• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.73-87
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the economic deprivation of male-headed or female-headed households. Household having children under the age of 18 are categorized into three types according to the gender of household head: male-headed household, female-headed household, and dual-parents household. The findings from data, for this study came from the Korean Labor Panel Study in 2003. The analysis shows that the household's age, education, residence types, etc are key explanatory variables in determining whether to be in poverty. While the public income transfer is most effective in reducing poverty in female-headed households, the private income source is relatively more useful among male-headed families. Since single-household families are particularly at risk, public policy makers should pay special attentions to developing and expanding welfare-to-work programs which provides work incentives to overcome relative poverty and community networks on child care.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.194-218
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• 2008

The public-private partnership concept can encompass a broad range of cooperative relations and a broad variety of programmes in terns of size, objectives and design. This paper aims to analyze the components of public-private partnership mechanisms in the context of science and technology innovation policy. The research methodologies are based on semi-structured interviews with policy makers in four countries with six PPP programme : the France, the Netherlands, the Australia and Austria. It also attempts to understanding of the components that explain the increase of collaboration between national innovation system and PPPs. The taxonomy and essential components of PPPs were identified : mission-oriented PP/Ps, market-Oriented PP/Ps, cluster-oriented PP/Ps, and ISRs-Oriented PP/Ps. The taxonomy of regulatory regime can be a reference point for identifying the relative status of Korea's PPPs.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2020

Family companies are the unique industry-academic cooperation-related systems of Korean universities created by universities to promote various forms of industry-academic cooperation with companies. It is important to figure out the current status of family companies in order to understand the achievements of industrial-academic cooperation projects that have been actively pursued since the early 2000s. A lot of studies on industry-academic cooperation have focused mainly on the university's position. On the contrary, this study focuses on understanding the current status of the family company system and the status of industry-academic cooperation. Introduced in 2004, the Family Company System expanded rapidly as it was used as a performance indicator for college financial support projects related to industry-academic cooperation, with 174,425 companies registered as family companies as of 2017. A survey of family companies registered in universities carrying out the LINC+ project shows that companies registered in multiple universities are increasing, with relatively high demand and satisfaction for industry-academic cooperation among companies. Family companies were found to be relatively satisfied in terms of the use of R&D equipment or joint research, while they were relatively less satisfied in terms of workforce training and retraining. While companies have assessed product quality improvements through industry-academic cooperation, they have underestimated the effect of increasing sales and reducing production costs. Further, it was found that it was urgent to expand incentive systems and improve online information services to boost corporate participation in order to enhance the effectiveness of industry-academic cooperation.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.101-121
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• 2018

This paper studies the influence of multinational R&D Labs' expansion motives on their business performance and the mediating effect of the level of control on this motive-performance relationship. Through an in-depth study of the relevant literature, the expansion motives can be divided into four general types. The first is called a market factor in the sense that the purpose of their expansion is to secure potential markets and customers in China. The second is called a resource factor; their purpose is to obtain excellent technology and a workforce from the country. The third is called an institution factor. An example is the case of R&D Labs advancing into China to make the best of its institutional advantages such as the government's benefits, related policies, and incentive articles. The last is called a strategic factor and indicates the case where they go into China for the purpose of competing in the market, considering it as a major strategic place. The companies' control level on their R&D Labs was measured for each item. According to the empirical analysis on the relevance of their control level and expansion motives, it turns out that giving a free hand to the Labs which pursue market, institutional, and strategic factors is more desirable than highly controlling them. This is because they should be familiar with the local business environment in consideration of those companies' objectives. In light of the mediating effects of the control level on expansion motives and business performance, the R&D Labs pursuing resource factors seem to need their headquarters' control to make the best use of the high-end technology obtained in the country. The companies pursuing strategic factors seem to hold a dominant position and perform more competitively when their headquarters control the Labs more tightly.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.121-135
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• 2018

The ministry of land, Infrastructure and transport has revised the "National Land Planning and Utilization Act" in 2012. As a result, the regulation of floor area ratio for land covering two or more zoning area has been changed. This study conducted an analysis of the policy effects of changes in the criteria for the application of the floor area ratio by revising the "National Land Planning and Utilization Act". Land covering two or more zoning area means a street side commercial area and street side residential area that is generally understood. This study analyzed the policy effects in Gangnam-gu which has relatively large areas of street side commercial area and street side residential area. The 468 office building transaction cases were analyzed in Gangnam-gu from 2007 to 2017. The result shows that the office building, which has received incentive for policy changes, reported a 19.08% rise in price compared to the one that did not. It means that the economic effects of change of application standard were significant. The existing policy also served as a restriction on land use by landowners, which in turn contributed to the devaluation of the asset's intrinsic value. Therefore, this study may have contributed to the rational use of land and to provide an empirical basis for the change in policy to be assessed for its intrinsic value.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.22
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• pp.99-120
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• 2003

그 동안 지속적인 경제성장을 바탕으로 한국의 생명보험산업은 양적으로 성장하였다. 그러나 내면을 살펴보면 외형을 떠받칠 만큼 내실있게 성장했는지에 대해서는 많으 의구심을 갖게 한다. 현실적으로 경제성장을 바탕으로 한 외형성장은 한계를 맞을 수 밖에 없으며, 이제는 질적인 내실을 기하기 위해 그 동안 소홀히 했던 보함산업의 전반의 체질개선이 필요하다. IMF이후 경영이 부실한 보험사들이 퇴출되면서 전면적인 개편이 이루어졌고, 또한 보험사 내부에서도 전반적인 개혁의 필요성을 인식하여 여러 방면으로 방안을 구체화하고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 상황하에서 생명보험산업의 기존 문제점 개선방안의 일환으로, 보험산업의 가장 핵심분야라 할 수 있는 언더라이팅 분야의 국내현황을 살펴보면서 보험선진국의 제도 및 운영현황과 비교 분석하여 부문별 문제점을 도출하고, 그에 따른 개선방안을 제안하게 되었으며, 본 논문에서 제시된 개선방안을 요약해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 언더라이팅을 신속 정확하게 수행하고 도덕적 위험을 배제하기 위하여 개선된 정보교환시스템 제도를 구축해야 하며, 사정자료의 수집업무를 전문기관에게 아웃소싱함으로써 비용절감을 기하여야 한다. 이와 아울러 모집인의 전문성을 제고시켜 보험계약 청약서와 모집인 보고서가 정확하게 작성되도록 하고 언더라이팅 실적과 연계한 인센티브제도에 의하여 모집수당이 지급되도록 하여 언더라이팅이 효과적으로 수행되도록해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 언더라이팅기법의 선진화를 기함으로써 위험에 상응하는 보험료를 부가하여 위험에 노출되어 있는 가망고객의 보험가입율을 높이고, 보험사고 발생시 실질적인 보험혜택을 누리도록 하여야 한다. 이를 위한 실천방안으로 의적 직업적 재정적 언더라이팅 선진기법을 도입하여 각 부문의 역량을 강화해야 할 것이다. 특히 제도적으로 개인신용정보의 언더라이팅 활용이 제한되어 있는 현실에서 이를 법제도 내로 흡수하면서 개인의 사생활 유지라는 목적을 동시에 달성되도록 하는 재정적 언더라이팅 기법의 강화가 특히 중요하리라 생각된다. 아울러 언더라이팅 업무를 효과적 효율적 수행을 통해 일관성 있는 의사결정이 이루어질 수 있도록 지원하는 언더라이팅 시스템구축을 통해 정형화된 인수과정은 결정시스템화하고, 복잡한 위험의 경우 자문 시스템으로 운영하여 간단한 언더라이팅 업무는 구축된 시스템을 통해 즉각 해결함으로써 시간을 절약할 수 있고, 언더라이팅 인력은 보다 전문적인 부문에 집중하도록 해야 할 것이다. 마지막으로, 비표준위험시장의 활성화를 위해서는 현재의 제약조건인 생명보험 상품개발을 세트형에서 조립형으로 전환하고, 재보험으로 위험을 분산하여 비표준위험의 인수를 증대하여야 할 것이다. 이와 더불어 언더라이팅 과정에서 얻어진 피보험자의 사정자료를 활용하여 고객에게 필요한 의료정보 등을 제공함으로써, 피보험자와 유대관계를 돈독히 하여 기존계약이 계속 유지되도록 하며, 추가계약이 이루어지도록 해야 할 것이다. 이상과 같은 비표준위험의 언더라이팅 개선방안이 보다 효과적으로 수행되고 발전하기 위해서는 통계축적 및 관리, 전문 언더라이터 양성, 전산을 이용한 언더라이팅 확대 등이 이루어져야 하므로 향후 이에 대한 집중적인 연구가 있어야 할 것이다.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.231-259
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• 2006

Performance-based budgeting(hereafter PB2) is supposed to improve efficiency and effectiveness of public organizations. Governmental PB2 is based on output flow rather than input flow. Since 1990s, many OECD nations including New Zealand and the United States have been changing their budget system to PB2. The Korean Government has been using input-based budgeting focusing on the size of expenditures. In 1999, The Ministry of Planning and Budget(hereafter MPB) conducted pilot projects for divisions or agencies of governmental departments for the purpose of improving efficiency in expenditure, rationalizing budget allotments, and inducing budget savings. However, performance budgeting may also have problems in terms of measurement and application. Due to the fact that public goals are abstract and may vary, it is difficult to induce performance indicators from public goals. There also seem not to be any performance indicators which correspond with the conditions of desirable indicators, such as validity, reliability, clarity, practicality, controllability and so on. In terms of applying an original budgeting plan, the difficulty of linking performance and budgeting, the appearance of unintended negative effect and externalities, and the repulsion of subordinated agencies are expected. Now days, local government is going to introduce PB2. Same problem may happen in the local government. And Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to introduce PB2 onlocal government and review a alternative strategy with the purpose of smoothly settling performance budgeting on local government. That is the linkage of Balanced Scorecard(BSC) and PB2.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.237-245
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement plan for an effective benefit sharing support policy through empirical analysis on the benefit sharing operation of government as well as the benefit sharing support policy of government affecting firm performance. Therefore, this study analyzed current problems on benefit sharing operation of government as well as performed a survey for 225 participating and cooperation firms regarding firm performance. This study found some improvements such as insufficient diverse incentive measures leading to the difficulty of participating firm's increase and spread, insufficient substantial benefit sharing such a cash allocation between consignment firms, the increase of biz management system model failing to induce innovation of new technology or product, and difficult spread into 2nd, 3rd cooperative firms besides 1st ones, meanwhile, verifying the positive influence of government benefit sharing support policy on both participating and cooperation firms, especially on the performance of cooperation firms. As a further study, it is necessary to increase the objectiveness and accuracy of a research through verification of the interrelationships between firm statue and performance on the basis of more objective and quantitative data such a sales increase or R&D capability of cooperation firms.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.99-127
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• 2007

When the margin between available capacity and demand is thin in a liberalized electricity market, prices rise steeply and system reliability is threatened. The principal response to these circumstances is often an assumption that price spikes and electricity shortages are the result of a failure to build sufficient new supplying facilities. It is, of course, often the case that additional investments in generation and network facilities would improve reliability, and such investments are often needed. But focusing on additional generation and transmission facilities for restoring balance to the grid overlooks the essential fact that reliability is a function of the relationship between supply and demand, imposing unnecessary costs on electric system. When the relationship is out of balance, the search for solutions must consider not only investments supply-side resources but also cost-effective demand-side resources such as accelerated load management, efficiency measures, and price-responsive load programs. Integrating demand resources into electricity markets can add enormous value to the electric system, widening the capacity margin, lowering costs and enhancing system reliability at the same time. This paper studies several challenges now facing electricity markets: demand-side management-especially, economic effects of demand response, potential reliability problems, market and system operation, CBP market improvements and so on. The paper concludes with a series of policy recommendations in five areas: (i) The Effects of efficient improvement to incorporate demand responses and demand-side resources into modem electricity markets, (ii) Fosteing price based demand response and (iii) improving incentive based demand response, (iv) strengthen demand response analysis and valuation, (v) integrating demand response into resource planning and adopting enabling technologies.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2012

Carbon Point system is Climate Change Action Program by providing incentives in proportion to voluntary reduction of energy consumption such as electricity, gas and water for houses, commercial facilities. So far, existing researches have been limited to construction of GHG(Green House Gas) Inventory and have little attention to empirical impact analysis on carbon reduction policy regarding the residential section. Therefore, this paper is intended to provide convincing findings of impact analysis on carbon reduction, revolving around the carbon point system. For this, we firstly calculated the carbon emission by using electricity and gas usage data in household targeting to Seongbuk-Gu. Carrying out IPA and spatio-temporal analysis. Then, we are capable of visualizing spatial patterns from 2007 to 2009 as a macro analysis. Following that, we explored the effect on carbon point system through Ex ante-Ex post Analysis by paired t-test. To conclude, we can spatially identify the distribution with a significant difference between carbon emissions according to energy use as a micro analysis by Hot Spot to Analysis on point entities. It is to be hoped that this method will be utilized to establish various policies and to evaluate the effect of reduction of GHG.