• Journal of the KSME
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.50-54
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• 2012

이 글에서는 인체의 보행 메커니즘의 역학적 분석에 대한 최근 연구동향을 간략히 소개하고 보행 시 에너지 효율에 관한 역학적 분석 사례를 공유함으로써 보행의 모방을 통한 새로운 보행보조 시스템 개발에서의 기계공학적 보행 분석 접근방법의 잠재력을 엿보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.263-264
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 한국인 표준체형과 유사한 사람의 의료 영상 자료를 이용하여 인체 골격계 모델을 개발하였다. 이를 동역학 해석 상용 소프웨트어인 RecurDynTM에 탑재하여 인체 시뮬레이션 모듈을 개발하였고 타당성을 검증을 거친 후 노인의 앉기-서기 및 보행 동작해석에 적용하였다. 노인이 보행기(elderly walker)를 사용하여 앉기-서기 동작을 할 때 하지관절 기구학의 변화는 미비하였으나 보행 시 각 관절의 가동범위가 감소하였고 동작시간이 증가하였다. 또한 근전도 해석결과 일부 발목 주변 근육들과 햄스트링 근육에서 근활성치가 줄거나 활성시간이 줄었다. 이러한 변화는 보행기를 이용한 보행 때 하지의 기여도가 감소했기 때문에 발생하는 현상으로 생각된다. 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 시뮬레이션 기술은 다양한 인체 정보 콘텐츠분야에 널리 활용될 것으로 생각된다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to develop a dynamic model of a human and to investigate the effect of a walker on an elderly subject's motions, such as sit-to-stand (STS) motion and normal gait, by using this model. A human model consisting of 15 segments and 14 joints was developed, embedded in $RecurDyn^{TM}$, and connected through a Simulink$^{(R)}$ interface with collected motion data. The model was validated by comparisons between joint kinematic results from inverse dynamics (Matlab$^{(R)}$-based in-house program) and from $RecurDyn^{TM}$ simulation during walking. The results indicate that the elderly walker induced a longer movement time in walking, such that the speed of joint flexion/extension was slower than that during a normal gait. The results showed that the muscle activities of parts of the ankle and hamstring were altered by use of the elderly walker. The technique used in this study could be very helpful in applications to biomechanical fields.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

Pedestrian facilities encompass pedestrian roads, stairs, and queuing areas exclusively designed for pedestrian use. The Korean Highway Capacity Manual provides guidelines for analyzing the capacity and level of service of pedestrian facilities. However, there is a lack of analysis methods tailored specifically for pedestrian facilities. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a new standard of pedestrian space to account for changes in the Korean body ellipse. Furthermore, based on this newly defined pedestrian space, we proposed a new standard value for the level of service of queuing areas. The results of on-site surveys confirmed that the proposed level of service can effectively reflect the actual walking situation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2012

Gait analysis is an examination which extracts objective information from observing human gait and assesses the function. The equipments used recently for gait analysis are expensive due to multiple cameras and force plates, and require the large space to set up the system. In this paper, we proposed a method to measure human gait motions in 3D from a monocular video. Our approach was based on particle filtering to track human motion without training data and previous information about a gait. We used dynamics to make physics-based motions with the consideration of contacts between feet and base. In a walking sequence, our approach showed the mean angular error of $12.4^{\circ}$ over all joints, which was much smaller than the error of $34.6^{\circ}$ with the conventional particle filter. These results showed that a monocular camera is able to replace the existing complicated system for measuring human gait quantitatively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.431-437
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to compute the ground reaction forces during gait in the absence of force plates. The difficulties in using force plates for hemiparetic patients inspired us to initiate this study. Level-walking experiments were performed using a three-dimensional motion analysis system with synchronized force plates. Kinematic data were obtained from the three-dimensional trajectories of reflective markers. Gait events were also detected from the kinematic data. The human body was modeled as 13 rigid segments. The mass and the center of mass of each segment were determined from anthropometric data. Vertical ground-reaction forces obtained from the kinematic data were in good agreement with those obtained using the force plate. The computed and measured values of anterior and lateral ground reaction showed similar tendencies. The computation results can be used as the basic data for inverse dynamic analysis.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.54-62
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• 2010

The scientific analysis of car-pedestrian accidents is not an easy task because of the characteristic of the accidents itself. Since the analysis involved human being, there were few experimental data that could be used for the analysis. The coefficient of friction of human body was the one of crucial data for accident analysis, but no field experiment report was available for various roadway conditions. This study intends to measure the coefficient of friction of human body through field studies. Results showed that the coefficient of friction of human body for dry asphalt pavement conditions was 0.59~0.62, and for dry concrete pavement conditions was 0.59~0.61. In addition, the coefficients for wet asphalt pavement and for wet concrete pavement conditions were 0.56~0.59 and 0.51~0.54 respectively, indicating 5.0% and 8.3% reduction compared to the dry conditions. The deduced coefficients were validated using the simulation program. It has been confirmed that the experiment values were close to the simulation results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.877-880
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• 2005

This paper suggests gait analysis and gait simulation method using Gait Motion Capture equipment and plantar pressure measurement system. The gait of normal person and how it will be effected by added weight with wearing military equipments are studied by suggested method. It is measured that a change of gait pattern when wears military equipments with Korean male adult(height 180 cm, weight 70 kg) and simulated its results.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2012

The mechanical system of wearable walking assist robot needs to be optimized for adapting with human body structure and the planned control algorithm should have a secure procedure when a incongruity situation which can cause musculoskeletal injury occurs because a wearable robot is attached to a body. The understanding of walking or musculoskeletal motions characteristics must be preceeded and analyzed for developing novel wearable walking assist robot. In this study we tried to find out the capacities of powers and torques of joint actuators to design optimized performances of system and to obtain the analysis data to figure out the characteristics of joint movements during some types of walk. The major types of walk and motion are stair climbing and descending, sit-to-stand motion, and slope walking. In this study all these motions were analyzed experimentally except slope walking.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.631-638
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• 2012

This work proposes a new method to generate velocity profile of a traction motor equipped in a rehabilitation system for knee joint patients through humanoid robot simulation. To this end, a three-dimensional full-body humanoid robot model is newly constructed, and natural human gait is simulated by applying to it reference joint angle trajectories already published. Linear velocity is derived from distance data calculated between the positions of a thigh band and its traction motor at every sampling instance, which is a novel idea of this paper. The projection rule is employed to kinematically describe the humanoid robot because of its high efficiency and accuracy, and measured joint trajectories are used in simulating human natural gait referring to Winter's book. The attained motor velocity profile for a certain position in human body will be applied to our walking-assistance system which is implemented with a treadmill system.