• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.151-154
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• 2011

$NO_x$ 제어 기술로는 크게 연소 전 탈질, 연소 개선 및 연소 후 탈질 기술로 구분할 수 있으며, 연소 후 탈질 기술에 속하는 SCR은 촉매를 사용하여 $NO_x$를 환원하는 대표적인 배연탈질기술이다. SCR의 $NO_x$ 저감 성능은 촉매 요인(촉매 구성물질, 형태, 공간속도 등)과 배가스의 온도, 유속 분포, 공정 운전 조건 등의 다양한 인자에 의해 좌우되는데 특히, 촉매층으로 유입되는 유동의 균일도는 가장 중요한 요소가 된다. 유동이 균일하지 않을 경우 촉매 전단에 편류가 발생하게 될 것이며 일정 촉매만 사용하게 되어 촉매 사용주기 감소 및 SCR 성능 저하를 초래할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 3차원 수치 해석 기법을 이용하여 설계 초기의 SCR 반응기 내 유동 특성을 모사하여 기류 균일도 여부를 확인하고, SCR 내 유동 균일도를 최적화시키기 위한 설계를 목적으로 설치하는 가이드 베인과 배플, 다공판이 반응기 내부 유동 및 촉매층의 기류 균일도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 유동 개선을 위해 인입 덕트 곡관부에 가이드 베인을 설치하여 처리가스를 적절하게 배분시키고, 반응기 상단에 3단 배플을 설치한 결과 반응기 내부 유동의 편류 개선에 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 다공판을 예비 촉매층 하단부 위치에 추가로 설치함에 따라 유동을 한번 더 완충시킬 수 있어 기류 균일도가 매우 양호해짐을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.98-103
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• 1992

The dynamic and static torque characteristics of a three dimensional control panel installed behind a guide panel were investigated in a wind tunnel. The panel was tested for various wind speeds, angles of attack and positions of the panel. The effects of the rotational speed and the amplitude of the sinusoidal motion were also studied. The increasing rate of torque coefficients with the angular position of the panel is small when the panel remains in the wake region, but is linear when it reaches the external stream. In case of a sinusoidal motion of the pannel, a hysterisis appears in the dynamic torque. The hysterisis becomes strong as the wind speed and the angular speed of the panel increase. The unsteady torque is considered quasi-steady when the angular speed is less than 5.5rad/s, i.e. the reduced frequency is less than 0.035.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.505-510
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• 2012

The gas hold-up has a strong relationship with the size distribution and rising velocities of bubbles in a bubble column. Therefore, many previous researchers have studied on the hydrodynamics focusing on the bubble size variation in bubble column. In this study, the bubble behavior was influenced by partitioning porous plates installed at a certain height in a trayed bubble column. The gas hold-up was increased in non-sparging region (H/D > 5) as well as sparging region. We identified the effect of the partitioning porous plate using three trayed bubble columns with different reactor geometries. Furthermore, the bubble break-up frequency and size distribution were observed before and after individual bubbles penetrated through the plate. The arrangement of the plates was also investigated using a 0.15-m-in-diameter bubble column. Based on the result, we applied this design concept to a 0.36-m-in-diameter, 22 m tall trayed bubble column and identified the effect of the partitioning porous plate on the gas hold-up increase.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.150-160
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• 2000

Turbulent natural convective flow and heat transfer in a square enclosure with horizontal partition are investigated numerically. The enclosure is composed of a lower hot and a upper cold horizontal walls and adiabatic vertical walls. Partitions carried with the upward, downward, and both control plates are attached perpendicularly to the one of the vertical insulated walls, respectively. The low Reynolds number $k-\varepsilon$ model is adopted to calculate the turbulent thermal convection. The governing equations are solved by using the finite element method with Galerkin method. The computations have been carried out by varying the length of partition, the position of control plates, and the Rayleigh number based on the temperature difference between two horizontal walls and the enclosure height for water(Pr=4.95). When the control plates are attached at the edge of partition, the stability of oscillating flow grows wrose with the increase of Rayleigh number and the partition length. The heat transfer rate has been reducer than that of no control plate due to the restraint of control plates with the increase of Rayleigh number.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.636-642
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• 1997

Laminar vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder with and without splitter plates attached to the circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers are simulated by solving the unsteady incompressible Navier-Strokes equations. The Strouhal number, lift and drag rapidly change with the splitter plate. Far-field noise from the vortex shedding behind the cylinder is computed using the Lighthill acoustic analogy and the Curle's solution for the Lighthill equation. The acoustic source functions are obtained from the computed near-field velocity and pressure. Numerical results show that the volume quadrupole noise is small at low Mach numbers, compared with the surface dipole noise. Also the amplitude and frequency of the acoustic density fluctuations are varied with the length of splitter plates. The scattering effects at the edge of a splitter plate are considered by using the half-plane Green's function.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.862-869
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• 2010

Numerical analysis was done to evaluate the gas flow distribution in small scale SCR system which has $2.4{\times}2.4{\times}3.1\;m^3$ in volume and 25,300 Sm3/hr in flue gas flow capacity. Various types of baffles proposed for controlling the flow uniformity were evaluated by the CFD analysis to find the optimal geometry of the baffle in the SCR system. By installing baffles in the SCR system, the RMS (%) value was raised up to 6.2% compared with the baffle-uninstalled state. The effect of baffle thicknesses on the RMS (%) value was not shown within 0 and 8 mm in thickness, but the RMS (%) value was raised by 2.5% in 10 mm of baffles thickness, which causes the unstability in flow. By comparison between the shape of baffles, it is known that the lattice type baffle has better performance in controlling the flow uniformity than the circular truncated cone type baffle or mixer type baffle. RMS (%) values have more that 10% difference according to the shape of baffle type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.281-285
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• 2007

The flow characteristics in the thruster should be analyzed considering its geometry and the pressure ratio to estimate its performance and etc. This paper suggests the computational result of an axisymmetric real nozzle for the altitude control of a satellite to find out the application limit that the assumption of continuum mechanics holds. The steady non-reacted compressible flow field in the unstructured grid system is computed and analyzed with varying the environmental pressure (or the degree of vacuum) under the fixed pressure ratio in a real thruster of which the area ratio of exit to throat is 56. The assumption of the continuum mechanics is not approved when the environmental pressure is reduced less than $10^{-3}$ atm.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.771-776
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• 2008

The main purpose in having a control surface on a ship is to control the motion of it. It is the important element to determine the maneuvering characteristics of the ship. In this paper, the measured results has been compared with each other to predict the performance characteristics of flapped rudder's 2-dimensional section at $Re=3.0{\times}10^4$ using 2-frame grey level cross correlation PIV method. The side force of the rudder could be mainly improved by the lift force at 10 degrees angle of attack and the drag force at 20 degrees angle of attack. The separation point and boundary layer could be controlled by the change of the only flap's angle at 10 degrees angle of attack.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2004

Control of drag force on a circular cylinder using multiple detached splitter plates is numerically studied for laminar flow Two splitter plates with the same length as the cylinder diameter (d) are placed horizontally in the upstream of the cylinder and in the near-wake region, respectively. Their positions are described by the gap ratios (G$_1$/d, G$_2$/d), where G$_1$ represents the gap between the cylinder stagnation point and the rear edge of the upstream splitter plate, and G$_2$ represents the gap between the cylinder base point and the leading edge of the rear splitter plate. The drag varies with the two gap ratios; it has the minimum value at a certain set of gap ratios for each Reynolds number The upstream splitter plate decreases the stagnation pressure, while the rear splitter plate increases the base pressure by suppressing vortex shedding. This combined effect causes a significant drag reduction on the cylinder Particularly, the drag sharply increases past an optimum G$_2$/d; this seems to be related to a sudden change in bubble size in the wake region.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.383-384
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• 2010

The control surface on a ship is to control the motion of it in forward and backward states. In this paper, the measured results has been compared with each other to predict the backward flow characteristics of the single rudder's 2-dimensional section at $Re=2.0\times10^4$ using 2-frame grey level cross correlation PIV method especially, The separation region appears at 10 to 20 degrees angle of attack in a forward state. The separation point and boundary layer demonstrate in the same angle of attack compared it with the forward states.