• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.564-578
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• 1998

Most extended care facilities have admitted both the healthy and unhealthy elderly, among which members' average caring demand vary. The Aged Welfare Law, however, currently provides no reasonable basis on the staffing policy for extended care facilities. It just reflects the admitted number of the elderly rather than differences in members' average caring demand among facilities. This study is designed to estimate the need for caring staff on the basis of the correlation between the individual health status measured by various tools including Activities of Daily Living and caring demand by actual service time for each one. The sample included all of the admitted elderly(187 persons) in 4 extended care facilities, two in Seoul and the other two in Kangwon-Do over the survey period October 5 through October 20, 1996. The survey process consisted of 3 stages. (1) The current staffing information was collected through self-completed written questionnaires left for head of official in each facility. (2) Six graduate students at School of Public Health interviewed all residents to collect information on their health status and sociodemographics. The response rate for the interview was relatively high(85%). (3) Information on direct and indirect caring time consumed for each residents came from self-completed written questionnaires given to nurses and helpers in each target facilities. Analysis of the data was made using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression technique through SAS program. Based on this procedure, the following was found. 1. No facility meet the staffing standard in the Aged Welfare Law completely. 2. It is actual service time that is most correlated with ADL(Activities of daily living). 3. When all of the elderly are divided by four groups based on the level of ADL, the mean values of needed caring time in each group are 15, 21, 36 and 88 minutes respectively. 4. There is no significant difference among facilities in distribution of elderly person by group. 5. No facility meets the estimated number of nurses and helpers which reflects health status of the admitted elderly. Therefore, it is required that severity of the admitted elderly be considered in establishing staffing standard for extended care facility.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.57-71
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• 1998

This study purports to examine sociodemographic characteristics and those factors associated with osteoarthritis in women experiencing the disease in order to make suggestions for the prevention and management of osteoarthritis in women. The subjects were 143 women who were diagnosed to have osteoarthritis and under follow-up care at an outpatient department of a university-affiliated hospital. The data were collected through personal interviews by using the structured questionnaire between October 6 and October 24, 1997. The degree of daily living activities was measured with 24 items, which were made based upon Katz Index, Barthel Index and Functional Status Index. Each item has 4 response categories : (1) being able to do alone with any difficulty, (2) being able to do alone with some difficulty, (3) being able to do alone with the help of a person or an instrument, (4) not being able to do at all. The data was analyzed with correlation analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The results are summarized as follows : 1. As for the age of the subjects, 59.4% were between 45 and 64 years, while 28% were 65 years and above. The subjects having religion were 71.7% and 44.1% of the subjects were protestants. The educational level was low : 31.5% graduated from elementary school, while 30.1% had no formal education. Those married subjects were 72%. Fifty nine percent of the subjects evaluated their economic status as middle class. 2. Those people from whom the subjects currently receive some help were spouses in 35.8% of the subjects. Likewise, 50% of the subjects indicated spouse as the people from whom they want to receive help. 3. The score of the ability of daily living activities ranged between 48 and 96, with the mean of 78.94. Those means of physical activity, ADL(activities of daily living) and IADL(instrumental activities of daily living) were 14.89, 13.97 and 50.09, respectively. Except for the items of carrying heavy stuff and of washing clothes in the sitting position the subjects showed independence in more than 90% of the items, where Independence is defined as being able to do alone or with the help of a person or an instrument. 4. The increase in age was a significant predictor of the decrease in the ability of daily living activities. Those graduated from middle school and above showed a significantly higher degree in the ability of daily living activities than those with less educational level. The married women revealed significantly higher scores in physical activity, ADL, and IADL than the unmarried ones. The ability of daily living activities was not significantly related to having religion, economic status and living with family. 5. The average duration of experiencing osteoarthritis was 4 years and 7 months. Regarding the site of the onset, 65% of the subjects indicated knees. The women with osteoarthritis for less than 3 years were 65%. The ability of daily living activities was significantly different by the duration of illness : the longer the duration of illness, the less the ability of activities. The above findings suggest the need for developing those programs for prevention disabilities in performing daily living activities and for managing diseases targeting the women of middle and old age, with low educational level, and with unmarried status. In addition, there should be developed an instrument for measuring the ability of daily living activities which reflects daily lives of Korean women with osteoarthritis in order to examine comprehensive effects of osteoarthritis on women's daily lives in this country.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.214-220
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• 2004

Purpose: As for the malignant bowel obstruction of terminal cancer patient, a prognosis is relatively bad. Physicians consider palliative procedures or surgery for the quality of life, but sometimes it is hard to decide. After diagnosis of a malignant bowel obstruction in terminal cancer patients, we investigated the clinical characteristics, the prognostic factors and the survival of patients with palliative procedures or surgery. Methods: we retrospectively reviewed the medical records in 40 malignant bowel obstruction patients who had been diagnosed as terminal cancer from May in 2002 to May in 2004. Results: There were 21 males (53%) and 19 females (47%), and median age of patients was $64.1{\pm}1.58$ years. The most common cause of malignant bowel obstruction was colorectal cancer (18 patients, 45%), followed by stomach cancer (11, 28%), pancreatic cancer (4, 10%), others (7, 19%). Metastases were carcinomatosis peritonei (14 patients, 35%), liver (13, 33%). During a bowel obstruction, symptoms were vomiting (15 patients, 38%), abdominal pain (10, 25%), constipation (6, 15%), abdominal distension (5, 13%). Performance status (ECOG) was 2 score (16 patients, 40%), 3 score (20, 50%), 4 score (4, 10%). Palliative procedure group were 30 patients, the others 10. Median survival in palliative procedure group was 142 days, that of no palliation group 30. Median survival time of palliative procedure group from palliative procedures or surgery were significantly higher than that of no palliation group from diagnosis of malignant bowel obstruction. Prognostic factors of palliative procedure group were PS, site of obstruction and primary cancer. Median survival in PS 2, lower GI obstruction and colorectal cancer was higher than PS 3, upper GI obstruction and others, respectively. Conclusion: we recommend aggressively palliative procedures or surgery in malignant bowel obstruction patients diagnosed with terminal cancer if palliative procedures or surgery could be performed effectively.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.109-128
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL)-focused Occupation-Based Neurobehavioral Evaluation (A-ONE) through cross-cultural adaptation and examine its validity and reliability. Methods : This study translated the A-ONE into Korean and performed cross-cultural adaptation for the Korean population. After the development of the Korean version of the A-ONE, cross-cultural and concurrent validities were analyzed. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability were also evaluated. Results : We adapted three items to the Korean culture. The Korean version of the A-ONE showed high cross-cultural validity with a content validity index (I-CVI) >0.9. It correlated with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) (r=0.52-0.77, p<0.001), except for communication. Cronbach's α was 0.58-0.93 for the functional independence scale (FI) and 0.42-0.93 for the neurobehavioral specific impairment subscale (NBSIS). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) indicated high test-retest and inter-rater reliability for FI (ICC=0.79-1.00 and 0.75-1.00, respectively) and NBSIS (ICC=0.74-1.00 and 0.72-1.00, respectively). Conclusion : The Korean version of the A-ONE is well adapted to the Korean culture and has good validity and reliability. It is recommended to evaluate ADL performance skills and neurobehavioral impairments simultaneously in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1114-1121
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• 2012

There is a cause and effect relationship in that brain injury causes impairment of mental rotation and ultimately independent functional activities. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mental rotation on reaction time and precision between the normal adults and chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. Thirty-one patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke and twenty normal adults participated in this study. The participants conducted 2 types of tasks for mental rotation: a comparison task using mirror images, and a rotation task using angular disparity images for 2 different 3-dimensional objects. Each of the 3 possible angled shapes ($90^{\circ}$, $180^{\circ}$, and $270^{\circ}$) appeared in each pair. The test consisted of 6 mirror-reflected image pairs and 6 angular disparity image pairs visualized during angular rotation, and 12 test periods. The subjects were judged on how accurately and rapidly they could distinguish between the mirrored and non-mirrored pairs. The study measured reaction time and precision to compare the effect of mental rotation tasks. Reaction time during all 3 angular conditions were significantly longer in the stroke patients than that in the normal adult during the comparison tasks and the rotation tasks. In addition, precision during mental rotation tasks was not significantly different between normal adults and stroke patients. Our results suggest that rehabilitation therapists should keep in mind that mental rotation is more difficult in stroke population than in normal adults.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study was to provide evidence for the effectiveness of Sensory Integrative Intervention (SII) through a systematic review. Method : The systematic review was executed using MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, OTSeeker. The key words for search was "effects of sensory integration", "sensory integration therapy", and "sensory integration intervention". 11 studies were used for data analysis, and the level of evidence were level I, leve lII and level IV. The substances of review were subject (population), method (intervention type), effect of the intervention, outcome parameter, and outcome measurement. Results : 1. The subjects of SII were autism spectrum disorders (30.7%), pervasive developmental disorder (15.4%) and preterm infants (15.4%). 2. Most frequently used method was the traditional intervention of J. Ayres (36.5%). The outcome parameters of SII were behavioral outcome (40.63%), motor performance outcome (28.13%), sensory-based outcome (25.0%), and academic outcome (6.35%). 3. The effects of SII were improvement of motor performance (66.7%), sensory-based (62.5%), and behavior problems (61.5%). In most studies, however, academic skill such as writing skill was not a positive outcome parameter in terms of effectiveness of SII. Conclusions : The results implied that the sensory integrative intervention is effective on motor performance, sensory-based and behavioral change, but not on the academic skill. It is suggested that the future research need to be done to examine whether and how the effect of sensory integration intervention can be long-lasting and contribute any academic skill and activities of daily living performance.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2018

Objective : This study sought to characterize and determine the qualitative level of a single target study for stroke patients. Methods : The National Science and Technology Information Center (NDSL), DBpia (DBpia), RISS (Radical Research Information Service), Korea Research Information (KISS), and the National Assembly Library's original case study from 2002 to 2017. A total of 24 single target research papers were selected through the screening process to analyze the quality level of research methods and research design. Results : ABA design was th most common study design method. One person was the most with 12(50%). and three were the second with 8(33.3%). Imagination was the most used as an independent lawyer. Dependent variables had the highest level of situability and one-sidedness. The study was also conducted with a variety of target behaviors, including 'memory', 'visual attention', 'dysphagia', 'visual-motor coordination', 'balance', 'activity of daily life' and 'edema' behaviors. It also showed a positive effect on all dependent variables. The Qualitative level was found to be above the intermediate level except for one study. Conclusion : It is academic significance that this study analyzes the items to be prepared for in the performance of a single target study and further studies may require the establishment of a weak but good-quality single target study for researchers conducting research in local communities and clinical sites.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.5423-5433
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• 2013

This study has analyzed the factors related to everyday stress, professional stress, and professional satisfaction experienced while performing administrative duties in unit of school, concerning administrative education government officials. The study period was set from March 10 to March 30, 2013, and the subjects of study was set as 122 employees of Cheongwon-gun, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, working as administrative education government officials. The spsswin18.0 program was used for data analysis, and the t-test, and frequency analysis and credibility were also analyzed. The positive analysis was verified at a significant level of 5%. The results of the analysis displayed regarding the Professional Satisfaction pursuant to demographic Characteristic, the difference of Professional Satisfaction between positions was meaningful. However, the differences between sex, age, religion, educational background, marital status, school level, school scale, career, drinking, smoking were not analyzed as meaningful at a significant level of 5%. With regard to Sub-factors of Professional Satisfaction for Demographic Characteristic, the factors in the part of human resource management, human relation, and job capacity were analyzed as meaningful but organizational atmosphere was analyzed as not meaningful at a significant level of 5%. Also with regard to the stress on Quantitative Role among Sub-factors of Professional Stress by Demographic Characteristic, the difference between age, school level, position, career, smoking was meaningful. With regard to career development, the difference between smoking was meaningful. With regard to the stress on role conflict and ambiguity, the difference for demographic characteristic was analyzed as not meaningful at a significant level of 5%. This study implies that the social environmental consideration is required for administrative education government officials, and it is regarded that consideration is required sequentially to developing job capacity, human relation, organizational atmosphere, rather than to human resource management.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2020

Purpose: As dementia progresses, cognitive function decreasing leads to memory loss, speech degradation, time and space degradation and judgment degradation, which causes difficulties in carrying out tasks related to daily life. It was said that community-based non-drug intervention therapy for early dementia patients was important to participate in entertainment treatment, including activities such as awareness and exercise therapy, exercise rehabilitation, aerobic exercise, and art. Methods: This study conducted 15 experimental and 15 control groups(experimental group : Fumanet exercise, control group : general occupational therapy) for eight weeks at the Daycare Center in Gyeonggi-do to find out the impact of the Fumanet exercise program on cognitive and depression functions of the elderly. The pre-post evaluation used KGDS, MMSE. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in the function of menopause, memory recall, attention concentration and calculation, and depression, and no significant results were obtatined in memory registration, language function, understanding and fracture. The Fumanet movement was judged to be effective in improving cognitive function and reducing depression for the elderly with dementia. Conclisions: The Fumanet movement was judged to be effective in improving cognitive function and reducing depression for the elderly with dementia.

• 한국노년학
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.695-708
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to explore the factors affecting on Dietary Behavior Change of the vulnerable elderly based on the Stage of Change. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the data collected from 1,262 elderly who were participated in the case management program. Total 984 participants who responded all questionnaire were included in the analysis. The variables included general characteristics, health behavior, health status, and dietary behavior stage. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, trend test and multi-variate logistic regressions. Results: about twenty four percent of the vulnerable elderly subject was pre-contemplation stage and 46.1% of them was contemplation stage of dietary behavior. Having a depressive mood, dependance of Instrumental Activity of Daily living, and being medicaid affected on starting or on maintaining healthy dietary behavior in vulnerable elderly negatively. Conclusion: The tailored nutritional intervention depending on dietary behavior stage are needed for the vulnerable elderly to improve the health. The program which can maintain the function remained of elderly and give psychological support together will be more effective.