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The present research was conducted to study genetic relationship and cultivar identification in sweet potato (lpomoea batatas) using RAPD method. Thirteen cultivars of sweet potato in Korea were classified by UPGMA clustering method into three groups as follows; group I was corresponded to 'Choongsung100'; group II, 'Eunmi', 'Saengmi', 'Suwon147' and 'Yulmi'; group III, 'Hongmi', 'Jinmi', 'Kwandong95', 'Seonmi', 'Wonmi', 'Shinyulmi', 'Jeungmi', and 'Poongmi'. Identification using RAPD was generally consistent with breeding pedigree of those parents. However, inconsistent results may be caused by clonal variation. The results presented in this study suggest that RAPDs in sweetpotato are likely to be useful for cultivar identification and various procedures in breeding. The use of various DNA marker system assists selection programs for economically important trait, and may facilitate selection in earlier growing stage. This systems may enhance the prospects for improving sweet potato cultivar by accurate marking desirable traits at DNA level.