• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.73-92
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• 1996

There are basically three approaches of surveys on the economically active population, namely Labor Force Approach (or Current Status Approach), Usual Status Approach, and Gainful Worker Approach. The selection of an approach among these approaches to be applied to a survey or population census should take into considerations the purpose and background of the survey or the census and the socio-economic situation of a country. In the Korean Population and Housing Census series which have been taken almost every five years since its first round in 1925, a sample survey on the economically active population has been adopted since the 1960 round of census. Even if the labor force approach continued to be applied to the censns prior to 1980, the approach has been different from one round to another in recent rounds. It may be suggested that the labor force approach continue to be adopted for the Korean Population and Housing Census for the following reasons: 1) the proportion of seasonal workers to the total workers is very small, 2) the proportion of population whose type of activity for a specific duration is different from that for one year is small, 3) the approach for the census should be the same as that for a variety of sample surveys on the economically active population which adopt the labor force approach, since the census functions as a population as well as a bench mark for those sample surveys, 4) an application of labor force approach will facilitate international comparisons since most of countries that conduct a population census adopt this approach, 5) the labor force approach can improve the reliability of results, thanks to its short reference period, etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.55-55
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• 1999

산소 이온빔이 보조된 e-baem evporation증착법에 의해 상온에서 유리 기판위에 제조된 tin-doped indium oxide(ITO) 박막의 전기적 광학적 특성과 산소 이온빔의 조건 사이에 존재하는 상관관계에 대해서 연구하였다. ITO박막의 증착률이 고정된 상태에서 증착되는 ITO박막의 성질은 조사되는 이온의 flux 및 에너지에 의존하게 된다. 이온의 에너지는 이온 건의 grid에 걸리는 전압에 의해서, flux는 이온 건으로 유입되는 산소의 유량과 rf power에 의해서 조절될 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 증착변 수를 줄이기 위해서 ITO의 증착률과 rf power을 0.6A/sec, 100W로 각각 고정 시켰고, 이러한 조건에서 grid의 가속 전압을 400~2.1kV, 산소의 유업량을 3~10sccm으로 변화시켜가며 실험을 수행하였다. 유량 6sccm, 가속전압 2.1kV에서 최저 비저항 값인 $6.6{\times}l0^{-4}{\Omega}cm$와 90%의 광학적 투과성을 갖는 ITO 박막을 상온에서 증착할 수 있었다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.37-57
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• 1998

In recent, Korea introduced the local self-government system. And the local government tried to establish and implement plans for women. Those plans were established on the basis of not the particular environments of regional societies but similar policies of central government. Despite of geographical migrations, we can find differences of population structure and economic status among regions. As the result, most of regional policies for women were ineffective. This paper examines population structure and economic status of women by regions and recommends the long and medium direction for local policies for women. For analysis, it utilizes the 2% sample data-set of National Statistical Office's '1995 Population and Housing Census' in Korea. The findings of this paper are summarized as following; Firstly, the dependency rate of Chungchong-do, Cholla-do, Kyongsangnam-do will reach about 45% in 2000. Therefore, as soon as possible, those local government should establish the labor policies to enhance the economically active participation rate of the elderly persons and welfare policy for them. Secondly, the level of women's economic participation. Thus, local governments should set up labor market policies for women according to regional situations. For examples, in Kyonggi-do, Seoul, Daejeon, Daeku which unemployment rate of the highly educated women are relatively high, those local governments should seek the measures to tackle unemployment problem of them. Thirdly, due to the differences regional economic structure, women's employment structures differed also by region. Hence, local governments should formulate suitable plans to consider the working status of regional women's workers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

In the field of aircraft icing prediction, surface roughness has been considered as critical factor because it enhances convective heat transfer and changes local collection efficiency. For this significance, experimental studies have been conducted to acquire the quantitative data of the formation process. Meanwhile, these experiments was conducted under low-speed condition due to the measurement difficulties. However, it has not been investigated that how the flow characteristic of low-speed will effects to the surface roughness. Therefore, the present study conducted experiment under low-speed icing condition, and analyzed the relation between surface roughness characteristics and icing condition. As an analysis method, the dominant parameters used in the previous high-speed experiments are employed, and roughness characteristics are compared. The size of roughness element was consistent with the previous known tendency, but not the smooth zone width.