• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.136-142
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• 2004

The method of insertion of T-type cannula into the proximal duodenum of cattle was established for the feed digestibility test. Five cattle were anesthetized with rumpun and 2% lidocaine. The incision(15 ~ 20 cm) through the abdominal wall exposing the peritoneal cavity was made. The identified duodenum was extracted through the abdominal incision. The cannula was inserted into the incised duodenal wall. Cannula barrel was extracted between the 10th and 11th rib. All of operated cattle were healthy and cannula remained completely functional until 20 months after a proximal duodenal cannulation.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.65-76
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• 2009

Little attention has been paid to Brazilian test for the estimation of uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of rocks as an indirect method despite high availability of civil engineering parameters. This paper employed Brazilian test value to estimate two parameters of igneous rocks (granite, andesite, rhyolite) of Korea. High reliability of Brazilian test has been supported by the conclusions drawn from point load test and Schmidt hammer strike values. It has also been found that this method can be applied easily and rapidly to the estimation of uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of rock cores when direct tests are not available.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.276-283
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report bowel sound patterns recorded in 3 diseases associated with structural deformity of the pylorus-duodenum. Methods: : Bowel sound recording is a useful non-invasive tool for the evaluation of gastrointestinal motility. However, the difficulty in manual attachment of the electronic stethoscope on the abdominal wall and noise production against bowel sound signals have prohibited its widespread use. Therefore, I developed a new apparatus that eliminates the noise; it contains a sound absorbing device and a holder for the head of stethoscope. Using the new bowel sound recording system, bowel sounds of the patients were recorded repeatedly. The endoscopic and abdominal computed tomography findings were obtained from other hospitals' medical record, and all patients were confirmed to have structural deformity in the pylorus-duodenum. The records of each patient were compared and assessed. Results: : Patients had either duodenal ulcer scar, pyloric stricture, or far advanced malignant stomach cancer, as diagnosed by the gastroscopy. Their dominant frequency of bowel sound obtained from the new system was checked more than 2 times at regular intervals. All 8 recordings in the 2 patients with duodenal ulcer scar (5 times) or pyloric stricture (3 times) showed a decrease in postprandial than fasting dominant frequency. One patient with stomach cancer showed no significant change between postprandial and fasting states at 2 recordings. Conclusions: The analysis of dominant frequency in bowel sounds can indicate the existence of pyloric obstruction that could delay gastric emptying.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.101-113
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• 2001

Structural and geological engineering properties of the rock mass distributed in the Yokmang mountain area were investigated to detenninc the usable cut-out volume and quarrying efficiency. The study area is located in the southern tip of the Yangsan fault system which controls the geological structure of the Kvungsang basin. As a result, the study area is mainly composed of andesicic. rhyolitic. and granitic rocks of the Cretaceous Kyungsang Supergroup and a series of right-handed strike-slip faults is developed along NNE-SSW direction. These regional faults significantly affect the spatial and meclwnical characteristics of joints such as spacing, frequency, and compressive strength. The joint frequency is highest along the fault zones and decreases toward the remote region. Based on the geological information obtained from the field survey, the detailed structure of the Yokmang mountain was analyzed and the volume of the rock mass was assessed. Considering the minimum rock block size required for the construction of a coastal dumping site, potential cut-out volume is then estimated to be 4,018,000m$^3$ the volume % of which is 48% of Yokmang mountain including the soil and weathered rock and 61% of the unweathered rock mass.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.175-184
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• 1997

The Seokdae Waste Landfill is a middle-sized site used from June, 1987 to May, 1993. Many joints and faults are developed in andesitic rocks and rhyolitic rocks distributed at the landfill. The chemical analyses of leachates, streams and groundwaters sampled in July, 1996 and June, 1997 show that the concentrations of leachates and streams were decreased, and that the groundwater qualities became worse. The groundwater contamination is deeply extended to not only shallow groundwater but also bedrock-groundwater around the Seokdae Waste Landfill Area. The range of groundwater contamination by the leachates is about 500 m to the west and about 1 km to the south from the boundaries of the waste landfill. The development of monitoring wells and pumping wells, the construction of a leachate-treatment facilities, and the adjustment of the existing grout curtains are necessary for the control of water pollution at the Seokdae Waste Landfill Area.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.147-160
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• 1998

The Samrangjin Caldera, a trapdoor-type, formed by the voluminous eruption of the silicic ash-flows of the Samrangjin Tuff which is above 630m thick at the northern inside of the caldera and thinnerly 80m at the southern inside. The caldera volcanism eviscerated the magma chamber by a series of explosive eruptions during which silicic magma was ejected to form the Samrangjin Tuff. The explosive eruptions began with phreatoplinian eruption, progressed through small plinian eruption and transmitted with ash-flow eruption. During the ash-flow eruption, contemporaneous collapse of the roof of the chamber resulted in the formation of the Samrangjin caldera, a subcircular depression subsiding above 550m deep. During postcaldera volcanism after the collapse, flow-banded rhyolite was emplaced as cental plug along the central vent and ring dikes along the caldera margins. Subsequently rhyodacite porphyry and dacite porphyry were emplaced along the inner side of the ring dike. After their emplacement, residual magma was emplaced as a hornblende biotite granite stock into the southwestern caldera margin. In the northeastern part, the eastern dikes were cut final intrusions of granodioritic to granitic composition along the fault zone of $^{\circ}$W trend.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.349-370
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• 2009

The Mt. Dungjuribong Volcanic Complex located in Gurye-gun, southwest of Ryeongnam massif, composed of Cretaceous andesitic rocks and rhyolite. $SiO_2$ contents of the volcanic rocks range from 52.0 to 78.5 wt.%. The major and trace elements composition, REE patterns and tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams of volcanic rocks suggest that they are typical of continental margin arc calc-alkaline rocks produced in the subduction environment. The phenocrysts of the volcanic rocks show that they had gone in disequilibrium state, such as reversal zoning and resorbed core of plagioclase, reaction rim around pyroxene and resorbed margins of quartz, which showing the evidence of magma mixing during the evolution of magma.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2005

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a relatively common entity. A number of studies for the postoperative feeding schedule has been studied to allow for earlier hospital discharge and improve cost-effectiveness in the treatment of HPS. The purpose of this study was to compare 3 feeding-methods and to evaluate the usefulness of ad lib feeding for HPS. The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 116 patients who underwent pyloromyotomy for HPS from 1995 to 2004. Three cases were excluded because of the duodenal perforation during pyloromyotomy. Three feeding-methods were defined as: Conventional feeding (>10 hours nothing by mouth and incremental feeding every 2 hours, C), Early feeding(for 4 to 8 hours nothing by mouth and incremental feeding every 2 hours, E), and Ad lib feeding (for 4 hours nothing by mouth and ad lib feeding, A). Time to normal feeing in C, E and A were $51{\pm}24$, $34{\pm}12$ and $24{\pm}6$ hours, respectively. Hospital-stay in C, E and A were $72{\pm}17$, $55{\pm}13$ and $43{\pm}12$ hours, respectively. There were statistically significant differences according to the method of feeding. Frequency of postoperative emesis in C, E and A were 38 %, 47 % and 53 %, but was not significant statistically. Ad lib feeding decreased time to normal feeding and hospital stay, and did not increase postoperative emesis. We conclude that ad lib feeding is recommended for patient with pyloromyotomy in HPS.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 1998

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis(IHPS) is common in full-term babies, and relatively rare in prematures. The diagnosis of IHPS in premature infants may be obscured because of the lack of classic symptoms and signs and the absence of the standard criteria for ultrasonic diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to discover the clinical differences between premature and full-term infants with pyloric stenosis, and determine the appropriate diagnostic methods for early diagnosis in premature infants. The clinical records of 52 IHPS patients who had been operated upon from October, 1994 to April, 1997 were reviewed. The incidence of IHPS in premature infants was 25 %. The onset of symptom was 4.7 weeks of age in premature, and 2.9 weeks in full-term babies. Diagnosis was established by typical symptoms. signs. and diagnostic imaging studies. In two premature infants, diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastrointestinal(GI) series, because ultrasonography did not meet the diagnostic criteria. Two premature infants initially diagnosed as gastroesophageal reflux by esophagography. were found to have IHPS by upper GI series. For the diagnosis of IHPS, a new set of criteria for premature babies has to be developed.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.261-264
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• 2007

A gastric adenocarcinoma is the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide, but there are some geographical differences in its incidence. A gastrointestinal tumor is an uncommon disease with a wide spectrum of aggressive behavior. These two tumors have a distinct pathogenesis, and synchronous occurrence of an adenocarcinoma and a GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor) in the stomach is very rare. We report a case of synchronous occurrence of a gastric adenocarcinoma and GIST in a 64-year-old man. We performed the following tests: barium swallowing test, gastroduodenoscopy, and CT scanning. We performed a total gastrectomy, and a 9 em-sized GIST at the fundus and a small early gastric cancer at the antrum were confirmed pathologically. Some explanations for this rare case exist, but in our opinion, the synchronous occurrence is a rare but probable event that can happen in an endemic area. We describe a case of synchronous occurrence of a gastric adenocarcinoma and GIST in the stomach, with a review of the literature.