 255 dogs and 35 cats visited more than one time and each visit was considered as an individual case. Therefore, 2,784 cases of dogs and 396 cases of cats were reviewed. The medical records were analyzed according to the criteria such as signalment, chief complaints, diagnoses, hospital admission, and outcome. In dogs, vomiting, diarrhea, or both were the most common chief complaints, followed by dyspnea, trauma, seizure, and lethargy. The most common causes of emergency visits were gastrointestinal disorders, followed by neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, urologic, and hematologic disorders. In cats, dyspnea was the most common chief complaint, followed by vomiting, diarrhea, or both, trauma, dysuria, and lethargy. The most common causes of emergency visits were urologic disorders followed by gastrointestinal, respiratory, infectious, and cardiovascular disorders. According to the results, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, and trauma were the most frequently encountered chief complaints, which accounted for approximately 48.6% of all cases in both dogs and cats. However common causes were differed between the dogs and the cats. In order to provide proper emergency service, it is required to prepare the clinicians and facilities to diagnose and stabilize these emergency patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.791-797
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• 2009

Purpose : We aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations of and antibiotic resistance in culture-proven childhood salmonellosis. Methods : Clinical manifestations and laboratory data of and antibiotic use in subjects with culture-proven childhood salmonellosis, who were treated at the Chonbuk National University Hospital between September 1998 and August 2008, were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with underlying diseases or concomitant illnesses were excluded. Results : We assessed a total of 72 patients. There were 68 stool culture-positive cases, 7 blood culture-positive cases, and 3 both stool culture- and blood culture-positive cases. Salmonella group D was the most frequent pathogen in stool (63.9%) and blood (71.4%) cultures. Salmonella typhi was isolated in 1 case. Of the 72 patients, 45 (62.5%) were male children, of which 29 (40.3%) were aged <3 years. The patients most commonly presented with diarrhea (90.2%) and fever (83.3%). Leukocytosis (leukocyte count, >$15,000/{\mu}L$) and leukopenia (leukocyte count, <$4,000/{\mu}L$) were detected in 8.3% and 5.6% of the patients, respectively. Elevated serum C-reactive protein concentration (>5 mg/dL) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (>20 mm/h) were observed in 88.9% and 58.3% of the patients, respectively. Fifty-two (85.2%) of 61 patients who had undergone antibiotic treatment received a third-generation cephalosporin as definitive antibiotic therapy. Multidrug resistance rate was 40.0 % in the first 5 years of the study and 71.4% in the last 5 years. No fatalities occurred in this series. Conclusion : Children with culture-proven salmonellosis showed relatively benign clinical outcomes. Appropriate antibiotic treatment of <2 weeks is probably adequate for those without a suppurative focus of infection. The incidence of antibiotic resistant isolates was recently seen to increase.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.77-91
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• 1993

This study was conducted to assess health medical center utilization pattern and its related factors among the rural inhabitants for the purpose of contribution to establishment of health medical center institutions. A questionnaire survey was carried out for object of 3,754 population of three primary school and three middle school student's parents (total 832 household) in Kyungbook Ulchin Gun rural area from 24 to 28 September, 1990. The summarized result are as follows, Respondents are 60.3% in male, 39.7% in female and 30-40s 81.3% in age, high school graduates 40.3% in education level and a regional medical insurance scheme in 44.1% in forms of health insurance. Recognition for health medical center was showed higher according to high educational, high income level, and short distance for location of health medical center of respondents (p < 0.01). Recognition for health medical center services was showed higher about care of medicaid in medical treatment services and higher preventive vaccination in health prevention services by respondents. Utilization rates of health medical center by out-patient care and preventive care service were 11.1 and 4.5 per 100 persons by year, but admission utilization rate was 34.6 per 10.000 persons by year. Motivations of health medical center utilization were showed a good care(45.7%), a good drugs(45.2%), and nearby health medical center(42.9%). In comparison health service levels of health medical center with general clinic was better (16.3%), similar(38.7%), 7(19.0%), and worse(19.0%) in view of health medical center utilizators. Inconvinience about health medical center utilized was the most higher longtime waiting, the next was limited utilization times. Transportation utilited were on foot(55%), by bus(35.5%), and so on. As mentioned above, there are many inhabitants who less understanding and less acknowledgement about health medical center and even mistake health center for health medical center. Therefore, there must be more information about health medical center. For higher utilization of health medical center, there must be considered expansion of health equipment, facilities, accomplishment with reinforcement of health staffs and efficiency management.