• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.51-57
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• 2021

If a company's actions to save or avoid taxes are judged to be tax evasion rather than legal tax action by the tax authorities, the company will not only pay tax but also non-tax costs such as damage to corporate image and stock price decline due to a series of tax evasion-related news articles. Therefore, this study measures the frequency of occurrence of tax evasion controversial keywords in internet news portal as a factor to measure the severity of the case, and analyzes the effect of the frequency of occurrence on corporate value. In the Korean stock market, we crawl related articles from internet news portal by using keywords that are controversial for tax evasion targeting top companies based on market capitalization, and generate a time series of the frequency of occurrence of keywords about tax evasion by company and analyze the effect of frequency of appearance on book value versus market capitalization. Through panel regression and impulse response analysis, it is analyzed that the frequency of appearance has a negative effect on the market capitalization and the effect gradually decreases until 12 months. This study examines whether the tax evasion issue affects the corporate value of Korean companies and suggests that it is necessary to take these influences into account when entrepreneurs set up tax-planning schemes.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 1977

A laboratory experiment was carried out with loamy paddy soily under Hooded condition to study the effects of some pesticides on the decomposition rate of urea and the transformation of nitrogen. The pesticides used in this study are ten kinds, which are usually applicable for rice cropping. The soil was treated with 200ppm of fertilizer urea-N and different levels of pesticides and then incubated at $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for two weeks. The kinds of pesticides used in this study were three kinds of herbicides (2,4-D, Machete and TOK), three kinds of fungicides (Rabcide, Neo-asozine and Phenazine) at the levels of 20,100 and 200ppm and four kinds of insecticides (Birlane, Diazinon, Sumithion and Bux) at the levels of 50,250 and 500ppm. respectively. The results obtained may be summarized as follows. 1. The treatments of herbicides and fungicides show little effect on the decomposition rate of urea at the levels of 20 and 100ppm, but by the treatment of 200ppm it was retarded markedly after one day incubation aside from Rabcide and Neo-asozine. The decomposing rate of urea was inhibited weakly by the treatment with 250ppm of Sumithion and Bux, however, 500ppm of all kinds of insecticides treated in this study brought about strong inhibitory effect (over 50%) after only one day incubation. The applied urea was disappeared nearly completely in three days in all cases with and without pesticides. 2. The production of ammonium-N was increased with the increase of pesticide concentrations gradually through two weeks and otherwise in the control sample a loss of inorganic-N resulted in about 20% extent. 3. The inhibitory effect of the all applied pesticides on_the_ nitrification under flooded condition was observed markedly and may be ordered as insecticides, herbicides and fungicides according to its inhibiting action.