• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.975-987
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• 2023

With the advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, the provision of data-driven AI services that enable automation and intelligence is increasing across industries, raising concerns about the AI security risks that may arise from the use of AI. Accordingly, Foreign countries recognize the need and importance of AI regulation and are focusing on developing related policies and regulations. This movement is also happening in Korea, and AI regulations have not been specified, so it is necessary to compare and analyze existing policy proposals or guidelines to derive common factors and identify complementary points, and discuss the direction of domestic AI regulation. In this paper, we investigate AI security risks that may arise in the AI life cycle and derive six points to be considered in establishing domestic AI regulations through analysis of each risk. Based on this, we analyze AI policy proposals and recommendations in Korea and validate additional issues. In addition, based on a review of the main content of AI laws in the US and EU and the analysis of this paper, we propose measures to improve domestic guidelines and policies in the field of AI.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.183-204
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• 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, lots of occasions need to be held in online environment. This is the reason why "Metaverse" gets lots of attention in 2021. A number of companies made announcements on Metaverse, and this situation also boomed stock market. This paper investigates the relationship between Metaverse initiatives and business value of the firm (i.e., stock prices). We examine this relationship by using event study method with Lexis-Nexis News data from 2019 to 2021. The results indicate that Metaverse initiatives significantly impact positive influence on firm's value. In the technological perspective, technical factors affect more positive market returns, including Metaverse enablers (e.g., NFT, VR devices, digital twin) and common infrastructure (e.g., semiconductor, AI, cloud), and especially virtual environment was emphasized. Additionally, in the strategical perspective, radical innovation (e.g., pivoting, acquisition) impact more positive market return rather than incremental innovation (e.g., partnership, investment). Also, firms from non-service industries can achieve benefits from Metaverse initiatives rather than service industry in some degree.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.967-971
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• 2023

Recently, a variety of AI-based platform services are available, and one of them is ChatGPT that processes a large quantity of data in the natural language and generates an answer after self-learning. ChatGPT can perform various tasks including software programming in the IT sector. Particularly, it may help generate a simple program and correct errors using C Language, which is a major programming language. Accordingly, it is expected that ChatGPT is capable of effectively using Verilog HDL, which is a hardware language created in C Language. Verilog HDL synthesis, however, is to generate imperative sentences in a logical circuit form and thus it needs to be verified whether the products are executed properly. In this paper, we aim to select small-scale logical circuits for ease of experimentation and to verify the results of circuits generated by ChatGPT and human-designed circuits. As to experimental environments, Xilinx ISE 14.7 was used for module modeling, and the xc3s1000 FPGA chip was used for module embodiment. Comparative analysis was performed on the use area and processing time of FPGA to compare the performance of ChatGPT products and Verilog HDL products.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.96-109
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to propose a method for evaluating the similarity of Show gardens using Deep Learning models, specifically VGG-16 and ResNet50. A model for judging the similarity of show gardens based on VGG-16 and ResNet50 models was developed, and was referred to as DRG (Deep Recognition of similarity in show Garden design). An algorithm utilizing GAP and Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to construct the model, and the accuracy of similarity was analyzed by comparing the total number of similar images derived at 1st (Top1), 3rd (Top3), and 5th (Top5) ranks with the original images. The image data used for the DRG model consisted of a total of 278 works from the Le Festival International des Jardins de Chaumont-sur-Loire, 27 works from the Seoul International Garden Show, and 17 works from the Korea Garden Show. Image analysis was conducted using the DRG model for both the same group and different groups, resulting in the establishment of guidelines for assessing show garden similarity. First, overall image similarity analysis was best suited for applying data augmentation techniques based on the ResNet50 model. Second, for image analysis focusing on internal structure and outer form, it was effective to apply a certain size filter (16cm × 16cm) to generate images emphasizing form and then compare similarity using the VGG-16 model. It was suggested that an image size of 448 × 448 pixels and the original image in full color are the optimal settings. Based on these research findings, a quantitative method for assessing show gardens is proposed and it is expected to contribute to the continuous development of garden culture through interdisciplinary research moving forward.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.73-82
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• 2024

In 2017, the United Nations reported that the population aged 60 and above was increasing more rapidly than all younger age groups worldwide, projecting that by 2050, the population aged 60 and above would constitute at least 25% of the global population, excluding Africa. The world is experiencing a decline in the rate of increase in the working-age population due to global aging, and the younger generation tends to avoid difficult and challenging occupations. Although theoretically, AI equipped with artificial intelligence can replace humans in all fields, in the realm of practical information security, human judgment and expertise are absolutely essential, especially in ethical considerations. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to retrain and reintegrate IT professionals aged 50 and above who are retiring or seeking career transitions, aiming to bring them back into the industry. For this research, surveys were conducted with 21 government/public agencies representing demand and 9 security monitoring companies representing supply. Survey results indicated that both demand (90%) and supply (78%) unanimously agreed on the absolute necessity of such measures. If the results of this research are applied in the field, it could lead to the strategic development of senior information security professionals, laying the foundation for a new market in the Korean information security industry amid the era of low birth rates and longevity.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2024

Tricholoma matsutake is a traditional favorite food in East Asia, cultivated in fairy rings called "shiro," which are found near Pinus densiflora. For effective artificial cultivation of Tri. matsutake, microorganisms from symbiotic fairy rings are co-cultivated. In this study, one bacterial isolate (Y22_B35) and two fungal isolates (Y22_F64 and Y22_F68) displayed growth-promoting effects on Tri. matsutake mycelium (158.47, 125.00, and 122.26% enhanced growth, respectively). For identification, 16S rRNA or ITS regions from the microorganisms¡¯ genomes were sequenced. Other sequences, including BenA, CaM, and RPB2 were sequenced in the fungal isolates. The bacterial isolate Y22_B35 was identified as Bacillus cereus. Y22_F64 and Y22_F68 were identified as Umbelopsis nana and Aspergillus parvulus, respectively. To identify the effects of the dominant microorganisms on Tri. Matsutake cultivation, metagenomic analyses were performed. Discovery of these Tri. matsutake mycelium growth-promoting microorganisms and metagenomics analyses are expected to contribute to our understanding of Tri. matsutake fruiting body growth and construction of biomimicry.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2024

ChatGPT, an interactive artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot developed by Open AI in the U.S., gaining popularity with great repercussions around the world. Some academia are concerned that ChatGPT can be used by students for plagiarism, but ChatGPT is also widely used in a positive direction, such as being used to write marketing phrases or website phrases. There is also an opinion that ChatGPT could be a new future for "search," and some analysts say that the focus should be on fostering rather than excessive regulation. This study analyzed consciousness about ChatGPT for college students through a survey of their perception of ChatGPT. And, plagiarism inspection systems were prepared to establish an education support model using ChatGPT and ChatGPT. Based on this, a university education support model using ChatGPT was constructed. The education model using ChatGPT established an education model based on text, digital, and art, and then composed of detailed strategies necessary for the era of the 4th industrial revolution below it. In addition, it was configured to guide students to use ChatGPT within the permitted range by using the ChatGPT detection function provided by the plagiarism inspection system, after the instructor of the class determined the allowable range of content generated by ChatGPT according to the learning goal. By linking and utilizing ChatGPT and the plagiarism inspection system in this way, it is expected to prevent situations in which ChatGPT's excellent ability is abused in education.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

Among e-government services, the intelligent CCTV control platform is a screening control service that utilizes artificial intelligence to display major objects such as people, cars, etc. to control personnel when they appear on CCTV. The operation of an intelligent CCTV control platform is expected to improve the quality of life of citizens by enabling rapid response in the event of an emergency and increasing the resolution of complaints. In this study, the benefits of the intelligent CCTV control platform, a non-market good, were estimated by applying the contingent valuation method (CVM), a choice experiment technique, to estimate the average willingness to pay per household and calculate the social benefits. As a result of the analysis, the average willingness to pay per household was estimated to be KRW 6,908 per year, and the economic benefits for the country as a whole were estimated to be about KRW 150.4 billion per year. This study is of academic significance as it extends the application of CVM to the field of intelligent e-Government services. The Intelligent CCTV control platforms is being actively discussed, this study has practical implications in that the benefits were estimated in monetary value.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.284-294
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• 2006

Objective: Activating mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2) have been shown to cause syndromic craniosynostosis such as Apert and Crouzon syndromes. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the resultant phenotypes induced by the two distinctive bone-targeted gene constructs of FGFR2, Pro253Arg and Cys278Phe, corresponding to human Apert and Crouzon syndromes respectively. Methods: Wild type and a transgenic mouse model with normal FGFR2 were used as controls to examine the validity of the microinjection. Micro-CT and morphometric analysis on the skull revealed the following results. Results: Both Apert and Crouzon mutants of FGFR2 induced fusion of calvarial sutures and anteroposteriorly constricted facial dimension, with anterior crossbite present only in Apert mice. Apert mice differed from Crouzon mice and transgenic mice with normal FGFR2 in the anterior cranial base flexure and calvarial flexure angle which implies a possible difference in the pathogenesis of the two mutations. In contrast, the transgenic mice with normal FGFR2 displayed normal craniofacial phenotype. Conclusion: Apert and Crouzon mutations appear to lead to genotype-specific phenotypes, possibly causing the distinctive sites and sequence of synostosis in the calvaria and cranial base. The exact function of the altered FGFR2 at each suture needs further investigation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1985

This study was designed to gain practical data on the use of soil conditioners for more efficient water managements and to establish the optimum levels of structural properties for soil conditioning. A sandy loam and a silt loam soil were each treated with two different soil conditioners, hydrophobic Bitumen or hydrophilic Uresol. The perspex tube 34 cm long were packed homogeneously with air dried soil up to 2 cm below the top, then covered over 2 cm of treated or untreated aggregates. The infiltration rate into the soil columns was measured under simulated rainfall condition. The evaporation study was carried out in the wind tunnel, and the changes of soil moisture distribution of the columns following and during the evaporation were determined by a gamma ray scanner. The infiltration rate of water into the soil column was increased to 18.7-50.8% by the Uresol treatment but it was decreased to less than 25% of control by the Bitumen treatment. Evaporation was decreased to 22.0-68.1% by the Bitumen treatment and to 38.7-68.4% by the Uresol treatment. The water use efficiency of Uresol treated column was increased to more than twice as much as that of untreated soil. Aggregate stability and wetting angle were related to water infiltration and evaporation. A positive and highly significant logarismic relationship was found between the infiltration rate and stability index-wetting angle, evaporation rate and instability index-wetting angle. It was considered that the structural stability is more important than wetting angle. This is true because the structural stability is always positively correlated to water saving, however wettability is positively correlated to the infiltration, and negatively correlated to water saving during the evaporation.