• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.412-422
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• 1992

일방향 응고법으로 주조된 아공정 회주철의 파단면을 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 분석하였다. 회주철에서는 흑연의 형태변화로 인하여 파단면의 형상에 큰 차이점이 유발되었으며, 이와 같이 다양한 파단면의 특성분석을 위하여는 주사전자현미경의 이차전자(secondary electron)를 이용한 입체사진(stereopair micrograph)을 촬영하여 입체전인 관찰을 수행하는 것이 효과적이었다. 일방향으로 응고된 D형 흑연을 갖는 회주철이 A형 회주철에 비하여 열등한 기계적 성질을 갖는 것은 극히 미세한 망장(網狀)의 혹연조직과 오스테나이트의 이차 수지상 조직(secondary dendrite arms)의 형성에 기인하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이들 조직은 고 강도의 철상을 거치지 않고 주로 흑연상 주위의 취약한 부분을 통하여만 파괴가 전파되도록 유도함으로써 D형 주철의 파괴강도를 저하시킴이 발견되었다. A형 회주철에서는 조직의 조대함으로 인하여 고 강도의 철조직이 파괴에 참여하게 되어 파괴강도를 높여주는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.919-925
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• 1997

초기 혼합분말을 다르게 사용함으로써 다른 반응경로를 따라 성장된 일방향 집합조직 YB $a_{2}$BaCu $O_{5}$(Y211)형상과 분포가 초기 혼합분말이 달라짐에 따라 상당히 다르게 형성되었다. 여러 반응경로 중에서 $Y_{2}$ $O_{3}$+Y123$\longrightarrow$ $Y_{1.6}$Ba/ sub 2.2/ $O_{y}$와 ( $Y_{2}$ $O_{3}$BaCu $O_{2}$)+Y123$\longrightarrow$ $Y_{1.6}$B $a_{2.3}$C $u_{3.3}$ $O_{y}$반응에 의하여 용융공정된 경우 일방향 집합조직 Y 123 결정 성장이 잘 일어났으며, 특히 Y123의 포정반응 온도 이하의 낮은 온도에서도 결정성장이 일어났다. 또한 Y211입자 미세화가 다른 반응에 의한 용융공정보다 잘 일어났다. 이와같은 서로 다른 반응과정에 의하여 용융공정된 미세구조의 차이점들을 $Y_{2}$ $O_{3}$-BaO-CuO 3원계 상평형도를 이용하여 설명하였다.다.다.다.다.다.다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 1994

The effect of solidification condition and vibration on structure refinement was investigatedfor unidirectionally solidified $AI-CuAI_{2}$ eutectic composites. Eutectic composites were unidirectionally solidifiedunder vibration with variation of growth rates (R) and thermal gradient((G), $32^{\circ}C$/cm, and 35$^{\circ}C$/cm. The lamellar structure was varied according to growth condition(G/R ratio). For the structure refinementthe effect of G/R was found out to be greater rather than that of vibration. The interlamellarspacing(l) in this materials was varied with the growth rates(R) by "$\lambda^{2}R$=Constant" relationshipquot; relationship

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3-6
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• 2000

Liquid-liquid phase separation due to the very different density and composition occurs when the hypermonotectic alloys are solidified on the ground. Besides this, other factors such as preferential wetting and coalescence make it difficult to get uniform microstructures during the directional solidification of hypermonotectic alloys. Therefore a few novel solidification methods to get rid of such a nonuniformity have been reviewed and the recent experimental work using ultrasonic energy in conjunction with directional solidification has been presented. The uniformly solidified structures have been obtained when the ultrasonic of 20kHz applied to transparent organic system, Succinonitrile-Glycerol, varying ultrasonic amplitude and composition etc.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.514-519
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• 1994

일방향 응고법을 이용하여 텔루리움(Te)이 Fe-C-Si 합금 즉 주철의 응고시 흑연의 형태에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. Te이 산소와의 반응성향이 큼을 감안하여 수소 및 아르곤으로 응고분위기를 조절함으로써 각각의 분위기에서 나타나는 Te의 영향을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 아르곤 분위기에 비하여 수소분위기에서 Te의 효과가 현저하였으며, 이것은 수소가 산소의 영향력을 억제하여 Te의 산화를 방지함에 기인하는 것으로 판단되었다. 수소 분위기 하에서 Te의 효과가 극대화되었을 경우 희주철 조직은 응고속도가 극히 낮은 때에만 얻어졌으며, 미세한 편상(片狀)흑연이 평면형 응고선단을 형성하며 열전달이 일어나는 반대 방향을 따라 성장함으로써 지금까지 볼 수 없었던 독특한 조직이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 1998

Homogeneous liquids of Ni-21.5Nb-2.5Al and Ni-23.3Nb eutectic superalloys were solidified into Ni/$Ni_3$Al-$Ni_3$Nb(${\gamma}$/${\gamma}$'-${\delta}$)and Ni-Ni/$Ni_3$Nb(${\gamma}$-${\delta}$) phase by directional solidification and the effect of interlamellar spacing on microsturctural stability at high temperatures, hardness variation with growth rate was studied. The interlamellar spacing(${\lambda}$) in the eutectics was varied with the growth rate(R), corresponding to "${\lambda}^2$R ＝Constant" relationship. Isothermal heat treatments of the eutectics used in this study, provided the microstructural stability improvement at hight temperature as the interlamellar spacing increases. It was also seen that the hardness improvement is made with the growth raterowth rate

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2022

The effect of thickness on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of centrifugal cast 625 was investigated. Centrifugal cast 625 with various thickness of 10, 17 and 50mm showed partially columnar grained structure 8, 12.3 and 18.5mm respectively from the outer surface. Secondary dendrite arm spacing in the columnar grains slightly increased with increasing casting thickness. Tensile strength of the columnar region was similar regardless of casting thickness. Solidification behavior of the columnar grained region is similar to that of directional solidification, thus solidification rate in the centrifugal cast tube was extrapolated from the secondary dendrite arm spacing data of the directionally solidified material. The equiax grained region formed interior of the thick castings. The tensile strength of the equiaxed region showed the average value of the columnar region which is presumably originated from the grain structure rather than secondary dendrite arm spacing.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 1994

The dependence of the electrical resistivity on the eutectic composition and growth rates was investigated in the unidirectionally solidified Sb-InSb and Sn-Bi eutectic alloy systems, which were generally classified into the groups of f-f and nf-f eutectic system. Sb-InSb alloys containing 26-34wt.% In and Sn-Bi alloys containing 53-65wt.%Bi were prepared in vacuum sealed in a silica tube, and then these were unidirectionally solidified. Electrical resistivity of the specimens prepared by cutting the crystal section in parallel with the transverse direction and by cutting in longitudinal direction was measured. As the growth rate increased, the Sb-InSb and Sn-Bi eutectic alloys showed that the resistivity of longitudinal to the growth direction was increased but that of transverse to the growth direction was decreased. In the case of Sb-InSb eutectic alloy, increas~ng the phase boundary area and decreasing the fiber directionallity caused to increase the $p \; \parallel$ , while increasing the phase boundary area increased the $p \; \\perp$ As expected, the eutectic microstructure could be analysed well in terms of electrical resistivity.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 1986

The microstructure and mechanical properties of unidirectionally solidified Al-Fe-Ni and Al-Fe-B alloys have been studied in varying the some conditions. To investigate the change of microstructure and mechanical properties was carried out by the varying the composition and solidification rate from 1.2 to 80 mm/min at temperature gradient 60 .deg. C/cm. The results obtained are as follow; 1. In proportion to the increase of the solidification rate, the type of crystallized phase of these composite alloys was changed by added element. a) The crystallized phase of composite alloy in added nikel was changed from the rod-type fiber to platetype fiber. b) The crystallized phase of composite alloy in added boron was changed from the plate-type fiber to rod-type fiber. 2. The strength was rapidly increased with the changing process of crystallized fiber from the plate-type fiber to the rod-type.