• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.165-186
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare adults' with intellectual disabilities voice pitch between who have choir experiences and those who do not. Participants were a total of 21 male adults with intellectual disabilities (12 choir group members and 9 non-choir group). Praat test was conducted to compare the characteristics of pitch, produced by the participants while they were singing in their comfortable pitch range. The results showed that the range of melodic contour in the choir group was broader and higher than those of the non choir group. Participants in the choir group produced a lower pitch in the beginning note, and they produced a higher pitch compared to the non-choir group on the highest and lowest note of the song. An analysis on the pitch of the individual note that the participants produced revealed a gap between the expected pitch notes and the actual notes produced while singing. In all syllables of the song, participants in the choir group showed higher accuracy of the pitch production, and significantly more accurate on the perfect fifth and eighth intervals. Regarding to the relative pitch, participants in the choir group produced significantly more accurate notes on perfect fifth, perfect fourth, and perfect eighth intervals. Findings of the study suggest that constant singing experience enable them to have pitch training. It also implies for further studies regarding to singing abilities of adults with intellectual disabilities.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2012

The pre-evaluation of the current-collection performance is an important issue for high-speed railway vehicles. In this paper, using flexible multibody dynamic analysis techniques, a simulation model of the dynamic interaction between the catenary and pantograph is developed. In the analysis model, the pantograph is modeled as a rigid body, and the catenary wire is developed using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation, which can analyze large deformable parts effectively. Moreover, for the representation of the dynamic interaction between these parts, their relative motions are constrained by a sliding joint. Using this analysis model, the contact force and loss of contact can be calculated for a given vehicle speed. The results are evaluated by EN 50318, which is the international standard with regard to analysis model validation. This analysis model may contribute to the evaluation of high-speed railway vehicles that are under development.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.361-368
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• 2000

Port Simulation 문제는 항만의 운영실태를 분석하는데 있어서 크게 두 가지 측면에서 연구되어 왔다. 하나는 항만의 운영효율을 분석하기 위한 연구이고, 다른 하나는 항만과 인근 도시간의 물류시스템과 관련된 연구로 분류할 수 있다. 인천항은 ‘96년도 체선율이 32.3%로 국내 다른 항만과 비교해 보면 가장 심각한 체선실태를 보이고 있으며 이에 따른 물류비용을 포함한 추가비용의 손실이 크다. 따라서 기존의 연구에서 인천항의 체선현황을 분석하고 개선방안을 제시하는 Simulation Model이 연구되었고, 이를 이용한 의사결정지원시스템을 개발해서 활용방안을 모색중이다. 그러나, 이들 연구에서는 아직 실제 운영하고 있는 연속관리부분에 대해서는 고려하지 않았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존의 연구를 검토하고 특히 선박의 대기시간을 줄이고 선석의 활용도를 높일 수 있는 연속관리 부분을 집중 연구 이를 시스템에 반영하였다. 향후 연속적인 선석접안을 적용하여 얻은 결과를 기존의 Port Simulation 이나 선석운영 의사결정 지원시스템 개발에 활용하려 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.10B
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• pp.936-944
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• 2006

In order to enhance their own customer satisfaction index that is one of the top level managerial performance indices, Internet communication service providers endeavor onto establishing a total quality management system. Specifically, it is under discussion that some critical Internet communication network quality characteristics closely related to customer satisfaction index should be controlled aiming to this managerial goal. This paper presents an application scheme of I-MR control charts for monitoring Internet communication network quality characteristics. This statistical quality control scheme generates a signal to practitioners when it detects the network quality characteristics out-of control. It is designed based on; 1) individual measurements; and 2) moving ranges between two consecutive individual measurements collected with a constant time interval. Empirical analyses are illustrated to estimate the expected quality improvement ratios that can be realized with the application scheme proposed in this paper. Assuming that the assignable causes can be revealed and eradicated, regarding two Internet communication services A, B, seven network quality characteristics for each service, eleven distinct measuring spots for each network quality characteristic, the expected quality improvement ratios are calculated with which the effect of the application scheme is evaluated. Results show the ranges of the expected quality improvement ratios; 1) Service A, (1) mean (0.31%-11.44%), (2) standard deviation (9.82%-71.10%): 2) Service B, (1) mean (0.29%-17.64%), (2) standard deviation (8.05%-60.59%). Hence, It is anticipated that the I-MR control charts based application scheme can be effective not only to improving the mean and dispersion of the network quality characteristics concerned but also to maintaining the network quality characteristics in-control consequently.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2015

In this paper we propose a serious game for experience of music performance, which allows users to readily enjoy musical playing, even if the player has little or no experience in playing musical instruments. This game makes it easier for users to correctly perform given melodies along with standard performance, using a score-adjusting algorithm that can cope with the particular errors commonly made by beginners. This music performance is achieved by the agent to interpret the gestural sign of the user. We understands the interaction of the user and the agent as a communication model from the Peircean Semiotic perspectives.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.659-671
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• 2013

Through Korean traditional opera (changgeuk) Medea, composer Hwang Ho-jun showed eclectic music idiom by 1) writing music (jakchang) on manuscript paper and score, 2) introducing the "song-through" format, 3) including various solo melodies, 4) maximizing the effect created by a singing narrator (dochang) with the chorus master and a mixed chorus, 5) seeking an interplay of tension and release by using both discord and chord, 6) achieving the effect of kil-bakkum, the Korean traditional method of modulation, through modulation and borrowed chord of Western music. In Medea, instrumentalists adopted suseong-banju (Korean traditional accompaniment) which does not spoil the voice of singers. Hwang adopted song for the way how singers express various hidden sides of play among song, aniri (narration) and balim (gesture) and introduced the Sung-through format in which the play is comprised entirely of song. In Medea, oral sounds expressing wail, lament, cheer, sneer and scream are often used and various solo melodies appear that fit for personalities of characters, clearly showing what bunchang (singers' singing songs divided according to characters) is all about. And discord and chord are effectively used according to the development and mood of play. Hwang also achieved successfully the effect of kil-bakkum by abandoning the traditional modulation method and boldly introducing modulation and borrowed chord of Western music.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.33
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• pp.9-31
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• 2016

Shin Gwang-su (申光洙, 1712~1775), also known as Seokbuk (石北), is a well-known poet and author of the song poetry (詩唱) "Gwanseo-akbu (Poems of the Gwanseo Region, 關西樂府)" in the late Joseon Dynasty. "Gwanseo-akbu" was popular among the Joseon Dynasty musicians. This fact confirms that the tradition of adding a melody to Shin Gwang-su's "hansi (Korean poetry recorded in Chinese characters, 漢詩)" already existed in the Joseon Dynasty. It is also a proof that the hansi poem was used in songs. Besides Seokbuk, other literary figures in the Joseon Dynasty wrote and sang hansi. In that case, the place of communication for songs was a poet's personal study, or "sarangbang." But when, like the works by Seokbuk, poems were sung by musicians, they became available to the public to communicate through music. This study is one of the attempts to re-make Seokbuk Shin Gwang-su's poems and songs, once popular among the Joseon Dynasty people, into the contemporary music that can be performed on stage. By adding a certain melody to his poems, this study introduces a case of musical work and offers an opportunity to consider hansi as performance art. There is a number of hansi works by Shin Gwang-su, and each poem includes material which can help survey Shin Gwang-su's musical life. And, working on his hansi works makes it possible to narrate major events that took place in Shin's life. Thus, this study attempts to focus Shin Gwang-su's musical life and introduces methods and contents to stage his hansi poems as performance art.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.425-437
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• 1997

본 논문은 디지털 도서관에서 임의의 음악정보를 효율적으로 검색하기 위한 시스템을 제안한다. 종래의 전형적인 음악정보 검색 항목인 제목이나 작곡자 또는 주제를 입력하는 것이 아니라, 사용자가 음악 데이터베이스로부터 검색하고자 하는 음악의 일부를 마이크를 통해서 노래한다. 그러면 입력된 선율에 대한 음 신호를 처리하여 음표정보를 인식하고, 이를 바탕으로 음정곡선을 생성하여 이를 탐색 패턴으로 사용한다. 동요를 대상으로 하여 음악 데이터베이스를 생성할 때는 각각의 곡에서 추출한 음정곡선을 이용하여 색인과 메타 데이터를 생성하는데, 색인은 유사 탐색을 용이하게 하기 위해서 Trie 구조를 사용한다. 탐색패턴을 이용해서 메타 데이터를 탐색할 때는 동적 프로그래밍 방법을 이용하여 유사 탐색을 함으로써 노래의 어느 마리를 부르더라도 쉽게 후보곡을 검색할 수 있도록 한다. 통상음악의 첫째 동기를 부르는 경우가 많기 때문에 첫째 악절로 구성한 색인을 먼저 탐색토록하고, 색인에서 탐색을 실패한 경우(음악의 첫째 동기 이후를 부른 경우)에 메타 데이터를 이용한 유사 음표열 탐색을 하도록 하여 효율적인 검색이 되도록 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.338-340
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• 2014

"정박지"라 함은 기본적인 수역시설의 하나로 선박이 정박할 수 있는 장소로 선박들은 이곳에 투묘함으로써 법적, 물리적 보호를 받게 된다. 정박지는 해당 항만에 입 출항 대기 또는 작업대기 등의 목적을 위해 해당항만에서 지정 고시하여 운영하고 있다. 하지만, 마산항의 정박지의 경우 비상정박지를 제외하고는 흘수 6m이상의 선박이 투묘 대기할 수 있는 정박지가 부재하다. 이런 사정으로 현재 마산항 입항대기 선박 및 작업대기 선박들의 경우 지정된 정박지가 아닌 잠정 정박지와 관습적 정박지에 투묘대기하고 있는 실정이다. 이로 인해 선박 및 관제사 모두 법적, 물리적 보호를 받지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 조사는 마산항의 현황파악을 통해 항만 운영, 관제운영 및 이용자 측면에서 마산항의 정박지 추가 필요성에 대한 내용을 검토하여 "마산항의 정박지 지정에 관한 연구"의 기초자료로 이용하고자 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3463-3473
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• 1996

The characteristics of wave propagation along a catenary depend on various impedance conditions; i.e., spatial impedance of catenary, impedance of boundaries. In this study, wave propagation along a simple catenary system is studied with arbitrary impedance conditions such as impedance of pantograph, boundary, catenary etc. Seven coupled equations which determine the characteristics of wave propagation along catenary system have been derived and numerically solved. Results demonstrate the role of each impedance condition in the dynamics of catenary system, i.e. the way in which the conditions affect waves on catenary as well as contact force of pantograph. The formulation and suggested solution method can be certainly used for desinging an optimal catenary system for a given pantograph.