• Title/Summary/Keyword: 유출부하량

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Estimation of Flows and Pollutant Loads from GIS Analysis using Cell-based Geospatial and Georgraphic Information Data (격자기반의 지형 및 지리정보자료와 GIS분석기법을 이용한 유역의 유출량 및 오염부하량 추정)

  • Cho, Jae-Myoung;Lee, Mi-Ran;Yun, Hong-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.381-392
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    • 2011
  • Pollutant loads calculated with unit factor method can not identity seasonal variations of pollutant inputs. Estimation of pollutant loads considering rainfall runoff can overcome these limits. SCS curve number method was applied to estimate runoff of each event of Koeup watershed of Koheung estuary lake. SCS curve numbers were calculated based upon land use, soil types of the catchment using GIS. Point and nonpoint source pollutant loads were summed up for total loads estimation. Those from nonpoint source were estimated by multiplying the calculated runoff and expected mean concentrations (EMC) presented by the Minister of Environment of Korea. DEM can present three dimensional views of a terrain, identity stream networks and flow accumulation. Furthermore, it can examine accumulated pollutant loads of specific point of a catchment. Therefore, cell based pollutant load estimation was attempted using DEM. ArcView was utilized to collect, store and manipulate spatial and attribute data of pollutant sources and features of the catchment. Cell-based DEM which was established by the GRID module of ARC/INFO was employed to estimate flows and pollutant loads.

A Study on the Analysis of Non-point Source Runoff Characteristics and Verification of Unit Pollutant Load Considering Baseflow Runoff (기저유출을 고려한 비점오염 유출특성 분석과 원단위 검증에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jaebeom;Kal, Byungseok;Lee, Chulgu;Hong, Seonhaw;Choi, Moojin
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.279-286
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    • 2017
  • In this study, the characteristics of non-point source pollution runoff and the possibility of using new unit load were investigated by using pollutant load based on monitoring data considering baseflow. For this purpose, the components of hydrograph were separated by using digital filter method and the numerical integration method was applied to calculate the non-point source pollutant load for nine rainfall events in Juwon river in the Geum River basin. As a result of this study, the mean contribution rate of non-point pollutant was 31.34% for BOD, 58.94% for T-N, and 50.42% for T-P and BOD was more influenced by baseflow pollutant. Also, it was analyzed the pollutant load using the new unit load is closer to the observation load than the old unit load. This result implies that it is necessary to manage not only pollutant load due to direct runoff but also pollutant load due to baseflow runoff for efficient water quality management of the watershed.

Estimation of MFFn for Paddy fields (논지역의 초기세척비율(MFFn) 산정)

  • Choi, Dong Ho;Yoon, Kwang Sik;Baek, Sang Soo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2015.05a
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    • pp.542-542
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    • 2015
  • 비점오염원은 기상조건과 토지이용에 따라 시간에 따른 오염부하량의 변동폭이 크게 발생하며, 강우초기에 오염물질의 농도가 크게 나타난다. MFFn은 강우지속시간에 따라 다양하게 변화하는 오염물질의 부하량과 유출량을 특정시점에서 강우유출율과 오염물질 유출율을 계산할 수 있으며, 강우가 시작될 때 0, 종료될 때 1의 값을 나타내며, 1보다 크면 초기세척이 있음을 나타낸다. 예를 들면 MFF20에서 평균값이 2.5이면 초기우수유출수의 부피 20%에 오염물질 부하량의 부피 50%를 포함하는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 논에서의 초기세척비율 정량화하기 위해 영산강수계 논지역(이하, 학야지구)과 섬진강수계 논지역(이하, 적성지구) 각 1개유역을 선정하여 2009년부터 2012년까지 수문 및 수질 모니터링을 수행하였다. 유역면적은 학야지구는 13.69 ha 이며, 적성지구는 8.06ha 이다. 두 지역 모두 외부유입이 없으며, 배수로가 구조물화 되어 있어 관측이 용이한 지점이다. 논에서 강우시유출되는 오염물질을 산정하기 위해서 배수로 말단에 압력식 수위계와 자동채수기를 설치하여 일정간격으로 관측하였으며, 수위별 유량관측을 통해 수위-유량관계곡선식을 산정 후 유량으로 환산하였다. 채취된 수질은 수질공정시험법을 통해 BOD, COD, TOC, T-N, T-P, SS를 분석하였으며, 관측된 유량과 수질자료를 이용하여 부하량을 산정하고, MFFn을 이용하여 초기세척비율을 정량화 하였다. BOD COD, TOC, T-N, T-P, SS 의 논 초기세척비율은 n 값이 10% 때 중앙값이 각각 1.3, 1.18, 1.13, 1.2, 1.13, 1.1 였으며, 13%, 11.8%, 11.3%, 12%, 11.3%, 11% 가 유출되는 것으로 나타났으며, n 값이 20%일 때 1.3, 1.1, 1.1, 1.25, 1.2, 1.2 이였으며, 26%, 22%, 22%, 25%, 24%. 24%가 유출되는 것으로 나타났다. n 값이 30%일 때 1.25, 1.0, 1.0, 1.25, 1.13, 1.3 였으며, 37.5%, 30%, 30%, 37.5%, 33.9%, 39%가 유출되는 것으로 나타났다.

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5대강의 수질관리를 위한 기초조사연구

  • 이홍근;이종남
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 1983.07a
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    • pp.33-44
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    • 1983
  • 주요하천인 낙동강, 금강, 영산강, 섬진강 및 만경강의 5대강 유역에 대한 본 조사 연구의 주요목적은 하천의 유역특성과 수질상태 하천의 자정능력평가와 DO 모형의 설정, 하천의 유량규모와 오염부하량별 수질변화의 추정 및 하천구간별 허용유출 오염부하량별 수질변화의 추정 및 하천구간별 허용유출 오염부하량이 제시등이다. 본 조사는 전국 주요하천 기초조사의 제2차년도에 대한 것이며, 조사연구기간은 1982년 7월 1일부터 동년 12월 20일까지로 이 기간 동안에 실시된 조사연구의 중요성과는 다음과 같다.

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Modeling of Discharge Characteristics of Combined Sewer Overflows(CSOs) from a Small Urban Watershed in Daejeon City (대전광역시 소유역에서 합류식 하수관거 월류수(CSOs)의 배출특성 모델링)

  • Kim, Jeong-Kon;Ko, Ick-Hwan
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.654-660
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    • 2006
  • This study investigated the discharge characteristics of combined sewer overflows(CSOs) at a small watershed located in the Ojeong-cheon area of the Daejeon-cheon, Daejeon City. The long-term variations of discharges, water quality, and SS loads from 2001 to 2004 were simulated using SWMM. The simulation results indicated that suspended solid(SS) loads during the rainy seasons(July${\sim}$August) were highest throughout the whole year, but not substantially higher than those during the dry seasons. This result is due to the fact that contaminants do not buildup significantly because of frequent rainfall events during the wet seasons. It was estimated that about 9.3% of SS was discharged to the receiving body the during dry seasons while 90.7% during the rainy seasons. Further analysis showed that during the wet seasons SS loads discharged at the site as CSOs and at the wastewater treatment plant without treatment were 38% and 62%, respectively.

Nn Evaluation of Climate Change Effects on Pollution Loads of the Hwangryong River Watershed in Korea (기후변화에 따른 황룡강 유역의 오염부하 유출량 변화 분석)

  • Park, Min Hye;Cho, Hong-Lae;Koo, Bhon Kyoung
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.185-196
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    • 2015
  • A conceptual watershed model HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran) was applied to the Hwangryong river watershed to evaluate climate change effects on pollution loads of the river. For modeling purposes, the Hwangryong river watershed was divided into 7 sub-watersheds. The model was calibrated and validated for the river discharges against the data observed in 2011 at several monitoring stations. The RCP scenarios were set up for the model simulations after being corrected by change factor method. The simulation results of the RCP 4.5 scenario indicate that the annual river discharge and concentrations of BOD, TN, TP of the Hwangryong river will continually increase during the second-half of the 21st century. As for the RCP 8.5 scenario, the simulations results imply that the pollution loads will increase during the middle of the 21st century reflecting the pattern of precipitation. Monthly distributions of the pollution loads for the RCP 4.5 and the RCP 8.5 scenarios show it will increase the most in September and February, respectively.

Analysis of Pollutant Loads of Rainfall Runoff From Agricultural-Forestry (강우시 농지-임야지역으로부터 발생하는 오염부하량 분석)

  • Yur, Joong Hyun;Kim, Geon Ha;Seo, Jung Moo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2004.05b
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    • pp.888-892
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    • 2004
  • 농지, 임야지역에서의 강우유출수 수질의 파악은 수자원 수질관리에 있어서 바탕수질(Background water quality)이기 때문에 물관리에 있어 매우 중요한다. 본 연구는 농지와 임야가 혼합된 도시외곽지역에서 강우시에 발생하는 강우유출수의 수질 및 오염부하량에 대하여 유역특성이 다른 두 지역에서 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 대상 유역은 임야와 농경지가 주를 이루는 지역으로 농지의 비율이 자자 $0.4\%$$35.9\%$인 유역이다. 측정은 건기에서부터 강우기 때까지 각 유역 당 10개의 강우 사상에 대하여 실시하였다. 측정 대상 항목으로는 pH, SS, TCOD, SCOD, BOD, TP, TN, $NH_3-N$, $NO_3-N$, $PO_4-P$, Total coliform, Escherchia Coli를 측정하였고, pollutograph, loadgraph을 작성하였다. 분석 결과 농지의 비율이 큰 유역에서 발생하는 오염부하량이 모든 수질 항목에서 높게 나타났으며, SS, 유기물, 미생물 항목에서 초기강우세척철상(first flush)을 보이고 있었다. 또한 측정 자료에 내한 동계분석결과 SS항목과 유기물 항목은 높은 상관관계를 나타내고 있었으며, 강우에 따른 오염부하량은 누승함수, 2차함수의 형태로 증가하였다.

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Impacts of Nitrate in Base Flow Discharge on Surface Water Quality (질산성 질소 기저유출이 지표수 수질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Geonha;Lee, Hosik
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.29 no.1B
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    • pp.105-109
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    • 2009
  • It is a well known fact that baseflow discharge of rainfall runoff impacts on water quality of surface water significantly. In this paper, impacts of nitrate discharged as base flow on stream water quality were studied by using a software, PULSE from USGS to calculate monthly ground water discharge from hydrograph. We used water quality and flow rate data for Ghapcehon2 site in Daejeon city for year 2005 as well as ground water quality data in the watershed acquired from government agencies. Agricultural and forestry land use are dominant for upstream of Ghapcheon2 in the watershed. Base flow contributes about 85~95% of stream flows during spring and fall while 25~38% of stream flow was induced by base flow during summer and winter. Monthly nitrate loading discharged as base flow for Ghapcheon2 was estimated by using averaged nitrate concentration of groundwater in the watershed. Nitrate loading induced by base flow at Ghapcheon2 was estimated as 5.4 ton of $NO_{3}{^-}-N/km^{2}$, which is about 60% of nitrate loading of surface water, 9.2 ton of $NO_{3}{^-}-N/km^{2}$. Seasonal variation of nitrate concentration of base flow was estimated by dividing monthly nitrate loading by monthly base flow discharge. Nitrate concentration of groundwater was increasing from rainy season. From this study, it can be understood that ground water quality monitoring is important for the proper manage of surface water quality.

Investigation of Pollution Sources for Gongjichun Watershed (공지천 수계 유역 오염원에 관한 연구)

  • Seo, Ji-Yeon;Shin, Min-Hwan;Choi, Yong-Hun;Kim, Ki-Cheol;Lim, Kyoung-Jae;Choi, Jung-Dae;Jun, Man-Sik
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2008.05a
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    • pp.2051-2055
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    • 2008
  • 하천의 수질오염에 영향을 주는 오염원은 점오염원과 비점오염원으로 구분된다. 비점오염원은 주로 농경지에서 강우에 따른 유출수에 의해 일어나는 반면 점오염은 생활하수, 산업폐수, 축산폐수 등에 의해 발생한다. 최근 수질오염의 특징은 과거의 대량 발생원인 점오염에 의한 수질오염에서 도시 강우 유출수나 농경지 등으로부터 발생하는 비점오염에 의한 수질오염으로 변화해 가는 경향이다. 그러나 비점오염은 점오염과 같이 일정한 출구를 통해 유출되지 않으므로 집중처리에 의한 조절 방법의 적용이 곤란하다. 본 연구에서는 공지천을 4개의 유역으로 나누어 환경부 수계오염총량관리기술지침을 이용하여 오염부하량 산정하고 원단위 오염부하를 산정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 유역내 각 계별 오염부하량의 비교와 파악이 가능하였다. 둘째, 수계오염총량관리기술지침을 기준으로 산정한 부하량은 축산계의 오염이 크게 나타났다. 공지천의 경우 도시화로 인한 오염물질의 증가에 비해 처리할 수 있는 시설이 미비한 실정으로 생태계 및 인간에게 악영향을 끼치는 것을 방지하기 위하여 공지천내 수질개선을 위한 대책마련이 시급하다. 본 연구결과를 이용하여 현재 공지천내 오염부하량을 파악하고 효율적인 수질개선을 위한 대안을 마련할수 있을 것이다.

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Monitoring Pollutants Occurred by Non Point Sources - Rainfall Runoff from Cultivated Lands for a Sweet Potato and a Cherry Tree - (비점오염원에서 발생하는 오염물질 모니터링 - 고구마·벚나무경작지의 강우유출수를 대상으로 -)

  • Choi, Byoungwoo;Kang, Meea
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2014
  • The management of non point sources was marked by the need for clean water environments. It was proposed the fundamentals to promote the reasonable land management in this study. We monitored rainfall events at two non point sources with different crop cultivations such as a sweet potato and a cherry tree for three years. Because the most important factor was rainfall, the rainfall runoff and pollutant loads were generated 100% in the case of rainfall ranges with 50 < rainfall (mm). However the frequency of rainfall runoff was interacted with the crop cultivation and soil characteristics in the case of rainfall ranges such as 30 < rainfall (mm) ${\leq}50^a$ and 10 < rainfall (mm) ${\leq}30^b$. The frequency of rainfall runoff was a : 60% and b : 5% in the cherry tree cultivation with growing significantly and pollutant loads were lower than that of the sweet potato cultivation. Meanwhile the frequency of rainfall runoff was a : 60% and b : 5% in the sweet potato cultivation.