• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.421-427
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the embolized kidney and contralateral normal kidney using computed tomography (CT) and enhanced computed tomography. Experimental hydronephrosis was induced by ligation of unilateral ureter in Beagle dogs. Renal artery embolization was performed using selective catheterization in the hydronephrotic kidney of seven dogs and EKG, $SpO_2$, body temperature, pulse, and repiratory rate were within normal ranges during procedures. Iohexol-ethanol solution was used as embolic material. There were no dogs expired after TAE-Ra and no side effects associated with regurgitation of iohexol-ehtanol solution. Revascularization of renal artery was not found in angiography in dogs treated by TAE-RA at immediately after TAE-RA and 14 days after TAE-RA. CT showed dilation of urinary collection system and ventral displacement of spleen at 14 days after TAE-RA in one dog not treated by TAE-RA and experimental group treated by TAE-Ra. CT two month after TAE-RA showed the shrunken embolized kidney in experimental group. Transverse CT with contrast enhancement demonstrated the increase of signal intensity at thinned renal cortex in control group not treated by TAE-Ra at 30 days and 60 days, however, there was no increase of signal intensity at shrunken embolized kidney at 60 days after TAE-RA. CT was useful modality for evaluation of the morphology and the size of embolized kidney and contralateral normal kidney. Enhanced CT was availabel for the detection of revascularization of renal artery after TAE-RA in dogs with hydronephrosis. It is conclued that CT is useful modality for the monitoring of the revascularization of the renal artery after TAE-RA.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.437-445
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• 2001

This study was performed to validate the procedure of transarterial embolization of the renal artery (TAE-RA) using iohexol-ethanol solution in dogs with unilateral experimental hydronephrosis and to evaluate the embolized kidney using B-mode ultrasonography and selective angiography. Experimental hydronephrosis was induced by ligation of unilateral ureter in 12 dogs. Ultrasonographic findings revealed that size of the kidney was significantly increased at 9 days and 17 days and the length of renal cortex was significantly decreased at 17 days after ligation of the unilateral ureter and it was in accordance with dilation of ipsilateral renal pelvis. No significant change of BUN, creatinine, ALT, calcium, and phosphorus was found immediately after unilateral experimental hydronephrosis. Therefore, it was concluded that unilateral hydronephrosis was established in 12 dogs at 17 days after ligation of ureter. Renal artery embolization was performed using selective catheterization in the hydronephrotic kidney of seven dogs and EKG, $SpO_2$, body temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate were within normal ranges during procedures. Iohexol-ethanol solution was used as embolic material. Average ethanol dose for renal artery embolization was $1.94{\pm}1.24ml/kg$. There were no dogs expired after TAE-RA and no side effects associated with regurgitation of iohexol-ethanol solution. Revascularization of renal artery was not found in angiography in dogs treated by TAE-RA at immediately after TAE-RA and 14 days after TAE-RA. Ultrasonographically, the mean longitudinal length of the embolized kidney decreased significantly at 2 and 3 months after TAE-RA compared to that of contralateral normal kidney. In summary, marked shrinkage of the embolized kidney was observed in dogs with unilateral experimental hydronephrosis treated by TAE-RA with iohexol-ethanol and no adverse effects were observed throughout the observation period. It is concluded that TAE-RA with iohexol-ethanol solution is a viable alternative to nephrectomy in dogs with unilateral hydronephrosis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.413-419
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the renal hemodynamics using color Doppler ultrasonography in dogs with unilateral experimental hydronephrosis treated with transarterial embolization of the renal artery (TAE-RA). Experimental hydronephrosis was induced by ligation of unilateral ureter in 12 dogs. The mean resistive index (RI) value of kidney was significantly increased at 4, 9, 17 days after ligation of ureter. Unilateral hydronephrosis was established in 12 dogs at 17 days after ligation of ureter. Renal artery embolization was performed using selective catheterization in the hydronephrotic kidney of seven dogs and EKG, $SpO_2$body temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate were within normal ranges during procedures. There were no dogs expired after TAE-RA and no side effects associated with regurgitation of iohexol-ethanol solution. In color Doppler ultrasonographic findings, there was no blood flow into the embolized kidneys treated by TAE-RA, however, blood flow signal was found in contralateral normal kidney of dogs treated with TAE-RA compared to that of normal kidney in normal control group. It is concluded that TAE-RA does not affect the hemodynamics of contralateral normal kidney in dogs with experimental hydronephrosis and color Doppler ultrasonography is simple and non-invasive modality for the monitoring of the revascularization of the renal artery after TAE-RA.