• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2022

Background and Objectives Injection laryngoplasty is a common method for treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Unilateral vocal fold paralysis has various causes, including idiopathic, infection, stroke, neurologic condition, surgery and nerve invasion by cancer. To the knowledge of the authors, there was no study on the relationship between the causes of vocal cord paralysis and the outcome of injection laryngoplasty. Therefore, we tried to investigate the difference in the outcomes of injection laryngoplasty between vocal cord paralysis after surgery group and nerve invasion by cancer group. Materials and Method A retrospective analysis was performed for 24 patients who underwent vocal cord injection due to unilateral vocal cord paralysis caused by surgery or nerve invasion by cancer. The objective quality of the voice was assessed by acoustic voice analysis with the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program. Results Both group showed an improvement of fundamental frequemcy (F0), jitter percent, shimmer (percent), and noise to hearmonic ratio (NHR) after injection laryngoplasty. The vocal cord paralysis due to nerve invasion group showed more improvement in both the mean and median value of F0, shimmer percent and NHR than the vocal cord paralysis due to surgery group, but there was not statistically significant. Conclusion Our study did not show a statistically significant difference in outcome between vocal cord paralysis due to cancer invasion group and surgery group, but statistically tendency was suggested. The vocal cord paralysis due to nerve invasion group showed more improvement in both the mean and median value of acoustic voice analysis than surgery group.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2023

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using Kinesiology Tape (KT) for drooling in children with cerebral palsy. Methods : A single-case experimental design with an ABA design was conducted. A total of 46 sessions were conducted, consisting of three baseline sessions (A), 40 intervention sessions (B), and three baseline sessions (A'). The Drooling Impact Scale (DIS) and the Interlabial Gap (IG) were measured before and after the KT intervention, and a Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) was assessed to determine whether there was any change in the target activity for each session. The KT intervention was attached to the orbicularis oris muscle. The KT intervention time was set as the time taken for dysphagia intervention and the actual meal time, for up to one hour a day, for a total of eight weeks. Results : The results of the study showed that the KT intervention had an effect on both the DIS and the IG, and that the GAS scale indicated that target activity increased with each session. Conclusion : These results indicate that the KT intervention can easily be applied to children with cerebral palsy who suffer from drooling, whether in clinical practice, by therapists, or caregivers, and that it can be used for various purposes.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.135-151
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• 2023

Objective : This study was conducted to confirm the effect of the oral motor facilitation technique (OMFT) on oral motor function in stroke patients. Methods : This study was conducted on 72 stroke patients with dysphagia were included. Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups were randomly classified into 36 patients each using a random table, and a two-group pre-post test was designed. The experimental group underwent OMFT, and the control group underwent traditional dysphagia therapy for 30 min, once a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks, for a total of 20 sessions. The Comprehensive Orofacial Function Scale (COFFS) was used to evaluate oral motor function. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to confirm the effect of the period, and an independent t-test was performed to analyze the difference in change between the two groups. Results : Total COFFS scores improved in both groups. The experimental group showed significant changes in mandibular and lip movements, cheek blows, and tongue movements. In addition, there were significant differences depending on the intervention period in terms of masticatory distribution, food spillage, swallowing of solid and liquid foods, and voice changes. There were significant differences in the mandibular opening and closing categories between the two groups. Conclusion : OMFT is effective in improving oral motor function in stroke patients with dysphagia and can be used as basic evidence in clinical practice.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.237-249
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• 2023

Orofacial dystonia is a neuromotor disorder that causes irregular or repetitive movements of the face, lips, tongue, and jaw involuntarily, also called tic disorder. Edentulous patients with these symptoms experience functional and aesthetic problems, including difficulty using complete dentures, speech and swallowing difficulties, and orofacial pain. In this case, for a patient with orofacial dystonia who experienced complete edentulism at a relatively young age, restorative treatment was performed with a maxillary complete denture with bilateral posterior zirconia occlusal surfaces and a mandibular implant-supported fixed prosthesis, and continuous smile training was performed. The aim was to improve the aesthetics of facial muscles. As a result of the treatment, the patient was very satisfied with not only improved chewing function and aesthetics, but also regained psychological stability and was able to lead a normal daily life, so we would like to report this.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.214-221
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• 2023

In order to fabricate stable dentures in patients with severe resorption of residual ridges, various factors must be considered. One of them is the neutral zone, which is defined as the potential region in which the pressure of the tongue outward in the oral cavity and the pressure of the cheeks and lips directed inward from the outside of the oral cavity equalize during functioning. In patients with severe ridge resorption, if the teeth are usually arranged above the residual ridge, the teeth are located on the lingual side rather than the original position. Therefore, the functional space of the tongue is invaded, the tongue is positioned backward, and the sealing of the lingual border is broken, which acts as a factor reducing the maintenance of denture. In addition, it is also important for the stability of dentures to assume an interalveolar crest line connecting the maxillary and mandibular ridge crests, and to arrange the maxillary and mandibular artificial teeth to match the masticatory force to the interalveolar crest line. Therefore, good clinical results were obtained by fabricating dentures for the patient with poor alveolar residual ridge using neutral zone impression and ridge relationship analysis.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.179-188
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• 2024

To enhance the predictability of aesthetic treatment outcomes in aesthetic prosthetic restorations, considerations must include analysis of facial features, the relationship between teeth and lips, proportions of tooth width/length, gingival form, and more. Traditional diagnostic wax-ups have limitations in considering the patient's facial features and are unable to facilitate rapid form modifications. With recent advancements in digital technology, it is now possible to digitize the patient's facial features in three dimensions, enabling the design of restorations that harmonize with facial features. These digital workflows not only improve efficiency but also provide patients with faster visualization of treatment outcomes, thereby enhancing motivation. Therefore, in this case, a treatment plan is devised to utilize digital diagnostic wax-ups considering the patient's facial features for the final prosthetic design.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.1 s.114
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• pp.55-62
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• 2006

Orthodontic mini-implants, despite its usefulness as anchorage, have some limits such as loosening. Therefore, various shapes and lengths have been studied. The aim of this study is to analyze the shape and length of mini-implants mechanically. The shapes of mini-implants (1.6 mm, Dual Top, Jeil Medical Co., Seoul, Korea) were cylindrical and taper. The lengths of mini-implants were 6 mm and 8 mm. The tested groups were 5 groups (cylindrical 6 mm, cylindrical 8 mm, taper 6 mm, taper 8 mm and taper 8 mm modified whose thread is reduced from the middle to upper part). All were inserted and removed on the polyurethane foam with the torque measured. During insertion and removal, the taper shape needed higher torque than the cylindrical shape, and the 8 mm length than the 6 mm length (p<0.001). The taper 6mm group showed superior insertion torque (p<0.001) and similar removal torque to the cylindrical 8 mm group. The taper 8 mm modified group with gradually reduced threads, showed continuous high removal torque after the peak. The initial mechanical stability can be provided by the tapered shape and also, affected by length and thread design.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.1 s.114
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• pp.14-29
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• 2006

Developments in computer technology have made possible the 3-dimensional (3-D) evaluation of hard and soft tissues in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning and post-treatment results. In this study, Korean adults with normal occlusion (male 30, female 30) were scanned by a 3-D laser scanner, then 3-D facial images formed by the Rapidform 2004 program (Inus Technology Inc., Seoul, Korea.). Reference planes in the facial soft tissue 3-D images were established and a 3-D coordinate system (X axis-left/right, Y axis-superior/inferior, Z axis-anterior/posterior) was established by using the soft tissue nasion as the zero point. Twenty-nine measurement points were established on the 3-D image and 43 linear measurements, 8 angular measurements, 29 linear distance ratios were obtained. The results are as follows; there were significant differences between males and females in the nasofrontal angle $(male:\;142^{\circ},\;female:\;147^{\circ})$ and transverse nasal prominence $(male:\;112^{\circ},\;female:\;116^{\circ})$ (p<0.05). The transverse upper lip prominence was $107^{\circ}$ in males, $106^{\circ}$ in females and the transverse mandibular prominence was $76^{\circ}$ in both males and females. Li-Me' was 0.4 times the length of Go-Me'(mandibular body length) and the mouth height was also 0.4 times the width of the mouth width. The linear distance ratio from the coronal reference plane of FT, Zy, Pn, ULPm, Li, Me' was -1/-1/1/0.5/0.5/-0.6 respectively. The 3-D facial model of Korean adults with normal occlusion were be constructed using coordinate values and linear measurement values. These data may be used as a reference in 3-D diagnosis and treatment planning for malocclusion and dentofacial deformity patients and applied for 3-D analysis of facial soft tissue changes before and after orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.389-397
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of species by comparing the external shape traits and skull size of Tscherskia triton in Jeju Island from May 2014 to November 2016. Body weight, head-body length, ear length, and hind-foot length were not statistically significant (p>0.05), but tail length was statistically significant in females compared to males (p=0.003). To examine the secondary sexual dimorphism characteristics of the collected T. triton, B_HR, T_HR, E_HR, and H_HR were calculated based on the head-body length, and only T_HR was statistically significant (p=0.003). Because of comparing male and female averages, among the 21 traits, the greatest length of skull (GLS; p=0.020) and occipitonasal length (ONL; p=0.014) were statistically significant and length of incisive foramen (LIF) was statistically significant, when the significance level was 90%. However, the other 18 traits did not show statistically significant differences between males and females (p>0.05). Other than GLS, ONL, interorbital breadth (IB), and breadth of occipital foramen (BOF), there was female-biased SSD. The results of this study are the analysis of external morphology and skull characteristics of T. triton in Jeju Island and will be used as basic data to understand the morphological characteristics of T. triton. In addition, the data can be used as a basic information to compare characteristics of T. triton, which is known as a single species, inhabited in China and Russia. The data will play an important role in biogeography and ecology research of T. triton, based on geographical conditions, climate effects, and habitat environment.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.421-431
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to provide guidelines for the diagnosis and successful treatment of orthodontic treatment with upper premolar extraction only Methods: The sample group consisted of 40 patients (20 with upper premolar extraction only, 20 with both upper and lower premolar extractions) who showed an overjet of more than 7 mm and were finished successfully. Lateral cephalographs were taken before and after orthodontic treatment. Landmarks showing the position of the upper and lower incisors and the position of the upper and lower lip were determined and angular measurement of these values were obtained for statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test). Results: At pre-treatment, the position of the lower incisor was less labially inclined and the convexity of the lower lip was smaller in the upper premolar extraction only group than in the upper/lower premolar extraction group. At post-treatment, there was no difference in all measurements except for the position of the lower incisor. A comparison of changes between pre- and post-treatment showed that the retraction of upper & lower incisors and the decrease in convexity of the lower lip were greater in the upper/lower premolar extraction group. Conclusions: Treatment by upper premolar extraction can be of benefit for patients whose lower incisor proclination and lower lip protrusion are not excessive.