• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.50-53
• /
• 2001

Severe crown gall disease was occurred in green house cultivating rose in Jinchen, Chungbuk recently. Although it causes problem on rose cultivation, the growers do not have many choices of control measures for the disease now. Agrobacterium radiobacter K84 has been known as a strong antagonist against A. tumefaciens, a pathogen causing crown gall disease, and used as a biopesticide for crown gall in many countries since it had been introduced in 1972. We tested control activity of A. radiobacter K84 for the crown gall disease on rose. Spray of A. radiobacter K84 suspension on above ground of rose either before or after pathogen spray reduced size and fresh weight of galls significantly. Size and fresh weight of galls on roses inoculated with pathogen either before A. radiobacter K84 spray (pathogen-K84 treatment) or after A. radiobacter K84 spray(K84-pathogen treatment) were 4 to 5% of those of galls on roses inoculated pathogen only. Disease incidence of plants inoculated pathogen only was 85% whereas disease incidence of pathogen-K84 or K84-pathogen treatments were 6.7% and 5.0% respectively. Dipping of roots of rose in suspension of A. radiobacter K84 was also reduced size of galls and diseased rate significantly. These results indicate that A. radiobacter K84 is effective in the prevention of gall formation by A. tumefaciens and it can be used to control of crown gall disease of rose.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
• /
• v.8 no.1_2
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 2003

This study has been conducted to assess and analyze the damage of Codonopsis lanceolata by differential inoculation levels of Meloidogyne hapla in pot and plot. As the density of M. hapla increased, early growth of C. lanceolata was inhibited 60% in vine and 54% in root. However, growth of C. lanceolata was not remarkably different by density of M. hapla in the plot test. This result may be attribute to low density of M. hapla in the plot.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 2013

Root tear of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus can occur from trauma or chronic degeneration, leading to meniscus extrusion, articular cartilage loss, osteophyte formation, and medial joint space narrowing. It is common on middle age with or without minor trauma. We experienced a case of medial meniscus posterior horn root tear in 13 years old boy during baseball game. We performed 1 direct suture anchor repair for medial meniscus posterior horn root tear in adolescent and report clinical result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.465-467
• /
• 2007

애기장대에 납을 농도별로 처리하였을 때 식물의 생장과 종자 발아에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 환경부고시 오염물질 배출기준치를 기준 농도로 하고 이보다 10배 및 50배 높은 농도의 납을 각각 처리한 애기장대의 줄기생장을 조사한 결과 오염물질 배출기준 농도와 이보다 10배 높은 농도에서는 줄기 생장이 정상식물보다 약 18%정도 감소되었다. 또한 오염물질 배출기준 농도보다 50배 높은 농도를 처리한 식물에서는 정상식물보다 약 41% 줄기생장이 감소하였다. 3가지 농도의 납을 애기장대에 처리한 후 식물의 뿌리 생장을 조사한 결과 오염물질 배출기준농도를 처리한 식물의 뿌리 생장은 정상식물과 거의 유사하였으나 오염물질 배출기준농도의 10배 이상이 되면 뿌리 생장이 전혀 되지 않았다. 3가지 농도의 납을 처리한 배지에서 애기장대의 종자 발아율을 측정한 결과 오염물질 배출기준 농도와 이보다 10배 높은 농도를 처리한 배지에서는 종자 발아율이 100%로 나타나 정상배지에서의 발아율과 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 오염물질 배출기준 농도보다 50배 높은 농도를 처리한 배지에서는 발아율이 0%로 나타나 종자 발아가 전혀 되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 토양 속에 침적된 납은 애기장대의 생장과 종자 발아에 영향을 미치어 줄기 및 뿌리의 생장을 감소시켰으며, 또한 종자 발아에도 매우 치명적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.813-826
• /
• 1996

The toxic effects of aluminium (Al) on growth, chlorophyll content, $\delta-aminolevulinic$ acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity and anatomy of root and shoot were investigated in 7-day-old azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seedlings. Significant depressions in root elongation was observed in the low concentrations of Al (50, 100 $\muM)$ and increasing Al concentrations caused a sharp decline of root and shoot growth. The degree of inhibition was dependent upon Al supply. Exposure to 50 $\muM$ Al or more inhibited root elongation within 1 day. In the 50 $\muM$ Al treatments, a recovery of root growth was seen after 7 days exposure. In contrast, lateral root initials was little affected by Al exposure. Al toxicity symptoms and growth responses were more well developed in the roots than in the shoots. Analysis of Al localization in root cells by hematoxylin stAlning showed that Al entered root apices and accumulated in the epidermal and cortical cells immeadiately below the epidermis. There was a good positive correlation between the level of chlorophyll and ALAD activity. Increasing Al concentrations caused a decrease in total chlorophyll contents, accompanied by proportional changes in ALAD activity, suggesting a cootr-dinated reduction of a photosynthetic machinery. Al exerted specific influence on the morphology of root ann shoot. At higher concentrations of Al the roots induced drastic anatomical changes. The epidermal cells were disorganized or destructed while the cortical cells exhibited distortion of cell shape and/or disintegration. The diameter of root and transectional area of cortical cells decreased considerably with Al treatment. In the shoot Al also enhanced reduction of diameter of shoot and cell size. Gross anatomy of leaves treated with Al did not differ significantly from the controls, except for fewer and smaller chloroplast. Our results indicate that toxic effect of Al appear to be manifested primarily in roots and secondarily on shoots, and changes in root morphology are related to changes in the root growth patterns. Results are further discussed in re181ion to the findings in other plant species, and it is concluded that Al causes morphological, structural and, presumably, functional damage to the roots of the species investigated.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.23-37
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of root growth in Kentucky bluegrass sod(KBS) and creeping bentgrass sod(BGS) transplanted in summer(August 9) and fall(September 19), respectively. Hydroponic system was also used to observe rooting development in the study. Root development differed in KBS by transplanting time. It reached to more than 5 cm after 100 days In summer and 50 days in fall. However, BGS's root grew over 6cm after 40 days, regardless of the season. There was no significant differences in BGS, regardless of any cutting treatment. In the case of KBS, it was best with sod culled with 0.5cm deep and 1.5cm long. But it grew beyond 5 cm in root growth under any treatment after 40 days in transplanting. In a hydroponic study, BGS produced root over 100cm for 80 days through a summer season. However, the root of KBS did only grow in condition below $20^{\circ}C$. These results indicated that root growth characteristics were variable in BGS and KBS. It was considered that rooting development of BGS might be improved with sufficient irrigation in summer, and KBS grows well in lower temperature of $10{\sim}18^{\circ}C$, as compared with BGS. As to establishing the lawn with a sodding method, it should be careful in transplanting time, especially KBS.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.402-407
• /
• 2008

Total phenol content was obtained from the stem extract of 7.8 (g/100g, D.W.) and root extract of 10.5 (g/100g, D.W.) on Rosa rugosa. S-4 and R-2 compounds were isolated from the stem and root of R. rugosa. The structure of S-4 and R-2 compounds was assigned as catechin by $^{1}H,\;^{13}C$ CNMR signal and TOF-MS. The tannin content of stem extract was 752.5 (mg/100g, D.W.) as 6.3 of gallic acid, 61.5 of epicatechin and 684.8 of catechin. The tannin content of root extract was higher about 2 times (1676.0) as 6.8 of gallic acid, 160.3 of epicatechin and 1508.5 of catechin than that of stem. It was shown that catechin was main compound in the stem and root extracts of R. rugosa. Antioxidant activities were stronger low concentration, and were not different of stem and root extracts. As the results, stem and root of R. rugosa were evaluated, as natural antioxidant resource.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2019

From 2016 to 2018, approximately 15% of kohlrabi were observed displaying significant clubroot symptoms in farmer's fields in Jeju, Korea. The initial infection appeared as hypertrophy of root hairs, and as the disease progressed, galls formation occurred on the main roots, finally disease progress resulted in yellowing and wilting of leaves. Pathogenicity was proven by artificial inoculation of plants with resting spore suspension, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The resting spore is one-celled, spherical and subspherical, colorless, and $3-5{\mu}m$ in diameter. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer rDNA, the causal agent was identified as Plasmodiophora brassicae. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of P. brassicae on kohlrabi in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.160-164
• /
• 2021

This study investigated various physiological activities to examine the applicability of the functional materials of Allium tuberosum root extract. The A. tuberosum root extract showed a low cytotoxicity against murine melanoma B16F10 cells. It also showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity (ID50, 6.2 ㎍/mL), inhibited tyrosinase activity (ID50, 115.4 ㎍/mL), and decreased melanin content (ID50, 31.5 ㎍/mL). Treatment of B16F10 cells with A. tuberosum root extract suppressed the protein expression of tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that A. tuberosum root extract inhibits melanin synthesis by suppressing intracellular tyrosinase expression. Additionally, A. tuberosum root extract inhibited elastase with an ID50 value of 145.1 ㎍/mL and contained isoquercitrin. These results indicate that A. tuberosum root extract is an appropriate natural material.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 2002

Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae(Fitch), is a destructive grape insect pest because it forms root galls and kills the plant by directly destroying root system. The effects of insecticide treatments were examined to establish the chemical control system of phylloxera, and the damage by this insect was investigated in grapevine yards. The treatments of 40kg carbofuran 3GR per ha and carbosulfan 20WP of 10$\ell$ (1,000$\times$) per tree successfully reduced phylloxera densities. After the insecticide treatments in early season, the phylloxera population rebuilt up again at harvest season. In a grapevine yard where two times of carbofuran treatment (mid-May and post-harvest treatment) were applied a year from 1998 to 2000, total yield per ha in 2000 showed an increase of 30% over that of 1998. But the yield in 2000 was low 20% compared to the average standard yield of Korean grapevine yards. In a grapevine yard without chemical treatment during the same years, total yield per ha in 2000 showed 53% reduction compared to that of 1998. Also, damaged vines by phylloxera abruptly increased from 3% in 1998 to 50% in 2000.