• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2009

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate short-term clinical results and second-look arthroscopic findings after double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (DB ACL) reconstruction. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients, who were followed up for at least 24 months after DB ACL reconstruction, were included. Clinical results, such as, Lysholm knee and Tegner activity scores, and manual laxity and instrumented anterior laxity test results were evaluated. In fifteen patients (15 knees), second-look arthroscopy with staple removal was performed. At second-look arthroscopy, the authors assessed about reconstructed ACL rupture, subjective graft tension and extent of synovial coverage. Results: Lysholm knee scores significantly improved from 67.4 preoperatively to 96.1 at last follow-up (p<0.01). Tegner activity scale improved from 2.0 to 6.1. The Lachman test, at last follow-up, showed normal laxity in 39 (of 49) patients, and the pivot-shift test showed normal laxity in 36 (of 49) patients. Mean side-to-side differences improved significantly from 10.8 mm to 3.3 mm (p<0.01). Second-look arthroscopic findings showed that all patients had a normal or a near normal anteromedial bundle. However, 8 patients (53.3%) were found to have partial or complete posterolateral bundle rupture. Conclusion: Even though double-bundle ACL reconstruction was clinically effective means of restoring knee rotational and anteroposterior stabilities, there were some ruptured posterolateral bundles observed in cases under arthroscopy after double-bundle ACL reconstruction.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.127-127
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2002

Purpose : To investigate arthroscopic simple excision for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus and to examine gross change and histological evaluation of the defect through second look arthroscopy. Materials and Methods : This study included twenty-two patients who had osteochondritis dissecans of the talus that was treated with excision of arthroscopic loose body and necrotic bone tissue, leaving bleeding bed. In 7 cases, we performed second look arthroscopic examination for the evaluation of gross change of defects and histologic findings. Final results were evaluated with two clinical and functional protocols. Average follow up period was 42 months from 14 months to 8 years. Results : Ankle-hindfoot score (100 point) was improved significantly (p<0.003). Subjective and functional scores (100 points) averaged 82 points. The defect of lesion had a tendency of filling with fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage. Although the defect was filled with fibrocartilage, specific secondary lesion was not detected through second look arthroscopic examination. Conclusion : Arthroscopic debridement was an effective method for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus without progression of secondary lesion even though the defect was filled with fibrocartilage.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 1999

Chondrolysis of the femoral head s characterized by progressive destruction of the articular cartilage, resulting secondary joint space narrowing and stiffness. It is usually regarded as an idiopathic disease, but it can be produced by sequelae of an infection, trauma, or prolonged immobilization. We report a case of chondrolysis of femoral head in 45-year-old male, caused by infection and treated by arthroscopic management.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2003

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the arthroscopic findings of the transplanted human allogenic meniscus including MRI changes at follow up. Materials and Methods : From Oct. 1999 to Jun. 2002, nine patients underwent arthroscopic evaluation at follow-up. We used nonirradiated cryopreserved meniscus allograft for 6 cases and fresh-frozen for 3 cases. We used bone-plug method for medial meniscus and bone-bridge method for lateral meniscus to fix the transplanted meniscus. The average follow-up time was 13 months. We evaluated the result by lysholm score, MRI and second-look arthroscopic finding. Results : The second-look arthroscopy after allogenic meniscal transplantation revealed that grafts were well incorporated with surrounding capsular tissue. But one case showed wear on the post horn and the other case which was operated at other local clinic showed tear of the anterior hem due to non-anatomic placement of bone bridge. There was improvement of average Lysholm score form 64 to 87. Conclusion : Second-look arthroscopy revealed excellent incorporation of the allograft with firm attachment and early clinical results are satisfactory. But further studies are necessary to assess whether meniscal transplantation can prevent progressive degenerative changes.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1999

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and histological results of the osteoarthritic patients who had second look arthroscopy after microfracture surgery. Materials and Methods : From Oct. 1997 to Dec. 1998, 46 patients, 48 knees were treated by microfracture technique. In the 22 patients, 24 knees, 'second-look' arthroscopies and biopsies were performed at 6 months following microfracture. Three patients were men and 19 patients were women. Average age of the patients were 58 years (range, 40-75 years). The average follow up period was 12 months(7-20 months). We analysed clinical results according to the nine-point scale. Also we observed type II collagen formation with immunohistochemical staining. Results : Clinical results were excellent in 83% and good in 17%. Among the 24 knees, more than 80% areas of chondral defect were covered with regenerated cartilage in 21 knees. Histologically, the regenerated tissue appears to be a hybrid of hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage. Regenerated cartilage contains variable amount of type II collagen with immunohistochemical staining. Conclusion : Most of the patients had significant improvement clinically. 'Second-look' showed that the chondral defect areas were covered with newly grown grayish white tissue. Microfracture in the full thickness chondral defect provides and enriched environment for cartilaginous tissue regeneration.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2007

Purpose: To evaluate status of reconstructed ACL and changes around graft through second-look arthroscopy after arthroscopic reconstruction of the ACL with autograft tendons. Material and Methods: Between Jun. 2003 and Feb. 2007, the second look arthroscopy was performed on 22 cases. Second-look arthroscopy was conducted on average 15.1 $(7\sim31)$ months after reconstruction. 15 cases received hamstring tendon autograft, 7 cases received bone-patellar tendonbone autograft. We measured graft tension using displacement by probing, synovial coverage by visual analysis at second-look arthroscopy The assay in Lysholm score, Lachmann test and KT-2000 arthrometer were evaluated status of reconstructed ACL. Results: The hamstring tendon group showed normal tension in 11 cases and lax tension in 4 cases. The patellar tendon group showed normal tension in 3 cases, lax tension in 2 cases and partial tear in 2 cases. In the hamstring tendon group, synovial coverage was good in 11 cases, half in 3 cases and pale in 1 case, and the bone-patellar tendon-bone group was good in 4 cases and half in 3 cases. The patellar tendon group was superior to the hamstring tendon group in Lysholm score (p<0.05), but insignificance difference in KT-2000 arthrometer results statistically. Conclusion: The hamstring tendon group was superior to the bone-patellar tendon-bone group in second-look arthroscopy after ACL reconstruction with autograft tendons results, but long term follow up will be necessary to further evaluated.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2001

Purpose : The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate second look arthroscopic finding after osteochondral autograft transfer(OAT) for the treatment of the chondral defect of the knee. Materials & Methods : Fourteen out of forty cases underwent second look arthroscopy after the OAT for the treatment of the chondral defect of the knee. The average age of patients was 34 years. Preoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging was performed in eleven cases and chondral defect was confirmed in nine cases. The site of the chondral defect located at medial femoral condyle at seven, trochlea in four, and lateral fomoral condyle in three cases. The average size of the condral defect was $13\times10mm$, maximum $22\times20mm$. The number of graft was one in eight, two in three, three in two, and five in one case. The average follow-up period was twenty-one months. Second look arthroscopy was performed at six months in almost cases. Results : After the OAT, $86\%$ of cases showed that the consistency of grafted cartilage was firm and $93\%$ of cases showed that grafted cartilage was well incorporated with surrounding cartilage. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that OAT can be one of treatment modality in the chondral defect of the knee.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2007

Purpose: To assess the clinical results of ACL reconstruction with a fresh frozen Achilles allograft, retrospectively and the findings of the graft in second look arthroscopy. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight ACL reconstructions using fresh frozen Achilles tendon allograft were included in this study between March 1999 and February 2003. The average age was 31.2 years old and the average follow-up was 16.6 months(range: 12-26 months). The clinical evaluation was done by KT-1000 arthrometer, Lysholm knee score, range of motion, Lachman and pivot-shift test. Results: In the last follow-up of Lachman test, 21 cases showed normal, 5 cases grade 1, 2 cases grade 2 and 1 case grade1. The results of pivot-shift test data, 23 cases(82.1%) were normal, 4 cases(14.3%) grade 1, 1 case(3.6%) grade 2. The mean maximum side-to-side difference was improved from 6.75mm preoperatively to 2.46mm in the last follow-up. Lysholm knee score was improved from 73.5 preoperatively to 91.6 in last follow-up. Re-rupture of the ACL graft was found in one case and one case of wound infection in the tibial incision was found. The 6 cases showed the good synovialization of the ACL graft. Conclusion: The anterior stability was restored with ACL reconstruction using fresh frozen Achilles allografts and the good synovialization was found in the second-look arthroscopy