• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.603-605
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• 2022

추천시스템은 개개인의 성향에 따른 맞춤화 추천이 가능하기 때문에 음악, 영상, 뉴스 등 많은 분야에서 관심을 받고 있다. 일반적인 추천시스템 모델은 블랙박스 모델이기 때문에 추천 결과에 따른 원인 도출을 할 수 없다. 하지만 XAI 의 모델은 이러한 블랙박스 모델의 단점을 해결하고자 제안되었다. 그 중 KGAT 는 Attention Score 를 기반으로 추천 결과에 따른 원인을 알 수 있다. 이와 같은 AI, XAI 등의 딥 러닝 모델에서 각각의 활성화 함수는 상황에 따라 상이한 성능을 나타낸다. 이러한 이유로 인해 데이터에 맞는 활성화 함수를 적용해보는 다양한 시도가 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문은 XAI 추천시스템 모델인 KGAT 의 성능 개선을 위해 여러 활성화 함수를 적용해보고, 실험을 통해 수정한 모델의 성능이 개선됨을 보인다.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 2002

These days, school education is making every possible effort to bring up a human able to opposed creatively to 21 century social, because of society is global and informational step by step. For this, the special activity in the seventh curriculum is expended and reorganized from three areas to five areas. On the other hand, the special activity is pushed ahead with the developmental activity in consideration of student's ability and aptitude. However, the teachers are difficult to organize of the developmental activity in based on student's ability and aptitude. Because of developmental activity is organized in the beginning of a term, not only the teachers are fallen to realize student's ability and aptitude but also students ignore ability and aptitude themselves. Therefore this paper designs a program based on MI(Multiple Intelligence) theory to compose developmental activity effectively. Up to now, MI is introduced nine kinds of intelligence, Linguistic Intelligence, Logical-Mathematical Intelligence, Musical Intelligence, Spatial Intelligence, Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence, Interpersonal Intelligence, Intrapersonal Intelligence, Naturalist Intelligence, and Existentialist intelligence. this paper designs the K-MIDAS test[1] based on seven kinds of intelligence areas and implements developmental activity program suit to student's ability and aptitude based on the MI test result.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.697-706
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• 2023

This study examines the history of string quartet performances and analyzes contemporary integrated performances to propose a new performance paradigm for future audiences. It examines past developments and audience interactions, and how modern classical performance can gain a competitive edge internationally through tech integration. Building on this foundation, a future vision is proposed for Korean string quartet performances, drawing from novel performances that are interconnected with their historical context. The study concludes that modern string quartets necessitate innovative and original performance directions that can be achieved through various technological integrations.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.41-46
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• 2022

Smart home in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment aims to provide an optimal living environment for users by connecting all devices in the home. In such a smart home environment, artificial intelligence speakers are being used as a way to manage and control all devices. The existing speaker function is changing from simple music playback to the role of an interface that controls and manages all devices in the smart home space. This study dealt with the market status and usability analysis in the US and Korea, the leader in artificial intelligence speakers. The main target companies were Amazon, Google, and Apple in the US, as well as Kakao, SKT, and KT in Korea. In addition, based on the reaction results of domestic users to artificial intelligence speakers, the derivation of major problems and directions for improvement were described.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.21-35
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• 2018

Since the introduction of MP3 players, CD recordings have gradually been vanishing, and the music consuming environment of music users is shifting to mobile devices. The introduction of smart devices has increased the utilization of music through music playback, mass storage, and search functions that are integrated into smartphones and tablets. At the time of initial MP3 player supply, the bitrate of the compressed music contents generally was 128 Kbps. However, as increasing of the demand for high quality music, sound quality of 384 Kbps appeared. Recently, music content of FLAC (Free License Audio Codec) format using lossless compression method is becoming popular. The download service of many music sites in Korea has classified by unlimited download with technical protection and limited download without technical protection. Digital Rights Management (DRM) technology is used as a technical protection measure for unlimited download, but it can only be used with authenticated devices that have DRM installed. Even if music purchased by the user, it cannot be used by other devices. On the contrary, in the case of music that is limited in quantity but not technically protected, there is no way to enforce anyone who distributes it, and in the case of high quality music such as FLAC, the loss is greater. In this paper, the author proposes an audio watermarking technology for copyright protection of high quality stereo music. Two kinds of information, "Copyright" and "Copy_free", are generated by using the turbo code. The two watermarks are composed of 9 bytes (72 bits). If turbo code is applied for error correction, the amount of information to be inserted as 222 bits increases. The 222-bit watermark was expanded to 1024 bits to be robust against additional errors and finally used as a watermark to insert into stereo music. Turbo code is a way to recover raw data if the damaged amount is less than 15% even if part of the code is damaged due to attack of watermarked content. It can be extended to 1024 bits or it can find 222 bits from some damaged contents by increasing the probability, the watermark itself has made it more resistant to attack. The proposed algorithm uses quantization in DCT so that watermark can be detected efficiently and SNR can be improved when stereo music is converted into mono. As a result, on average SNR exceeded 40dB, resulting in sound quality improvements of over 10dB over traditional quantization methods. This is a very significant result because it means relatively 10 times improvement in sound quality. In addition, the sample length required for extracting the watermark can be extracted sufficiently if the length is shorter than 1 second, and the watermark can be completely extracted from music samples of less than one second in all of the MP3 compression having a bit rate of 128 Kbps. The conventional quantization method can extract the watermark with a length of only 1/10 compared to the case where the sampling of the 10-second length largely fails to extract the watermark. In this study, since the length of the watermark embedded into music is 72 bits, it provides sufficient capacity to embed necessary information for music. It is enough bits to identify the music distributed all over the world. 272 can identify $4*10^{21}$, so it can be used as an identifier and it can be used for copyright protection of high quality music service. The proposed algorithm can be used not only for high quality audio but also for development of watermarking algorithm in multimedia such as UHD (Ultra High Definition) TV and high-resolution image. In addition, with the development of digital devices, users are demanding high quality music in the music industry, and artificial intelligence assistant is coming along with high quality music and streaming service. The results of this study can be used to protect the rights of copyright holders in these industries.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 2006

Lately teaching-learning system on the web site offers broad educational environment without any restriction of time and place to the teachers and learners. Using a web site in music education turned out to be effective. It provokes learner's interest and guides self-directed learning. Therefore, on this research, the web site for self-directed learning in music subject was designed and embodied as an assistant material of learning which is suitable for learner's level and demand As a result of using the web site in music class, there are some responses of students. First, there were 27 students positive responses$(79.4\%)$ of 34 students in the learning effect of the web site, and 25 students$(73.5\%)$ of 34 showed their will to use the web site continually if it is modified and supplemented. Second, some students answered that using this program in Diagnosis Evaluation and Formative Test could have an instant result, which was used for the material of feedback. Third, there was a positive evaluation of helping self-directed learning.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.379-384
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• 2021

With people's continuous research and exploration in the field of artificial intelligence, more relatively mature artificial intelligence technology is applied in people's daily life. Mirrors are the most commonly used daily necessities in life, and it should be applied to artificial intelligence. The research results of this paper show that the smart mirror designed based on the raspberry pi displays weather, temperature, greetings, and has a human-mirror interaction function. The research method of this paper uses the Raspberry pi 3B + as the core controller and Google Assistant as the intelligent control. When connected to the network via Raspberry Pi's own WiFi, the mirror can automatically display and update time, weather and news information features. You can wake up the Google Assistant using keywords, then control the mirror to play music, remind the time, It implements the function of smart mirror voice interaction. Also, all the hardware used in this study is modular assembly. Later, it is convenient for user to assemble by himself later. It is suitable for market promotion at an affordable price.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) devices are rapidly emerging as a core platform of next-generation information and communication technology (ICT), this study investigated consumer usage behavior and user experience through AI devices that are widely applied to consumers' daily lives. To this end, data was collected from 600 consumers with experience in using AI devices were derived to recognize the attributes and behavior of AI devices. The analysis results are as follows. First, music listening was the most used among various attributes and it was found that simple functions such as providing weather information were usefully recognized. Second, the main devices used by AI device users were identified as AI speakers, smartphone, PC and laptops. Third, associative images of AI devices appeared in the order of fun, useful, novel, smart, innovative, and friendly. Therefore, practical implications are suggested to contribute to provision of user services using AI devices in the future by analyzing usage behaviors that reflect the characteristics of AI devices.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2005

Adaptive services need to become as mobile as their users and be extended to take advantage of the constantly changing context in which they are accessed. Context-awareness is a technology to facilitate information acquisition and execution by supporting interoperability between users and devices based on users' context. The objective of this study is to develop a middleware fer dealing with context-awareness in ubiquitous computing. To achieve it, our middleware plays an important role in recognizing a moving node with mobility by using a bluetooth wireless communication technology as well as in executing an appropriate execution module according to the context acquired from a context server. In addition, for verifying the usefulness of the Proposed middleware, we develop an application system which Provides a music playing service based on context information by using our context middleware.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.07a
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• pp.569-572
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• 2023

최근 하루가 다르게 발전하고 있는 생성형 AI가 창작과 예술 분야에 어떤 영향을 미칠 수 있는지, 새롭게 등장하고 있는 다양한 분야에서 활용 가능한 획기적인 기능 등을 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 새로운 창작 방향을 제시할 수 있는 방법들을 살펴보려 한다. 최근, 작곡가와 소설가들은 물론, 디지털 아티스트들까지도 생성형 AI를 활용하여 독특한 음악, 글, 그리고 이미지를 창조하는데 성공했다는 사례들이 속속 드러나고 있고 영상, 게임, 웹툰 등 많은 산업현장에서 직접적인 활용방법에 대한 연구결과가 등장하고 실제 적용 사례도 늘어나고 있다. 이미지 생성기인 미드저니와 스테이블디퓨전 같은 도구들은 혁신적인 방법으로 빠르게 높은 퀄리티의 이미지를 생성하고 다양한 아이디어를 제공 받을 수 있는 도구로 창작과 예술 분야에서 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 이러한 발전은 창작과 예술 분야에서 생성형 AI의 무한한 가능성을 보여주는 한편, 인간의 창의성 침해와 예술가들의 노력 희석에 대한 비판적 시각을 불러일으키기도 한다. 본 연구는 이런 다양한 관점에서 창작·예술 분야의 생성형 AI 활용을 깊이 있게 탐구한다. 그 과정에서 여러 생성형 AI 도구들, 특히 이미지 생성기 미드저니와 스테이블디퓨전의 기능과 활용 방안, 그로 인한 사회적, 윤리적 측면을 분석하며, 창작·예술 분야에서의 생성형 AI 활용의 적절한 방향성과 미래 전망을 제시해 보고자 한다.