• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

In this study, we examined the effects of spatial attention in Hangul word recognition depending on visual factors. The visual complexity of words (Experiment 1) and contrast (Experiment 2) were manipulated to examine whether the effect of spatial attention differs depending on visual quality. Participants responded to words with and without codas in experiment 1 and words in high-contrast and low-contrast conditions in experiment 2. The effects of spatial attention were investigated by calculating the difference in performance between the condition where spatial cues were given at the target location (valid trial) and the condition where the spatial cues were not given at the target location (invalid trial) as the cuing effects. As a result, the cuing effects were similar depending on the complexity of the words. It indicates that the effects of spatial attention were not different across the visual complexity conditions. The cuing effects were greater in the low-contrast condition than in the high-contrast condition. The greater effect of spatial attention when the contrast is low was explained as a mechanism of signal enhancement.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.135-152
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to research psychological and social devices to foster self-regulated learning of Korean adolescents. This study investigated metacognitive, motivational, and behavioral factors of self-regulated learning through current research. In terms of metacognitive factors, we reviewed the importance of cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies of adolescents for better self-regulated learning. Especially we gave a great emphasis on the role of comprehension monitoring metacognitive strategy for the learning to read in this review. For motivational factors, recent research of self-regulated learning has tended to focus on self-efficacy and goal orientation. The current research examining behavioral factors of self-regulated learning has tended to focus on time management and academic procrastination. Research findings in the motivational aspect suggest that we need to develop the program to improve adolescents' self-efficacy and recognize new re-conceptualization of the goal theory. Research findings in the behavioral aspect recommend practical tips and strategies to improve time management skills and to overcome academic procrastination. Finally, future directions for research are discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.439-452
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• 2022

This study aimed to explore the relationships between random item usage and gaming disorder tendency. A total of 413 adults participated and demographic and psychosocial variables were collected using Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Daily Hassles Scale for Korean Worker. The results are as follows. First, two-third of gamers used the random item games and women are more engaged than men in random item games. Second, there were significant differences of gaming disorder tendency, game use time, and game use money (both for general and random item) depending on the item use type. Third, predictors of gaming disorder tendency were found as game use money (general), game use time, maladaptive emotion regulation, stress, novelty seeking, and stress using multiple regression analysis. Proper intervention for gaming disorder tendency and the need of further research were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.343-365
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of various individual differences on children's memory of a stressful experience. The participants for the current study were children (N=85) aged 4-9 years those who experienced a naturally occurring stressful experience from a dental procedure. There was overall negative relation between the level of stress and children's memory performance. However, more interestingly, the results of this study provided some further evidence that several cognitive (i.e., receptive language ability and working memory capacity) and emotional (i.e., children's general anxiety condition, children's self-report of pain and anxiety about the event) individual difference factors were associated with variations in children's remembering across ages. The results suggest that the relation between stress and children's memory might be impacted in part by children's various individual characteristics. Furthermore, the findings are discussed in the applied context that based on the results clinical and legal professionals can tailor interviews to best meet children's needs and capabilities, and create developmentally and individually sensitive guidelines for interviewing children in the legal system.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.111-151
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• 2023

It is reported that binge drinkers show cognitive impairment similar to alcohol use disorder patients. A previous studies using neuropsychological tests and brain imaging techniques to investigate the visual perception of alcohol use disorder patients reported that they had global-local visual perception defects. Although the neurological basis for the global-local visual perception deficit in the heavy drinking group has been presented, there are no studies to date that have investigated the global-local visual perception in the heavy drinking group. This study investigated local-biased visual perception in female college students with binge drinking (BD) using event-related potentials (ERPs). Based on the scores of the Korean version of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and the Alcohol Use Questionnaire, participants were assigned into BD (n=25) and non-BD (n=25) groups. Local-global visual processing was assessed using a local-global paradigm, in which large stimuli (global level) composed of small stimuli (local level) were presented. The stimuli presented at global and local levels were either congruent or incongruent. The behavioral results exhibited that the BD and non-BD groups did not differ in terms of accuracy and response time. In terms of ERPs, the BD and non-BD groups did not show difference in N100, P150 and N200 amplitude. However, the BD group showed significantly smaller P300 amplitude than non-BD group especially in the local condition. In addition, a negative correlation between P300 amplitude and binge drinking score was observed, i.e., severer binge drinking smaller P300 amplitude. The P300 is known to reflect cognitive inhibition and attentional allocation. In the global-local paradigm, the local condition required to attend to local target while ignoring global non-target. Therefore, the present results indicate that female college students with BD do not have local-biased visual processing, instead they seem to have difficulties in inhibition of irrelevant stimuli.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2001

We describe a new representation for learning concepts that differs from the traditional decision tree and rule induction algorithms. Our algorithm PROLEARN learns one or more prototype per class and follows instance based classification with them. Prototype here differs from psychological term in that we can have more than one prototype per concept and also differs from other instance based algorithms since the prototype is a "ficticious ideal example". We show that PROLEARN is as good as the traditional machine learning algorithms but much move stable than them in an environment that has noise or changing training set, what we call 'stability’.tability’.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2010

Recently, the scientific approach to brain engineering is actively being made for effective foreign language learning and diagnosis. In order to supplement the problem of preexistence paper exam, the study aimed to develop a tool for foreign language fluency diagnosis which based on brain engineering. The proposed tools in the paper indirectly measure the aspects of brain information processing by testing learners' 3 abilities of linguistic memory, comprehension, and language production in 5 different ways.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2022

What difference does the metaverse experience have from the real world? This study investigated the effect of space size and dialogue topic on metaverse user experience. The results from a 3(space size: reality vs. metaverse in an open room vs. metaverse in a closed room) x 2(dialogue topic: positive vs. negative) mixed factorial design experiment (N = 75) revealed statistically significant effects of space on responsiveness, and dialogue topic on closeness. This result implies that designing metaverse for non-immersive devices should include careful considerations regarding the characteristics of the user's real space.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.305-314
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a "social mentality" of primary and secondary school teachers in Anshan City, China. To conduct the study, 298 teachers in Ansan City were selected and a survey was conducted. This study adopted the method of combining literature research and questionnaire survey. The results showed that the overall level of "social mentality" of primary and secondary school teachers in Anshan was relatively high. Teachers' social support levels differed significantly from educational background, teaching section, administrative position, and school location. The path model shows the interaction mechanism between variables. It appeared that general self-efficacy and job involvement play an important role in the mechanism.

• Korean journal of psychology:General
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.81-107
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• 2017

The study aims to investigate the clinical utility of Bayley-III using US norm in Korea. A total of 98 preterm infants and 93 term infants were assessed with the K-Bayley-III. The performance pattern of preterm infants was analyzed with mixed design ANOVA which examined the differences of scaled scores and composite scores of Bayley-III between full term- and preterm- infant group and within preterm infants group. Then, We have investigated agreement between classifications of delay made using the BSID-II and Bayley-III. In addition, ROC plots were constructed to identify a Bayley-III cut-off score with optimum diagnostic utility in this sample. The results were as follows. (1) Preterm infants have significantly lower function levels in areas of 5 scaled scores and 3 developmental indexes compared with infants born at term. Significant differences among scores within preterm infant group were also found. (2) Bayley-III had the higher scores of the Mental Development Index and Psychomotor Developmental Index comparing to the scores of K-BSID-II, and had the lower rates of developmental delay. (3) All scales of Bayley-III, Cognitive, Language and Motor scale had the appropriate level of discrimination, but the cut-off composite scores of Bayley-III were adjusted 13~28 points higher than 69 for prediction of delay, as defined by the K-BSID-II. It explains the lower rates of developmental delay using the standard of two standard deviation. This study has provided empirical data to inform that we must careful when interpreting the score for clinical applications, identified the discriminating power, and proposed more appropriate cut-off scores. In addition, discussion about the sampling for making the Korean norm of Bayley-III was provided. It is preferable that infants in Korea should use our own validated norms. The standardization process to get Korean normative data must be performed carefully.