• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.1 s.270
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• pp.32-36
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• 2007

Background: Although acute renal failure (ARF) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is relatively rare, but devastating complication with high mortality. Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early application of CRRT in patients with ARF which developed after on-pump CABG. Material and Method: Two hundred and eighty seven patients underwent isolated on-pump CABG between May 2002 and Feb. 2006 at our institution, of whom 15 (5.2%) needed CRRT (11 patients for postoperatively developed ARF and the remaining 4 patients with preexisting dialysis-dependent chronic renal failure (CRF) for postoperative hemodynamic and metabolic control). Criteria for early application of CRRT were as follows; decreased urine output less than 0.5cc/h/kg for 2 consecutive hours and elevated serum creatinine level greater than 2.0 mg/dL. Result: The incidence of ARF requiring CRRT after on-pump CABG was 3.9% (11/283) and the overall hospital mortality of patient with CRRT was 33.3% (5/15). Of 5 deaths, 4 were patients with postoperatively developed ARF, and 1 was a patient with pre-existing dialysis-dependent CRF patient. The mean time between the operation and the initiation of CRRT was $25.8{\pm}5.8$ hours and the mean duration of CRRT was $62.1{\pm}41.2$ hours. Of the 7 survivors who were not on dialysis-dependent preoperatively, 6 patients fully recovered renal function during hospital stay and 1 patient required permanent renal supportive treatment after discharge from hospital. Conclusion: Early application of CRRT could maintain stable postoperative hemodynamic status and make outcomes better than those of previous reports in patients with ARF which developed after on-pump CABG.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.591-594
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• 2003

In the present study, we developed a filling material composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres with applications in the treatment of facial wrinkle and urinary incontinence and studied the feasibility of injecting the filling materials in animal models for plastic surgical and urological applications. Former filling materials including Teflon, Silicon, and collagen have shown a few shortcomings such as inflammation reaction, particles migration or volume decrease. We injected PLGA microspheres into the subcutaneous dorsum of mice. Injected volume was constantly maintained after implanting. We hardly found either inflammation reaction or migration. This material overcomes the problems of the current filling materials and could be utilized as a new filling material for plastic surgical and urological applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.17-17
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• 1992

항균성 물질을 이용한 화학 요법의 역사는 1930 년대 초 술폰아미드의 발견으로부터 비롯되었고, 페니실린의 발견 이래 $\beta$-lactam 계 항생제가 주종을 이루고 있다. 1963년 Lesher 와 Gruett 에 의해 합성된 nalidixic acid 가 요도염 치료제로 임상에 사용된 이후 이와 유사한 구조를 갖는 항균제 개발에 많은 연구가 진행되어 제 1세대, 제 2세대의 quinolone 개발에 이어 1950년대에 들어 제 3세대 quinolone의 개발이 활발히 진행되어 왔다. 제 3세대 항생제는 C-6 위치에 F기를 도입한 것으로 연구의 진행 방향은 항균력의 향상과 체내에서의 지속 시간의 연장, 경구 투여시 흡수로의 증가와 독성의 약화를 위한 것이다. 본 연구는 quinolone의 기본 골격을 유지하면서 C-7 위치에 새로운 group을 도입하여 그에 대한 항균력을 측정하여 새로운 quinolone계 항생제의 개발을 시도하였다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 1996

면역성 용혈성 빈혈증 병견은 임상적으로 허약, 황달, 발열, 침울 및 점막창백을 나타낸다. 본 병의 진단은 구상적혈구증가증, 혈구응집반응 또는 직접적 Coomb시험 양성반응을 확인함과 동시에 용혈성 빈혈의 다른 원인을 배제함으로서 확정하여야 한다. 치료방법에는 적절한 보조적 요법과 함께 면역억압제가 포함된다. 일반적으로 치료에 있어서는 일차적으로 glucocorticoids가 선택되는데 흔히 cytoxan, aziothioprin, vincristine 또는 danazole과 같은 다른 약제와 병용된다. 치료는 그 반응에 근거하여 면역억압제의 용량을 2-4주 간격으로 점차 감량하면서 6개월 또는 그 이상까지 계속한다. 면역억압제에 대한 치료반응은 지연될 수 있고 또 적혈구 보유가 골수로부터 새로운 적혈구를 유리하게될 때까지 병축을 유지시키기에 부적당할 수 있기 때문에 병축의 예후판정은 경계하여야 한다. 심급성 내지 급성 예는 일반적으로 예후가 보다더 좋지 않다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.1173-1176
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• 2012

최근 들어 건강에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 건강관리 및 유지 방법으로 식이요법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 또한 IT 융합 기술이 다양한 분야에 적용되면서 체질과 식품과의 연관성 등을 객관적으로 입증하기 위한 식품 IT 기술이 연구되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 한의학적 진단 이론과 IT 영상처리 기술을 연계하여 칡이 간과 위장에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 실험을 수행하였다. 이를 위해 20대 남성10명을 대상으로 칡즙을 복용하고 간과 위장에 관련된 얼굴 부위인 좌측뺨과 콧등 영역의 색상 변화를 측정하여 칡과 간, 위장과의 상관성을 분석하는 연구를 수행하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.12 s.269
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• pp.879-890
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• 2006

Background: The dysfunction of multiple organs is found to be caused by reactive oxygen species as a major modulator of microvascular injury after hemorrhagic shock. Hemorrhagic shock, one of many causes inducing acute lung injury, is associated with increase in alveolocapillary permeability and characterized by edema, neutrophil infiltration, and hemorrhage in the interstitial and alveolar space. Aggressive and rapid fluid resuscitation potentially might increased the risk of pulmonary dysfunction by the interstitial edema. Therefore, in order to improve the pulmonary dysfunction induced by hemorrhagic shock, the present study was attempted to investigate how to reduce the inflammatory responses and edema in lung. Material and Method: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weight 300 to 350 gm were anesthetized with ketamine(7 mg/kg) intramuscular Hemorrhagic Shock(HS) was induced by withdrawal of 3 mL/100 g over 10 min. through right jugular vein. Mean arterial pressure was then maintained at $35{\sim}40$ mmHg by further blood withdrawal. At 60 min. after HS, the shed blood and Ringer's solution or 5% albumin was infused to restore mean carotid arterial pressure over 80 mmHg. Rats were divided into three groups according to rectal temperature level($37^{\circ}C$[normothermia] vs $33^{\circ}C$[mild hypothermia]) and resuscitation fluid(lactate Ringer's solution vs 5% albumin solution). Group I consisted of rats with the normothermia and lactate Ringer's solution infusion. Group II consisted of rats with the systemic hypothermia and lactate Ringer's solution infusion. Group III consisted of rats with the systemic hypothermia and 5% albumin solution infusion. Hemodynamic parameters(heart rate, mean carotid arterial pressure), metabolism, and pulmonary tissue damage were observed for 4 hours. Result: In all experimental groups including 6 rats in group I, totally 26 rats were alive in 3rd stage. However, bleeding volume of group I in first stage was $3.2{\pm}0.5$ mL/100 g less than those of group II($3.9{\pm}0.8$ mL/100 g) and group III($4.1{\pm}0.7$ mL/100 g). Fluid volume infused in 2nd stage was $28.6{\pm}6.0$ mL(group I), $20.6{\pm}4.0$ mL(group II) and $14.7{\pm}2.7$ mL(group III), retrospectively in which there was statistically a significance between all groups(p<0.05). Plasma potassium level was markedly elevated in comparison with other groups(II and III), whereas glucose level was obviously reduced in 2nd stage of group I. Level of interleukine-8 in group I was obviously higher than that of group II or III(p<0.05). They were $1.834{\pm}437$ pg/mL(group I), $1,006{\pm}532$ pg/mL(group II), and $764{\pm}302$ pg/mL(group III), retrospectively. In histologic score, the score of group III($1.6{\pm}0.6$) was significantly lower than that of group I($2.8{\pm}1.2$)(p<0.05). Conclusion: In pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock model, it is suggested that hypothermia might inhibit the direct damage of ischemic tissue through reduction of basic metabolic rate in shock state compared to normothermia. It seems that hypothermia should be benefit to recovery pulmonary function by reducing replaced fluid volume, inhibiting anti-inflammatory agent(IL-8) and leukocyte infiltration in state of ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, if is considered that other changes in pulmonary damage and inflammatory responses might induce by not only kinds of fluid solutions but also hypothermia, and that the detailed evaluation should be study.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.87-87
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• 2009

2008년부터 화성시에서는 담배연기 없는 맑은 화성 만들기 사업에 착수하였다. 이는 흡연으로 인한 사망 및 질환 유병의 감소, 간접흡연에의 노출, 감소 개인행위 통제를 위한 역량 강화, 지역사회 협력체계 구축 및 지원적 환경의 조성을 목적으로 하고 있다. 포괄적 흡연통제프로그램 모델을 기반으로 하여 각기 적합한 환경을 위한 수행전략과 실행계획을 수립하였다 ; 담배연기 없는 환경조성, 홍보 및 캠페인, 금연클리닉을 통한 교육, 상담의 금연프로그램 운영, 모니터링과 평가, 사업관리를 위한 지침과 교육 등. 2008년 1년 동안 총 1714명이 금연클리닉을 방문하였으며, 이중 90%는 금연시도 4주간, 57%는 6개월 동안 금연상태를 유지하였다. 6개월 동안 금연상태를 유지한 대상 중 67%는 50세 이하 연령이었으며, 6개월 동안 금연상태를 유지한 대상 중 28%에게는 행동수정요법을 적용하였다. 금연환경 조성을 위해 지역사회내 건물과 시설을 모니터링하였으며, 경로당, 유치원, 초등학교, 문화재 등과 같은 특정 환경에 초점을 맞춘 교육과 관리를 수행하였다. 또한 2009년 사업추진방향설정을 위해 지역사회주민들 대상으로 하는 금연정책에 대한 전화조사를 실시하였다. 건강한 도시를 구축하기 위해서는 모든 지역사회구성원을 대상으로 하는 다양하고 효과적인 프로그램을 지속적으로 추진하는 것이 필요하다. 특히 학생, 가족, 학교, 지역사회와 정부간의 담배 없는 화성을 만들기 위한 협력적 관계 구축이 무엇보다 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 향후 보다 나은 사업추진을 위해 현상황에 대한 분석을 토대로 적절한 전략을 개발하는 것이 필요하다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 1996

Purpose : This report is the result f retrospective analysis for children who received prophylactic cranial irradiation combined with intrathecal chemotherapy. Materials and Methods : Ninety children with ALL who had got bone marrow remission after induction chemotherapy received PCI. All but 3 children were treated with a dose of 1800 cGy as a standard regimen. While the PCI was given, all patients received intrathecal chemotherapy. Results : Nine of 90 patients experienced CNS relapse during the duration of follow-up ranged from 36 to 96 months (median 60 months). Three children experienced BM relapse prior to CNS relapse. Therefore, CNS relapse rate as the first adverse event was $6.7\%$. Median time interval of CNS relapse was 16 months from the first day of hematologic complete remission. Eighty-nine percent of patients who had CNS relapse were associated with hematologic relapse. and $78\%$ of CNS relpase occurred during maintenance chemotherapy (on-therapy relapse). The CNS RFS at 2 and 5 years are $68\%$ and $42\%$, respectively with median of 43 months. The Prognostic factors affecting CNS RFS are initial WBC count (cut-off point of 50,000/ul), FAB subtype and CALGB risk criteria. The DFS at 2 and 5 years are 61 and $39\%$, respectively with median of 34 months. The prognostic factors affecting DFS are initial WBC count (cut-off point of 50,000/ul), FAB subtype, POG and CALGB risk criteria. Conclusions : In our study, $6.7\%$ of CNS relapse rate as a first adverse event was comparable with other studies. Various risk criteria was based on age at diagnosis and initial WBC count such as POG and CALGB criteria, had prognostic significance for CNS RFS and DFS. Prospective randomized trial according to prognostic subgroup based on risk criteria and systematic study about neuropsychologic function for long term survivors, are essential to determine the most effective and least toxic form of CNS prophylaxis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.632-643
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• 1994

Background: The objective responses of cisplatin and etoposide (PVP) combination chemotherapy as second-line therapy following CAV was high (40~50%) and, in several reports, PVP yields survival results that are at least as good as those obtained with cyclophosphamide or doxorubicin-based regimens and with less host-related toxicity in chemotherapy-naive patients. We conducted a phase II study to evaluate the effect of a combination of cisplatin and etoposide as a fitst-line therapy in patients with small cell lung cancer. Methods: Sixty-one previously untreated small cell lung cancer patients with measurable lesion (s) received cisplatin(30 $mg/m^2$ IV, day 1~3) and etoposide(100 $mg/m^2$ IV, day 1~3). In patients with limited disease, after completion of 6 cycles of PVP chemotherapy, chest and prophylatic brain irradiation was performed in case of complete responder, chest irradiation on1y in partial responder. Results: 1) Of 55 evaluable patients, 13(24%) had a complete response and 29(53%) had a partial response. 2) The median survival time was 55.8 weeks for all patients(N=55), 61.1 weeks for limited disease(N=31), 51.3 weeks for extensive disease(N=24). 3) The response duration was 29.1 weeks for responders(N=42). 4) There was no significant prognostic factors influencing response rates. 5) The toxicity was tolerable and there was no treatment-related deaths. Conclusion: The PVP combination chemotherapy as a first-line therapy was effective and well-tolerated in patients with small cell lung cancer.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.344-351
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• 2005

Background : Both gemcitabine and vinorelbine are effective anticancer drugs with mild toxicity on non-small cell lung cancer, and monotherapy of these drugs are effective as a second-line chemotherapy. The aim of this trial was to assess the response and toxicity of a combination of gemcitabine and vinorelbine in patients of previously treated for non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods : 24 patients, initial stage III A/B,IV and previously treated with platinium and taxane based regimens, were enrolled from June 2000 to March 2004. The regimens consisted of vinorelbine $25mg/m^2$ followed by an infusion of gemcitabine $1000mg/m^2$ on day 1 and day 8 every three weeks. This course was repeated more than twice. Results : Twenty-four patients were analyzed for the response, survival rate, and toxicities. The overall response was 17% with a complete remission rate of 4%. The median time-to progression (TTP) was 3.1 months (95%, CI 1-10months), and the survival time was 8.2 months (95%, CI 1-23 months). The grade 3/4 toxicities encountered were neutropenia (12.5%), anemia (0%), thrombocytopenia (0%). Non-hematological 3/4 toxicities were not observed. Conclusion : A combination of gemcitabine and vinorelbine in patients previously treated for non-small cell lung cancer provides a relatively good response rate, and a low toxicity profile. However, further study will be needed to confirm its effectiveness.