• Maritime Security
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.115-138
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• 2022

The Korean military is preparing for successful manpower reduction using advanced science and technology, in addition to carrying out the initiative of the Defense Innovation 4.0. Accordingly, studies on core technologies related to defense reform have been conducted both internally and externally in the military, and the corresponding results have also been applied. Nevertheless, compared to the development of such technologies, it is considered necessary to have more preparation for the policies related to the operation of the newly introduced equipment. As for the placement of personnel and the organization of time in service (TIS) with respect to the operation of surveillance equipment, there has been a tendency to sustain the conventional practice. Therefore, this study intends to suggest the schemes for facilitating policy improvements in the operation of manpower and security regulations in the field of information for the purpose of introducing a successful next-generation coastal guard system. To do this, the approach of this study was focused on the policies for the operation of the guard system. This is in contrast to previous studies that centered on its equipment and technologies. In addition, how to efficiently operate the guard system was also studied in view of cognitive science by deriving the most efficient time for a person to execute surveillance through the monitor based on the previous studies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2023

After participating in the Second Boer War in 1899, the Australian Army participated in world wars such as World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. To overcome the decline in the social recognition of soldiers and the continuous shortage of troops caused by the protracted war, the status and role of female personnel were expanded. The use of female manpower, which started as medical support during the Second Boer War, expanded to combat support missions such as communications, maintenance, driving, secret document management, and radar surveillance during World War II. After the Vietnam War, the Chiefs of Staff of the Australian Army, Navy and Air Force established a committee to expand women's participation in the military, improved service conditions for female personnel and supplemented regulations so that they were treated as soldiers, not women, and reached a turning point in expanding the role of female personnel in the Australian military. As a result, all combat positions, including special forces, were opened to women in 2014, and a plan was established to increase the proportion of women in each service by 2030. As a result, all combat positions, including special forces, were opened to women in 2014, and the Australian Armed Forces set a plan to increase the proportion of women by 2030. Like the Australian military, South Korea is also experiencing a demographic cliff and shortage of troops due to the continuing low birthrate problem. Through the history and current state of the use of female personnel in the Australian military, we would like to draw implications for the direction our military should go.

• Korean Security Journal
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• 제39호
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• pp.37-61
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• 2014

Nowadays the world is threatened because of terrors that take aim at Soft-Targets available and easy to access to the people rather than more secured Hard-Targets. The inspection department of the Presidential Security Service develops and acts a perfect safety plan wherever the President stays so that it is possible to get immediate actions for various contingencies. Some events, in which the President take part, could be held in a lower or higher store in a tall building. Additional to the routine work at this case it is to emphasize on a plan of fire precaution to check the spot and respond to a real fire situation, so that the damage could be minimized. First, the agents of the President Security Service should possess basic knowledge concerning to the fire accidents and be trained on their manuals, even in a busy events plan. An organization, whatever it is, could be improved in that it tries to develop not only the personal abilities, but also education programs of the organization continually. And enhanced abilities of the members lead to the driving force for the advance. The knowledge of fire accident should be able to adapt to the real situation. Second, related to the event, it should be cooperated with the relevant departments, so that it is possible to conduct and control the system. It is urgently required to know that the security event could not be done perfectly with only one part or department. Third, from the time of recognizing of the event it is necessary for the fire department to get an action plan with fire fighting measures, evacuation measures based of the instructions given by the Security Service. Fourth, on the knowledge of the action plan of the fire department the Security Service should inspect the safety activities of the spot and establish the practical operation plan through the fire fighting and evacuation plan. Fifth, the Security Service should share final informations and plan of fire fighting in a high-rise building with the other relevant departments. If not, it could cause a great confusion that could lead to a great damage.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-144
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• 2021

Recently, as competition in the market evolves from the competition among companies to the competition among their supply chains, companies are struggling to enhance their supply chain management (hereinafter SCM). In particular, as blockchain technology with various technical advantages is combined with SCM, a lot of domestic manufacturing and distribution companies are considering the adoption of blockchain-oriented SCM (BOSCM) services today. Thus, it is an important academic topic to examine the factors affecting the use of blockchain-oriented SCM. However, most prior studies on blockchain and SCMs have designed their research models based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) or the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), which are suitable for explaining individual's acceptance of information technology rather than companies'. Under this background, this study presents a novel model of blockchain-oriented SCM acceptance model based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to consider companies as the unit of analysis. In addition, Value-based Adoption Model (VAM) is applied to the research model in order to consider the benefits and the sacrifices caused by a new information system comprehensively. To validate the proposed research model, a survey of 126 companies were collected. Among them, by applying PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling) with data of 122 companies, the research model was verified. As a result, 'business innovation', 'tracking and tracing', 'security enhancement' and 'cost' from technology viewpoint are found to significantly affect 'perceived value', which in turn affects 'intention to use blockchain-oriented SCM'. Also, 'organization readiness' is found to affect 'intention to use' with statistical significance. However, it is found that 'complexity' and 'regulation environment' have little impact on 'perceived value' and 'intention to use', respectively. It is expected that the findings of this study contribute to preparing practical and policy alternatives for facilitating blockchain-oriented SCM adoption in Korean firms.

• Information Systems Review
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.57-78
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• 2016

Hacking has raised many critical issues in the modern world, particularly because the size and cost of the damages caused by this disruptive activity have steadily increased. Accordingly, many significant studies have been conducted by behavioral scientists to understand hackers and their practices. Nonetheless, only qualitative methods, such as interviews, meta-studies, and media studies, have been employed in such studies because of hacker sampling limitations. Existing studies have determined that intrinsic motivation was the dominant factor influencing hackers, and that their techniques were mainly acquired from online hacking communities. However, such results have yet to be causally proven. This study attempted to identify the causal factors influencing the motivational and environmental factors encouraging hackers to learn hacking skills. To this end, hacker community members using the theory of planned behavior were observed to identify the causal factors of their learning of hacking skills. We selected a group of students who were developing their hacking skills. The survey was conducted over a two-week period in May 2015 with a total of 227 students as respondents. After list-wise deletion, 215 of the responses were deemed usable (94.7 percent). In summary, the hackers were aware that hacking skills are considered socially unethical, and their attitudes toward the learning of hacking skills were affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. In addition, the characteristics of the online hacking community affected their perceived behavioral control. This study introduced new concepts in the process of conducting a causal relationship analysis on a hacker sample. Moreover, this research expanded the discussion on the causal direction of subjective norms in unethical research, and empirically confirmed that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations affect the learning of hacking skills. This study also made a practical contribution by raising the educational and policy response issues for ethical hackers and demonstrating the necessity to intensify the punishment for hacking.