• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.245-250
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• 2023

RLHF(Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback, 인간 피드백 기반 강화학습) 방법론이 최근 고성능 언어 모델에 많이 적용되고 있다. 이 방법은 보상 모델과 사람의 피드백을 활용하여 언어 모델로 하여금 사람이 선호할 가능성이 높은 응답을 생성하도록 한다. 하지만 상업용 언어 모델에 적용된 RLHF의 경우 구현 방법에 대하여 정확히 밝히고 있지 않다. 특히 강화학습에서 환경(environment)을 담당하는 보상 모델을 어떻게 설정하는지가 가장 중요하지만 그 부분에 대하여 오픈소스 모델들의 구현은 각각 다른 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 보상 모델을 훈련하는 큰 두 가지 갈래인 '순위 기반 훈련 방법'과 '분류 기반 훈련 방법'에 대하여 어떤 방법이 더 효율적인지 실험한다. 또한 실험 결과 분석을 근거로 효율성의 차이가 나는 이유에 대하여 추정한다.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.3-38
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• 2024

Hallucination is a significant barrier to the utilization of large-scale language models or multimodal models. In this study, we collected 654 computer science papers with "hallucination" in the abstract from arXiv from December 2022 to January 2024 following the advent of Chat GPT and conducted frequency analysis, knowledge network analysis, and literature review to explore the latest trends in hallucination research. The results showed that research in the fields of "Computation and Language," "Artificial Intelligence," "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition," and "Machine Learning" were active. We then analyzed the research trends in the four major fields by focusing on the main authors and dividing them into data, hallucination detection, and hallucination mitigation. The main research trends included hallucination mitigation through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF), inference enhancement via "chain of thought" (CoT), and growing interest in hallucination mitigation within the domain of multimodal AI. This study provides insights into the latest developments in hallucination research through a technology-oriented literature review. This study is expected to help subsequent research in both engineering and humanities and social sciences fields by understanding the latest trends in hallucination research.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.307-319
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• 2023

This study aims to explain the key concepts and principles of text-based generative artificial intelligence (AI) that has been receiving increasing interest and utilization, focusing on its application in science education. It also highlights the potential and limitations of utilizing generative AI in science education, providing insights for its implementation and research aspects. Recent advancements in generative AI, predominantly based on transformer models consisting of encoders and decoders, have shown remarkable progress through optimization of reinforcement learning and reward models using human feedback, as well as understanding context. Particularly, it can perform various functions such as writing, summarizing, keyword extraction, evaluation, and feedback based on the ability to understand various user questions and intents. It also offers practical utility in diagnosing learners and structuring educational content based on provided examples by educators. However, it is necessary to examine the concerns regarding the limitations of generative AI, including the potential for conveying inaccurate facts or knowledge, bias resulting from overconfidence, and uncertainties regarding its impact on user attitudes or emotions. Moreover, the responses provided by generative AI are probabilistic based on response data from many individuals, which raises concerns about limiting insightful and innovative thinking that may offer different perspectives or ideas. In light of these considerations, this study provides practical suggestions for the positive utilization of AI in science education.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.967-971
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• 2023

Recently, a variety of AI-based platform services are available, and one of them is ChatGPT that processes a large quantity of data in the natural language and generates an answer after self-learning. ChatGPT can perform various tasks including software programming in the IT sector. Particularly, it may help generate a simple program and correct errors using C Language, which is a major programming language. Accordingly, it is expected that ChatGPT is capable of effectively using Verilog HDL, which is a hardware language created in C Language. Verilog HDL synthesis, however, is to generate imperative sentences in a logical circuit form and thus it needs to be verified whether the products are executed properly. In this paper, we aim to select small-scale logical circuits for ease of experimentation and to verify the results of circuits generated by ChatGPT and human-designed circuits. As to experimental environments, Xilinx ISE 14.7 was used for module modeling, and the xc3s1000 FPGA chip was used for module embodiment. Comparative analysis was performed on the use area and processing time of FPGA to compare the performance of ChatGPT products and Verilog HDL products.