• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.976-986
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• 1996

BACKGROUND : Dyspnea is common among patients with cardiopulmonary disease, and "daily disability" is defined as a functional impairment resulting from exercise intolerance. The maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max) during exhausting work is not only the best single physical indicator of the capacity of a man for sustaining hard muscular work, but also the most objective method by which one can determine the physical fitness of an individual as reflected by his cardiovascular system. However, the expense, time and personnel requirements make this procedure prohibitive for testing large group. The walking test is well-known type of exercise and it cost nothing to perform and have good reproducibility. Thus we performed the walking test and investigated correlations with spirometry, ABG and exercise test. METHOD: We observed the walking test and exercise test by cycle ergometer in 37 patients who visited our hospital because of dyspnea. Arterial blood gas analysis and spiromety, dyspnea index were performed, too. RESULT : (1) The VO2max was significantly lower in patients with COPD and cardiovascular disease than asthma and dyspnea on exertion group(p<0.05). The walking test distance was also lower in former. (2) The 12 minute walking test was significantly correlated with VO2max, PaCO2, FVC(%), FEV1(%) in all patients(p<0.05), and the walking test was only conelated with VO2max in patients with COPD(p<0.05). (3) In COPD patients, the VO2max was best correlated with FEV1(%) and FVC(%) and significantly correlated with walking test. But there was no correlation between walking test and FEV1(%) & FVC(%). (4) The 6 minute walking test was well correlated with 12 minute walking test(r=0.92. p<0.01). CONCLUSION : The walking test is the simple method for assessing exercise performance in patient with cardiopulmonary disease and a reliable indicator for VO2max. And the walking test is practical method for assessing on everyday disability rather than maximal exercise capacity. The 6 minute walking test is highly correlated with 12 minute walking test and a less exhausting for the patients and a time-saving for the investigator.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.543-563
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• 2020

As people age and their physical functions are declined, they stay longer in the home, thus being more affected by the home environment. Many studies have shown the association between the home environment and health. However, little is known about the effect of the home environment on disability and depression of older people with functional limitation. This study, therefore, aimed to examine the moderating effect of the home environment on the pathway between walking limitation and instrumental activity of daily living(IADL) disability, and the relationship between IADL disability and depression. We performed logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses with data on 3,027 participants from the 2018 Seoul Aging Survey. As results, first, older people who lived home with poor conditions showed a higher risk of walking limitation(OR=1.487, 95% CI: 1.250 - 1.770), IADL disability(OR=1.594, 95% CI: 1.303 - 1.949), and depression(OR=1.943, 95% CI: 1.553 - 2.430). Second, the home environment moderated the relationship between walking limitation and IADL disability. Older people with walking limitation who lived in poor housing condition experienced more IADL disability than others. Third, after controlling for walking limitation, the home environment had significant moderating effect on the relationship between IADL disability and depression. Elderly with IADL disability living in poor home experienced higher risk of depression. Based on these results, the study suggests the necessity of home modification intervention targeting functional limitation of older adults as strategy for preventing disability and depression, and enabling aging in place.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was, first, to extract the risk factor by investigating several cases of accident of senile dementia patient at home, and second, based on these results to provide basic information for the determination of monitoring factor for the care of senile dementia patient. Basic and behavioral characteristics, Short form of Samsung Dementia Questionnaire (S-SDQ), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and cases of accident were investigated with 55 senile dementia patient at home (16 male, 39 female). Based on these questionnaires, risk factors were extracted and frequency, cooccurrence frequency, and occurring place of risk factors, presence or not, region, and degree of injury were investigated. Frequency between risk factors and behavioral characteristics, ADL, and S-SDQ was analyzed by crosstabulation frequency analysis. Results showed that 12 risk factors were extracted, and the frequency of 'going out' was the highest, and risk factors for injury were 'tumble', 'bump', 'slip', and 'fall'. Cooccurrence frequency analysis showed that the occurrence of 'fall', 'going out', 'fire of gas', and 'violence' with other factors was relatively higher than others. The occurring place of risk factor was the highest in home neighborhood, and the region of injury in knee, and the degree of injury with bruise. Crosstabulation frequency analysis showed that factors which had difference in frequency of risk factor were behavioral disorder, disorder of daily living and ADL. Factor which had difference in frequency due to the degree of behavioral disorder and disorder of daily living was 'going out', and factors which had difference in frequency due to the degree of ADL were 'slip' and 'fire of gas'.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.291-299
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• 1999

This study was conducted to evaluate the health status including mainly cognitive function and activities of daily living of institutional elderly in a rural area. We studied 466 subjects dwelling in ten institutions at Chonnam province, Korea. The participants consist of 148 males(31.8%) and 318 females(68.2%). We collected the information of socioeconomic state, mini-mental state examination(MMSE), activities of daily living(ADL), instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), and Dartmouth Primary Care Cooperative Information Project(COOP) chart. The results were followed: 1. Severe cognitive function impairment was appeared in 45 males(30.4%) and 115 females(36.2%). 2. The percentage of fully independent in the six ADL items was 50.0% of males and 42.8% of females, but 31.1% of males and 26.1% of females were fully dependent. 3. Males had more impairment in mode of transportation among IADL, but females had most impairment in laundry. 4. Observing health status by COOP chart, both had more grade in feeling and social activity than physical fitness.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.31-43
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this case study was to proposed a introduction and result of the disabled with stroke in community using services of Community-Based Rehabilitation. Methods : The subject was a 63-years old female patient with stroke who first visit to Public health center in July. She was evaluated on activity daily living action level by using the Modified Barthel Index(MBI) and depression level by using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). The intervention that was suggested by WHO were Community-Based Rehabilitation(CBR) and general occupational therapy. We were applied from April, 27th 2011, to November 30th, 2011 by occupational therapist. Results : The patient's total MBI score increased from 35 to 55, it means that activity daily living performance capacity was improved. And BDI score decreased from 26 to 14, it means that depressed symptoms were in great decline. She could stand until 5-10 minutes at first, but later stand over 30minutes now. It means her muscle strength and endurance level was increased. The patient's mood condition also was stabilized and then she often showed her smiling face during the therapy. And her protector feels the client's change too. Conclusion : We could know that function level and quality of life of the patient with stroke who return to the community was improved through service of community-based rehabilitation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.666-676
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• 2016

This study was designed to examine the depressive symptoms of individuals who became visually impaired and identify factors associated with the symptom. For the analysis, data from the Korean National Survey of Individuals with Disability 2014 was used. Adults between the ages of 20 and 60 years who became visually impaired after the first year of birth were included with a total of 235 individuals in the final sample. To identify the determinants of their depressive symptoms, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted. The results showed that about twenty percent of the respondents reported having depressive symptoms in the past year. Among the sociodemographic factors, age, gender, and marital status were identified as significant predictors, while smoking status, stress level, and self-reported health status were identified as important health-related predictors. Among the disability-related factors, the length of disability and activities of daily living level were found to be significantly associated with the likelihood of experiencing the symptom. The results indicate the need for practitioners working with visually impaired populations to be better aware of the risks of depression and develop a wide array of preventive measures and techniques to work with individuals suffering from depression.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the Spaced Retrieval Training (SRT) with Errorless learning on the elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)'s memory, Instrumental Activities Daily Living, Depression symptom. Methods: A single subject experimental research with ABA design was conducted in this study on the 78-years-old person who was enrolled in day-care center. The total experimental sessions were 16 which composed of 3 sessions for baseline, 10 sessions for intervention and 3 sessions for second baseline. K-Auditory Verbal Learning Test (K-AVLT) was measured for the memory each session. For the measurement of cognitive function, IADL, depression Symptom, Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), Philadelphia Geriatric Center Instrumental Activities Daily Living (PGC IADL), Geriatric Depression Scale Korean Version (GDS-K) was measured at pre-post test. Results: Memory at the phase B was improved than Phase A. At the phase B, the scores trend was ascending, but after the intervention at the phase A', the scores trend was descending. The scores of MoCA-K were improved, PGC IADL were maintained, GDS-K were decreased. Conclusion: This results support the evidence of the SRT with EL on the elderly with MCI in the clinical setting. In the future, the correlation researches about MCI's memory and other functional factors will be needed for effective occupational therapy service.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.233-244
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to assess the ability of balance control in moving surround using head mount device and force platform and to examine the clinical usefulness of COP parameters. Fifteen patients with stroke and healthy persons were participated. COP parameters were obtained as total path distance, frequency of anterior-posterior and medial-lateral component by FFT analysis, weight-spectrum analysis in the two different conditions; (1) in comfortable standing with opened or closed eyes, (2) in virtual moving surround delivered using HMD to four different moving pattern. In virtual moving surround setting, moving pattern was composed of close-far, superior-inferior tilting(pitch), right-left tilting(roll) and horizontal rotation(yaw) movement. In all parameters, the reliebility of COP analysis system was significantly high. Also, the construct validity compared between fifteen patients with stroke and normal persons was excellent in virtual moving surround condition(p

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.221-237
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• 1997

In an attempt to measure effects of the Programmed Resistance Exercise on the daily performance of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a quasi-experiment ; non-synchronised control group pre-post-test, was carried out for 8 weeks : from June 3 to November 29, 1996. 25 for the experimental group and 26 for the control group were conveniently sampled among registered out-patients on rheumatoid arthritis clinic of Anam Hospital, Korea University Medical Center. The programmed experimental resistance exercises were carried out by the experimental group five times a week for eight weeks. Before and after experiments, level of functional task performance, functional disability, joint mobility, ESR, CRP, self-efficacy and family support were measured and statistically analysed. The results of the analysis of the effects on the Programmed Resistance Exercise are as follows : 1. A statistically significant post-test effects on functional task performance were revealed : 1) the experimental group climbed up and down the 10 steps of the stairs significantly faster than the control group(P=0.0001). 2) the experimental group walked 100 m significantly faster than the control group (P=0.0000). 3) After the experiment, the experimental group could sit down and get up from chairs with no armrest as low as 30cm, 40cm, 50cm on their on, with no assistance as opposed to the control group who could not sit down and get up from such low chairs (P=0.0084). 4) the experimental group lifted 0-15 kg object up to their own heights with no specific strain than the control group (P=0.0000). 2. A significant reduction in the functional disabilities was revealed in the experimental group(P=0.0017). 3. A notable incresement of the joint mobility was revealed in the experimental group. 4. A decrease in the ESR in both the experimental and the control groups was noticed, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.9546). 5. The CRP of both the experimental and control groups decreased with no significant difference (P=0.6022). 6. The self-efficacy increased significantly in the experimental group(P=0.0042), however, no significant effect of self-efficacy on the actual practice of the program was noticed. 7. The family support revealed to be significantly higher in the experimental group (P=0.0013), however, the effect of the family support on actual practice of the program revealed not significant. Judging from the results of these experiments, the resistance exercise program not only improves the functional capacity of rheumatoid arthritis, but also diminishes their functional disabilities and has a great influence on increasing their joint mobility, self-efficacy, and family support. Concluding, in promoting the daily performance of rheumatoid arthritis, the resistance exercise program would be an appropriate nursing intervention.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.231-248
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to implement a cognitive stimulation activity program and examine its effects elderly people who is capable of daily life and community activities but suffering from per sistent cognitive decline on the elderly's cognitive function, self-efficacy, and depression. The purpose of this study was to help elderly people who is capable of daily life and community activities but suffering from persistent cognitive decline improve their ability to perform and adapt to activity-based tasks incorporating a variety of actions of different subdomains and difficulty levels, ac cording to their characteristics and cognitive levels. The aim of the program created was to systemati cally improve the subdomains of cognitive functions and eventually preventing these conditions develo ping into dementia in those affected. This study also enabled the subjects to improve their self-effica cy through newly gained positive perceptions and attitudes toward their own abilities by successfully expressing their experience or thoughts about circumstantially and relationally meaningful events and memories, and performing activities that promote sensory stimulations. The group activities conducted as part of the study helped the subjects reduce their symptoms of depression not only by expressing their thoughts and emotions, but also by encouraging empathy with, understanding of, and caring for others. Given that this study confirmed the potential of the cognitive stimulation program designed fo r it as a clinical intervention for elderly people with cognitive impairment, it is suggested as a useful preventive program for early stage dementia.