• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.34 no.9
• /
• pp.1470-1478
• /
• 2010

This study investigates the suitability of outdoor wear among female trekkers in their twenties or thirties and provides data for developing outdoor wear more suitable for young females. Recently climbing has gained popularity as a leisure activity to enjoy the beauty of nature that increases physical and mental stamina. A survey was conducted on 304 female consumers in their twenties and thirties who enjoyed climbing in order to investigate the suitability of outdoor wear among young female consumers. The questionnaire covered the subjects' demographic information, duration and goal of climbing, purchase and suitability of outdoor wear, and preferred design for outdoor wear. As for the yearly situations, when they utilized outdoor wear, the biggest number of respondents chose "autumn" as the season for climbing. Most of the respondents were non-professional trekkers who enjoyed climbing as a hobby or for health. As for the size, the upper garment was 90 and 85 in the order, and the lower garment was 70 and 67 in the order. The pants were the most common item they owned, followed by round T-shirts, windbreaker jackets, zipup T-shirts, and waterproof jackets. They mentioned moisture absorption and dry fabric breathability as the basic functions required of outdoor wear. The subjects displayed a preference for partial details under the design category. They most preferred the hood-type jacket with a detachable stand collar, the sleeve hem with a partial rubber band and velcro strap, a T-shirt with a stand color and zipper, the waist fit with proper room, pants with a partial rubber band waist, and straight silhouette pants.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.69-88
• /
• 2020

There has been an increasing attention to social diversity within communities. Previous studies suggest that social diversity is positively related to social trust and social capital that are intimately related to quality of life. Because of the controversy on social segregation that is an opposite concept of social diversity and is a factor negatively affecting quality of life, more studies on the association between social diversity and quality of life should be undertaken. This study employs a multilevel model to examine the association between social capital and quality of life. We analyzed the association using both the pooled sample and samples splitted based on social class. The empirical result shows that the occupational diversity positively affects quality of life while the income diversity negatively affects quality of life. These results provide useful policy implications for setting urban policy directions.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.352-358
• /
• 2017

The object of this study is to assess physicochemical and microbiological hazards involved during the processing of shellfish products such as oysters, clam, and mussels. Samples including raw materials, intermediates, and final products in the processing process were collected from seven simple-processed shellfish facilities. In the samples obtained from the facilities, viable cell count and coliform group were detected less than that of the Korean Government guidelines. In addition, the high-risk bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella sp., and Listeria monocytogenes were not identified in raw materials and final products. However, the low-risk pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, were detected in some final products. The level of heavy metal content in the final products tested in this study meets the recommendations by the Korean Government standard guidelines. No foreign materials in the final products were also observed. Considering these results, it was concluded that no significant food hazards exists in the processing process of simple-processed shellfish products. However, it is essential to improve the food safety control in the shellfish processing facilities since S. aureus, a personal sanitary indicative bacterium, was continuously detected over seven simple-processed shellfish facilities.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2018

We investigated the levels of microbial contaminants and microbial hazards during dried-laver processing. We analyzed 321 samples obtained from 18 dried-laver Pyropia spp. manufacturing facilities, including water, swab-, and processing samples as well as final products. The levels of microbial contaminants, including viable cell counts (VCC) and coliform bacteria, increased as processing progressed. The sanitary indicator bacterium, Escherichia coli, was not detected in the final products although VCC levels were high, generally exceeding 5 log CFU/g. We also investigated changes in microbial contaminants at each processing step. Both VCC and total coliform dramatically increased after 4 days of continuous processing, indicating that microbial contaminants originated, mainly, from cross contamination during processing.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop the FSR sensor suit that controls walking assist device for paraplegic patients. The FSR sensor suit was to detect user's intent and patterns for walking by measuring pressure on the palm and the sole of user's foot. It consisted of four modules: sensing pressure from palm, changing modes and detecting pressure on the palm/at the wrist, sensing pressure from the soles of user's foot, and host module that transmit FSR data obtained from sensing modules to PC. Sensing modules were connected to sensing pads which detect analog signals obtained from the palm or the sole of foot. These collect signals from the target regions, convert analog signals into digital signals, and transmit the final signals to host module via zigbee modules. Finally, host modules transmit the signals to host PC via zigbee modules. The study findings showed that forces measured at the palm when using a stick reflected user's intent to walk and forces at the sole of the user's foot revealed signals detecting walking state.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.363-369
• /
• 2007

To understand property of distribution restricted at northern slope of Corylopsis coreana, we investigated process of sedentary formation from seed germination to seedling and its micrometeorological factors in Cheongsogol, Suncheon in Korea. The germination tests were carried out in-situ and manipulated condition, respectively. Air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, soil water contents and PPFD were measured in southern and northern slopes for four seasons. The seeds did not shown difference in germination to azimuth slope. However, seedling in the northern slope should have taken advantage on the sedentary stage of seedlings because there was low temperature and high humidity during the spring. At the southern slope, the seedlings seemed to have a disadvantage on high temperature and low humidity in spring season. Accordingly, the formation of Corylopsis coreana population is influenced by microclimatic factors, especially in low temperature and high humidity at the sedentary stage of the germinated seedlings.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.123-135
• /
• 2001

Objective: This study was designed to assess antidepressant effects of Quibitang on an Animal Model of Depression induced by Chronic Mild Stress. Method: The consumption of 1% sucrose solution and active avoidance learning test were used to evaluate antidepressant effect of Quibitang. The consumption of 1% sucrose solution was measured every week for 8 weeks, and active avoidance learning test was executed after 4 weeks treatment of saline or Quibitang. Result: 1. The consumption of 1% sucrose solution was significantly reversed in test group (Quibitang-treated group) at 5th, 7th, 8th weeks, but there was no significant change in control group. 2. Chronic Mild Stress was found to suppress the increase of body weight at 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th weeks. Treatment of Quibitang did not enhanced the body weigt, but it enhanced the consumption of sucrose solution. 3. In order to measure the learning ability of rat which drived to be depressed, we executed active avoidance test. The result revealed that depressed rat showed impaired acquisition than control group, and the treatment of Quibitang restored the learning activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that Quibitang may have antidepressant effects on depression induced by chronic mild stress.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.68-73
• /
• 2015

Electron beam irradiation is also an eco-friendly treatment compared to other physical and chemical treatments. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the possibilities of energy savings by applying electron beam irradiation to the refining process. After softwood unbleached kraft pulp (UKP) was irradiated with electron beams at 50 and 100 kGy, it was beaten in a laboratory beater, and then its freeness and fiber properties were analyzed. The physical properties of their fiber handsheet were also and measured. As the irradiation dose of the electron beam and the beating time increased, lower freeness and fiber lengths of the UKP were observed. Handsheets made from UKP that was irradiated by electron beam and beaten showed a reciprocal relationship with the irradiation dose of the electron beam, in particular, the strength of the handsheets decreased dramatically at 100 kGy of irradiation. Therefore, it was confirmed that electron beam irradiation is effective in reducing the beating time or beating energy. But the irradiation dose must be controlled under 50 kGy to minimize the loss of paper strength.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2015

Wood powder is widely used in paperboard mills to increase bulk and reduce drying-energy consumption, but this material also deteriorates paper strength because it interferes with the bonds between fibers. Although there have been many studies done to improve the strength of paperboard containing wood powder, specific applications have not recently been observed in paperboard mills. In this study, we carried out a new approach for improving paperboard strength by developing a new organic filler with the ability to increase the bonds between fibers. The residue of tapioca starch was used as raw material to manufacture an organic filler. The functionalities, including bulk and strength, were evaluated by making handsheets containing either wood powder or tapioca organic filler, or a mixture of the two, and measuring their physical properties. The organic filler showed lower bulk improvement and higher paperboard strength than the wood powder. The mixture of tapioca organic filler and wood powder showed improved paperboard strength compared to wood powder alone. Therefore, tapioca residue can be used as a raw material to manufacture an organic filler for paperboard mills.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2015

As the production of palm oil has been increased, the generation of oil palm biomass is also increased and the utilization of the oil palm biomass become more significant topic. One third of the oil palm biomass is empty fruit bunch (EFB) and the other two thirds are oil palm trunks and fronds. However, the effective use of oil palm biomass has not been developed and most of it is discarded near oil palm plants. In this study, we investigated the applicability of EFB to the paperboard mills, as an organic filler. The new organic filler was manufactured in a laboratory by grinding and fractionating dried EFB powder, and its properties were analyzed. The particles of EFB organic filler were larger and more spherical than those of the commercial wood powder. The use of EFB organic filler resulted in a higher bulk of the handsheets with similar trends of physical strength, compared to those made with wood powder. It was concluded that EFB could be used as a raw material to manufacture organic filler for paperboard production.