• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.240-245
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• 2014

As the seriousness of the global environment pollution is gaining our attention recently, researches on application of greenhouse gas emission of ship are being carried globally. However domestic study on greenhouse gas emission from ship was not carried out in various fields. In this study, quantitative data which was presented by greenhouse gas emission of training ship HANBADA and greenhouse gas emission was calculated by Tier 1 method based on total fuel consumption and amount of shore power. Actual voyage data for 1year in 2012 was used to analysis the greenhouse gas emission. This study showed how many weight of gases were exhausted per 1 gross tonnage and per 1trainee in the training ship. There is a need of further research to reduce pollutant and to respond to international environment regulation consistently.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.405-405
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• 2023

최근 기후변화로 인한 극심한 홍수와 가뭄, 폭염 등 이상 기온 및 기후에 따른 피해가 급격히 증가하는 추세이다. 특히, 집중호우로 인해 도심지에서 발생한 홍수피해는 재산피해뿐만 아닌 수 많은 인명피해가 발생하고 있다. 국내에서는 수재해로부터 인명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 용수공급과 체계적인 치수 사업이 행한 바 있다. 이러한 치수 사업에서 경제성 분석은 사업 전·후 의 편익추정이 완벽히 검증되기 쉽지 않으며, 기존의 치수 계획은 유역 전반에 걸쳐 다양한 홍수 방어시설의 종합적인 고려 없이 제방 중심으로만 수립되어 홍수 발생 시 하천에 과도한 부담을 줄 뿐만 아니라, 사업의 경제성이 낮게 평가되고 있다. 이렇게 국내에서 행해진 하천설계기준에서 제안되었던 경제성 분석 방법은 여러 가지 문제점들을 내포하고 있으며 지속적인 홍수피해가 발생하였다. 이와 같은 문제점들을 개선하고자 개발된 K-FRM(Forean-Flood-Risk Model)은 능동형 하천정보 운영을 통한 다차원 하천관리체계 구축 및 활용을 위한 정량적 위험도 평가 툴로 위험지역에 노출된 자산의 정보(인벤토리), 평가기준, 손상함수, 계량화 원단위 등 홍수피해를 추정하는데 활용이 가능하며, 손실 또는 피해액으로 표현되는 재해손실은 경제적인 관점에서의 위험이며 금전적인 형태로 표현된다. 본 연구에서는 홍수피해액 정량화 모델인 K-FRM을 활용하여 굴포천 유역과 영강 유역을 대상으로 항목별 피해액 산정 후, 정량적 피해액 산정 방법인 EAD(Expected Annual Damage) 분석을 통해 홍수피해위험지도를 작성하여 표준유역별, 행정구역별 홍수피해액을 산정하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.47-60
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• 2023

A thorough inventory of ship emissions, particularly ship's emission of in-port area is necessary to identify significant sources of exhaust gases such as NOx, SOx, PM, and CO₂ and trends in emission levels over time, and reduce their serious effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the volume of emissions from ships in Mokpo port, which serves as a gateway to the southwest coast of Korea, using a bottom-up methodology and data from the automatic identification system (AIS) and the Korean Port Management Information System (Port-MIS). In this work, an analysis of ship movement utilizing AIS data and an actual set of data on ship specification were gathered. By examining ship movement using AIS data, We also proposed a new approach for identifying cruising/maneuvering mode. Finally, the results were classified by ship operating mode, by exhaust gas, by ship type, and by berth, which provides a thorough and in-depth analysis of the air pollution caused by ships in Mokpo port.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.408-412
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• 2012

Recently, new climate change mechanism after 2020 year has been accepted with the parties, and so government is pushing ahead the GHG reduction policies to achieve the effective results. Especially, it is essential to enhance the role of railroad in the public traffic system as well as to develop new cars with high energy efficiency for the GHG reduction of transportation sector. Thus, the calculation method of GHG emission of railroad should be established to manage the emission continuously. In this study, the calculation method of GHG emission of railroad was defined with Tier level considering its emission sources to refer to 2006 IPCC guideline for national GHG inventories. Also, the GHG emission of railroad at Tier 1 level was investigated using the activity data related to the amount of diesel and electricity consumption from 2008 to 2010. As a result, total GHG emission in 2010 was about 2,060 thousands ton CO2e, which have 73% of electricity and 27% of diesel. In future, the plans on the GHG reduction of railroad will be accomplished by the analysis of the detailed trends on the basis of the emission management of Tier 3 level under operating patterns. Therefore, it is important to develop the specific GHG emission factors of railroad in advance.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.456-464
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• 2016

Korea established an inventory of 1,916 sites of inland wetlands during a nationwide investigation from 2000 to 2010. If inland wetlands is included in or near various protected areas designated by the government, it can be selected as a wetland to be managed with priority. This study evaluated the aspect of management of inland wetlands by analyzing the correlation between locations of national protected areas and inland wetlands. As a result, it was shown that a considerable percentage of current inland wetland was located in areas that were designated and managed as protected areas by the government, as they had a high value of natural environment protection (527 sites, 31.61 %). When the range was widened to a radius of 1 km for protected areas, 959 sites were included and 57.53 % of sites were located in or nearby the protected areas. Among them, 46.79 % of sites were distributed up to or within a 1 km radius of waterside areas and rivers; it accounted for 81.33 % of wetlands located in protected areas. Therefore, it was found that locations of current inland wetlands were mostly in contact with rivers. The results of overlay analysis were classified into high, medium and low; the correlation of location with inland wetlands was analyzed through the analysis of separation distance of various protected areas. The number of wetlands located in areas of a 'high' value of protection was 998 (59.87 %); 289 sites (17.34 %) were distributed in areas of a 'low' value of protection. This implies that these wetlands are located in artificial areas and are more exposed to environmental pressures. Thus, these wetlands could be determined as inland wetlands, which we considered for the establishment of measures to prevent damage.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.286-293
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• 2012

Korean government is enforcing 'Greenhouse gas target management' in order to achieve Greenhouse gas reduction target. To attain Greenhouse gas reduction target, companies in Korea must establish their GHG inventory system and analysis their GHG emissions characteristics for deduction of mitigation measures. LMDI(Log Mean Divisia Index) decomposition analysis is widely used to understand characteristics of GHG emission and energy consumption. In this paper, the characteristics of GHG emission from the line of railroad in Korea is respectively analyzed in terms of conversion effect, intensity effect, production effect and distance effect. Data of railroad GHG emission from 2000 to 2007 are used. As a result, total effect of railroad's GHG emission is $96,813tCO_2eq$. Production effect ($39,865tCO_2eq$) and distance effect ($327,923tCO_2eq$) affect increase of railroad GHG emissions while Conversion effect ($-158,161tCO_2eq$) and intensity effect ($-112,814tCO_2eq$) influence decrease of the emissions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.4
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• pp.502-510
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• 2022

In the national greenhouse gas inventory, a settlements category has never been included owing to the lack of activity data. Therefore, this study was conducted to obtain basic data for estimating biomass carbon storage in settlements. Nondestructive stem analysis with a laser dendrometer was performed on four major street tree species (Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Prunus armeniaca, Ginkgo biloba, and Acer buergerianum) in Wonju city, South Korea. Allometric equations of the aboveground volume were developed using five models, and allometric equations of crown area were developed with diameter at breast height (DBH) as an independent variable. The best performing allometric equations were aD²+bD+c for M.glyptostroboides and G. biloba, aD+bD² for P. armeniaca, and a+bD² for A. buergerianum. Regarding the allometric equations of crown area with DBH as an independent variable, G. biloba and A. buergerianum exhibited low coefficients of determination (R²), i.e., < 0.364, whereas M. glyptostroboides and P. armeniaca exhibited satisfactory R² values, i.e., > 0.767, probably due to different street tree management practices. The allometricequations in this study will support the carbon inventory of settlements and urban tree monitoring in management practices.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2022

This study was conducted to perform efficient conservation and management by classifying the types of wetlands distributed in forests of Korea and assigning grades according to the evaluation system from 2015 until 2019. From 2005 to 2014, 1,264 sites derived from the first national forest wetland survey and 16 additional excavated sites were classified and also evaluated 455 out of a total of 1,280 forest wetlands. Forest wetlands are divided into four types: natural type, abandoned paddy field type, man-made type, and modified type, and by reclassifying them in detail, a total of 11 detailed wetland types could be distinguished. Based on this, evaluation was performed according to various items such as plants and ecology, hydrology and hydrology, humanities and society, and the degree of disturbance was graded. As a result, the forest wetland value was sorted at 30 A- grade sites, high-value B-grade 201 sites, moderate C-grade 184 sites, and low-value D-grade 40 sites. Forest Genetic Resource Reserve (FGRR) and other effective area -based conservation measures (OECMs) were designated for 231 sites that received a high grade of A or B, and a long-term monitoring system should be established to systematically conserve forest biodiversity hotspot. It is judged that wetlands need to be managed more effectively and at the national level.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2024

As climate change issues intensify, the importance of green spaces, a Nature-based Solution (NbS), is being emphasized for urban climate change adaptation. This study analyzes the carbon neutrality effects of the historical landscape forests of Seolleung and Jeongneung, large green spaces in urban areas, using the i-Tree Eco simulation. By doing so, the study underscores the significance of maintenance and management from a climate change adaptation perspective. For the simulation analysis, an inventory was established based on field-measured tree monitoring data of 10,643 trees within the study area, linked with climate data from nearby weather observation stations. The analysis results showed that the trees within the study area annually reduced air pollutants by 5,400 kg, stored 1,260 tons of carbon, and sequestered 98.23 tons of carbon. Additionally, since the study area primarily consists of forest species, it was found that it can secure relatively higher biomass accumulation compared to trees applied to street trees and park green spaces. This emphasizes the need for maintenance and management of historical landscape forests as urban resources that can contribute to national carbon neutrality due to their high forest structure integrity, in addition to their heritage preservation value.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.117-128
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• 2012

The Government of South Korea has continued its effort to fixate virtuous circle of economic growth and climate change response to cope with international demands and pressure to commitment for greenhouse gas reduction effectively. Nationally, Korean Government has established "Enforcement of the Framework Act on Low carbon, Green Growth"(2010. 4. 13) to implement national mid-term GHG mitigation goal(30% reduction by 2020 compare to BAU), which established the foundation for phased GHG mitigation by setting up the sectoral and industrial goal, adopting GHG and Energy Target Management System. Also, follow-up measures are taken such as planning and control of mid-term and short-term mitigation target by detailed analysis of potential mitigation of sector and industry, building up the infrastructure for periodic and systematic analysis of target management. Likewise, it is required to establish more accurate, reliable and detailed sectoral GHG inventory for successfully establishment and implement the frame act. In comparison to the $CO_2$ emission, Especially fluorinated greenhouse gases (HFCs, PFCs, $SF_6$) are lacking research to build the greenhouse gas inventories to identify emissions sources and collection of the applicable collection activities data. In this study, with the refrigeration and air conditioning sector being used to fluorine refrigerant(HFCs) as the center, greenhouse gas emission estimation methodology for evaluating the feasibility of using this methodology look over and mobile air conditioning, fixed air conditioning, household refrigeration equipment, commercial refrigeration equipment for the greenhouse gas emissions were calculated. First look at in terms of methodology, refrigeration and air conditioning sector GHG emissions in developing country-specific emission factors and activity data of the industrial sector the construction of the DB is not enough, it's 2006 IPCC Guidelines Tier 2a (emission factor approach) rather than the Tier 2b (mass balance approach) deems appropriate, and each detail by process, sectoral activity data more accurate, if DB is built Tier 2a (emission factor approach) can be applied will also be judged. Refrigeration and air conditioning sector in 2009 due to the use of refrigerant greenhouse gas emissions ($CO_2eq.$) assessment results, portable air conditioner 1,974,646 ton to year, fixed-mount air conditioner 1,011,754 ton to year, household refrigeration unit 4,396 ton to year, commercial refrigeration equipment 1,263 ton to year was estimated to total 2,992,037 tons.